Synthesis of jatropha biolubricant using sodium methoxide as catalyst

Initially, jatropha methyl ester (JME) was synthesized from extracted jatropha crude oil (JCO) and methanol via transesterification, using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as catalyst. JME produced, was later reacted with a type of polyol, trimethylolpropane (TMP) to produce jatropha biolubricant, a jatroph...

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Main Author:	Gunam Resul, Mohamad Faiz Mukhtar
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	Lubrication and lubricants Jatropha
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47543/1/FK%202012%2086R.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.47543
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spelling	my-upm-ir.475432016-07-15T03:08:15Z Synthesis of jatropha biolubricant using sodium methoxide as catalyst 2012-08 Gunam Resul, Mohamad Faiz Mukhtar Initially, jatropha methyl ester (JME) was synthesized from extracted jatropha crude oil (JCO) and methanol via transesterification, using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as catalyst. JME produced, was later reacted with a type of polyol, trimethylolpropane (TMP) to produce jatropha biolubricant, a jatropha based triester, via transesterification using sodium methoxide (NaOCH3) as catalyst. The produced jatropha biolubricant was analyzed by using gas chromatography (GC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), pour point test, wear test, viscosity test and biodegradability. The optimum condition to synthesize jatropha biolubricant were as follows; reaction temperature of 150 °C, reactant molar ratio of 3.5:1 and catalyst loading of 0.8% (wt/wt). The kinetic of reaction was studied by varying the operating temperature from 120°C to 200°C, indicating a second order reaction with overall reaction constant found at 3.175 x 10-1 (% wt/wt.min.°C)-1. The thermal-oxidative stability was observed at Ton, 325°C, with the improvement of 56% from the JCO’s thermaloxidative stability which is at 205°C. Physical test on the viscosity index (VI) of the jatropha biolubricant, which was calculated at 183, revealed that the viscosity of the oil does not significantly change upon the variation of temperature. The improvement of pour point from 8°C of JCO to -6°C of jatropha biolubricant justified the chemical modification applied in this research. Furthermore, wear test shows a slightly better improvement of jatropha biolubricant over JCO whereby from the four-ball test, the average scar diameter for jatropha biolubricant was 0.33mm compared to 0.36mm for JCO. In terms of environmental friendliness, the biodegradability test shows that jatropha biolubricant was able to degrade more than 60% as required to be labeled as biodegradable material. Overall, the chemical modification was able to improve the utilization of jatropha based lubricant and resulting in improvements to the chemical and physical properties studied. Lubrication and lubricants Jatropha 2012-08 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47543/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47543/1/FK%202012%2086R.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Lubrication and lubricants Jatropha
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Lubrication and lubricants Jatropha
spellingShingle	Lubrication and lubricants Jatropha Gunam Resul, Mohamad Faiz Mukhtar Synthesis of jatropha biolubricant using sodium methoxide as catalyst
description	Initially, jatropha methyl ester (JME) was synthesized from extracted jatropha crude oil (JCO) and methanol via transesterification, using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as catalyst. JME produced, was later reacted with a type of polyol, trimethylolpropane (TMP) to produce jatropha biolubricant, a jatropha based triester, via transesterification using sodium methoxide (NaOCH3) as catalyst. The produced jatropha biolubricant was analyzed by using gas chromatography (GC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), pour point test, wear test, viscosity test and biodegradability. The optimum condition to synthesize jatropha biolubricant were as follows; reaction temperature of 150 °C, reactant molar ratio of 3.5:1 and catalyst loading of 0.8% (wt/wt). The kinetic of reaction was studied by varying the operating temperature from 120°C to 200°C, indicating a second order reaction with overall reaction constant found at 3.175 x 10-1 (% wt/wt.min.°C)-1. The thermal-oxidative stability was observed at Ton, 325°C, with the improvement of 56% from the JCO’s thermaloxidative stability which is at 205°C. Physical test on the viscosity index (VI) of the jatropha biolubricant, which was calculated at 183, revealed that the viscosity of the oil does not significantly change upon the variation of temperature. The improvement of pour point from 8°C of JCO to -6°C of jatropha biolubricant justified the chemical modification applied in this research. Furthermore, wear test shows a slightly better improvement of jatropha biolubricant over JCO whereby from the four-ball test, the average scar diameter for jatropha biolubricant was 0.33mm compared to 0.36mm for JCO. In terms of environmental friendliness, the biodegradability test shows that jatropha biolubricant was able to degrade more than 60% as required to be labeled as biodegradable material. Overall, the chemical modification was able to improve the utilization of jatropha based lubricant and resulting in improvements to the chemical and physical properties studied.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Gunam Resul, Mohamad Faiz Mukhtar
author_facet	Gunam Resul, Mohamad Faiz Mukhtar
author_sort	Gunam Resul, Mohamad Faiz Mukhtar
title	Synthesis of jatropha biolubricant using sodium methoxide as catalyst
title_short	Synthesis of jatropha biolubricant using sodium methoxide as catalyst
title_full	Synthesis of jatropha biolubricant using sodium methoxide as catalyst
title_fullStr	Synthesis of jatropha biolubricant using sodium methoxide as catalyst
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis of jatropha biolubricant using sodium methoxide as catalyst
title_sort	synthesis of jatropha biolubricant using sodium methoxide as catalyst
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2012
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47543/1/FK%202012%2086R.pdf
_version_	1747811935472058368

Synthesis of jatropha biolubricant using sodium methoxide as catalyst

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