Optimization of Lipase-Catalysed Synthesis and Characterization of Kojic Acid Esters

Kojic acid ester was successfully synthesized by esterification using lipase from Pseudomanas cepacia (Amano PS) as a biocatalyst in an organic media. The reaction mixture consisted of 90 mM of oleic acid, 360 mM of kojic acid and 0.15 g Amano PS in the presence of 2 mL of acetonitrile. The mixture...

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Main Author:	Khamaruddin, Noor Hayati
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2007
Subjects:	Esters.
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5001/1/FS_2007_18.pdf
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spelling	my-upm-ir.50012013-05-27T07:19:41Z Optimization of Lipase-Catalysed Synthesis and Characterization of Kojic Acid Esters 2007 Khamaruddin, Noor Hayati Kojic acid ester was successfully synthesized by esterification using lipase from Pseudomanas cepacia (Amano PS) as a biocatalyst in an organic media. The reaction mixture consisted of 90 mM of oleic acid, 360 mM of kojic acid and 0.15 g Amano PS in the presence of 2 mL of acetonitrile. The mixture was incubated at temperature of 50°C for 24 hour at shaking speed of 150 rpm. Lipozyme IM, Novozym 435, Pseudomonas cepacia lipase, Aspergillus niger, Candida rugosa and Eupergit C-Lipase were tested for their suitability as the enzyme in the reaction. Among the enzymes tested, lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia gave the highest enzyme activity (0.015 yield/μg protein content) and specific activity (3.738 x 10-6 mmol ester/min/mg protein content) in the synthesis. Oleic acid was found to be the best substrate to produce the ester but must be in the presence of acetonitrile as an organic solvent. The maximum percentage yield using Pseudomonas cepacia lipase at optimal condition was 44% without removal of water from the reaction mixture. From the optimization studies, kojic acid derivatives can be synthesized from palm oil and kojic acid, by Pseudomonas cepacia lipase (Amano PS). TLC analysis showed that kojic acid ester gave an Rf value of 0.28 in the TLC plate and a retention time of 31.752 min in the gas chromatogram. The product formation and the reactant disappearance were monitored by IR spectroscopy. A strong C=O stretching of the ester at 1746 cm-1 and weak absorption peak of O-H in the unreacted kojic acid indicated completion of the esterification reaction. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis gave a molecular ion peak at m/z 478 which was due to the kojic acid ester. 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral data confirmed the molecular structure of the kojic acid ester. Esters. 2007 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5001/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5001/1/FS_2007_18.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Esters. Science English
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English English
topic	Esters.
spellingShingle	Esters. Khamaruddin, Noor Hayati Optimization of Lipase-Catalysed Synthesis and Characterization of Kojic Acid Esters
description	Kojic acid ester was successfully synthesized by esterification using lipase from Pseudomanas cepacia (Amano PS) as a biocatalyst in an organic media. The reaction mixture consisted of 90 mM of oleic acid, 360 mM of kojic acid and 0.15 g Amano PS in the presence of 2 mL of acetonitrile. The mixture was incubated at temperature of 50°C for 24 hour at shaking speed of 150 rpm. Lipozyme IM, Novozym 435, Pseudomonas cepacia lipase, Aspergillus niger, Candida rugosa and Eupergit C-Lipase were tested for their suitability as the enzyme in the reaction. Among the enzymes tested, lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia gave the highest enzyme activity (0.015 yield/μg protein content) and specific activity (3.738 x 10-6 mmol ester/min/mg protein content) in the synthesis. Oleic acid was found to be the best substrate to produce the ester but must be in the presence of acetonitrile as an organic solvent. The maximum percentage yield using Pseudomonas cepacia lipase at optimal condition was 44% without removal of water from the reaction mixture. From the optimization studies, kojic acid derivatives can be synthesized from palm oil and kojic acid, by Pseudomonas cepacia lipase (Amano PS). TLC analysis showed that kojic acid ester gave an Rf value of 0.28 in the TLC plate and a retention time of 31.752 min in the gas chromatogram. The product formation and the reactant disappearance were monitored by IR spectroscopy. A strong C=O stretching of the ester at 1746 cm-1 and weak absorption peak of O-H in the unreacted kojic acid indicated completion of the esterification reaction. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis gave a molecular ion peak at m/z 478 which was due to the kojic acid ester. 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral data confirmed the molecular structure of the kojic acid ester.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Khamaruddin, Noor Hayati
author_facet	Khamaruddin, Noor Hayati
author_sort	Khamaruddin, Noor Hayati
title	Optimization of Lipase-Catalysed Synthesis and Characterization of Kojic Acid Esters
title_short	Optimization of Lipase-Catalysed Synthesis and Characterization of Kojic Acid Esters
title_full	Optimization of Lipase-Catalysed Synthesis and Characterization of Kojic Acid Esters
title_fullStr	Optimization of Lipase-Catalysed Synthesis and Characterization of Kojic Acid Esters
title_full_unstemmed	Optimization of Lipase-Catalysed Synthesis and Characterization of Kojic Acid Esters
title_sort	optimization of lipase-catalysed synthesis and characterization of kojic acid esters
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
granting_department	Science
publishDate	2007
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5001/1/FS_2007_18.pdf
_version_	1747810328017633280

Optimization of Lipase-Catalysed Synthesis and Characterization of Kojic Acid Esters

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