Design, development and evaluation of a kenaf pneumatic seeding machine

In this study a 4-row, tractor mounted, kenaf pneumatic seeding machine was designed and developed based on physical, mechanical and aerodynamic properties of kenaf seed (Hibiscus cannabinus L.). The machine is made up of: (a) a chassis which is supported to move across and over fields by at least o...

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Main Author:	Bakhtiari, Mohammad Reza
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	Kenaf Seeds - Growth and development Seeds
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/51592/1/FK%202012%20151IR.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.51592
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spelling	my-upm-ir.515922017-12-27T08:45:46Z Design, development and evaluation of a kenaf pneumatic seeding machine 2012-02 Bakhtiari, Mohammad Reza In this study a 4-row, tractor mounted, kenaf pneumatic seeding machine was designed and developed based on physical, mechanical and aerodynamic properties of kenaf seed (Hibiscus cannabinus L.). The machine is made up of: (a) a chassis which is supported to move across and over fields by at least one drive wheel and one driven wheel (two transportable wheels); (b) four units of planters each consisting of a vacuum seed metering system; furrow opener (furrower); seed opener; seed cover; press wheel; and seed hopper. The vacuum seed metering system (each unit planter has one vacuum seed metering system) includes a seed container, a seed plate having a plurality of circular array openings and tabs, and a cover. The seed container has an adjustable upper cutoff brush and lower cutoff brush to dislodge any extra or double seeds picked up by the seed plate; and a first and second separators; (c) a pulley and vacuum fan to provide negative pressure for vacuum seed metering system; (d) a transmission power system holding a gearbox; chains and sprockets; and pinions and crown wheels to transfer power from drive wheel to the rotating seed plate of the vacuum seed metering system. The pneumatic seeding machine was evaluated both in the laboratory and field using kenaf seeds. For laboratory test, a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications and for field tests a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications were chosen. The data were analyzed by SAS program version 9.1 and means separation test were done using Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT). Regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between appropriate pairs of dependent and independent variables. Based on this study, the most suitable opening diameter and opening angle for planting kenaf seed are 3.5 mm and 120o respectively. The results obtained also showed that the most suitable vacuum pressure to pick up and keeping kenaf seed to plant in the soil was more than 3 kPa and the most suitable linear speed belonged to speed range of less than 1.5 km/hr. The average field efficiency of the 4-row pneumatic seeding machine was found to be 74%. The theoretical field capacities for different forward speeds of 2.05, 2.66, 3.63,3.89 and 5.50 km/hr were 2.30, 2.98, 4.07, 4.36 and 6.16 ha/day. Based on these data the economical cost of the developed pneumatic seeding machine was analyzed. The total fixed (ownership) cost was obtained as RM4950/year; while the total variable (operating) cost was found to be RM55.26/hour. Therefore total cost calculated for the machine was RM22189.44/year. Based on this study, if there are 1500 hectares of kenaf plantation area involving 270 growers in Malaysia, for planting kenaf seed twice a year (each time 39 days) and on time, about 35, 24 and 18 of the pneumatic seeding machines are needed for 4-row, 6-row and 8-row planting systems, respectively. Kenaf Seeds - Growth and development Seeds 2012-02 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/51592/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/51592/1/FK%202012%20151IR.pdf application/pdf en public phd doctoral Universiti Putra Malaysia Kenaf Seeds - Growth and development Seeds
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Kenaf Seeds - Growth and development Seeds
spellingShingle	Kenaf Seeds - Growth and development Seeds Bakhtiari, Mohammad Reza Design, development and evaluation of a kenaf pneumatic seeding machine
description	In this study a 4-row, tractor mounted, kenaf pneumatic seeding machine was designed and developed based on physical, mechanical and aerodynamic properties of kenaf seed (Hibiscus cannabinus L.). The machine is made up of: (a) a chassis which is supported to move across and over fields by at least one drive wheel and one driven wheel (two transportable wheels); (b) four units of planters each consisting of a vacuum seed metering system; furrow opener (furrower); seed opener; seed cover; press wheel; and seed hopper. The vacuum seed metering system (each unit planter has one vacuum seed metering system) includes a seed container, a seed plate having a plurality of circular array openings and tabs, and a cover. The seed container has an adjustable upper cutoff brush and lower cutoff brush to dislodge any extra or double seeds picked up by the seed plate; and a first and second separators; (c) a pulley and vacuum fan to provide negative pressure for vacuum seed metering system; (d) a transmission power system holding a gearbox; chains and sprockets; and pinions and crown wheels to transfer power from drive wheel to the rotating seed plate of the vacuum seed metering system. The pneumatic seeding machine was evaluated both in the laboratory and field using kenaf seeds. For laboratory test, a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications and for field tests a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications were chosen. The data were analyzed by SAS program version 9.1 and means separation test were done using Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT). Regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between appropriate pairs of dependent and independent variables. Based on this study, the most suitable opening diameter and opening angle for planting kenaf seed are 3.5 mm and 120o respectively. The results obtained also showed that the most suitable vacuum pressure to pick up and keeping kenaf seed to plant in the soil was more than 3 kPa and the most suitable linear speed belonged to speed range of less than 1.5 km/hr. The average field efficiency of the 4-row pneumatic seeding machine was found to be 74%. The theoretical field capacities for different forward speeds of 2.05, 2.66, 3.63,3.89 and 5.50 km/hr were 2.30, 2.98, 4.07, 4.36 and 6.16 ha/day. Based on these data the economical cost of the developed pneumatic seeding machine was analyzed. The total fixed (ownership) cost was obtained as RM4950/year; while the total variable (operating) cost was found to be RM55.26/hour. Therefore total cost calculated for the machine was RM22189.44/year. Based on this study, if there are 1500 hectares of kenaf plantation area involving 270 growers in Malaysia, for planting kenaf seed twice a year (each time 39 days) and on time, about 35, 24 and 18 of the pneumatic seeding machines are needed for 4-row, 6-row and 8-row planting systems, respectively.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Bakhtiari, Mohammad Reza
author_facet	Bakhtiari, Mohammad Reza
author_sort	Bakhtiari, Mohammad Reza
title	Design, development and evaluation of a kenaf pneumatic seeding machine
title_short	Design, development and evaluation of a kenaf pneumatic seeding machine
title_full	Design, development and evaluation of a kenaf pneumatic seeding machine
title_fullStr	Design, development and evaluation of a kenaf pneumatic seeding machine
title_full_unstemmed	Design, development and evaluation of a kenaf pneumatic seeding machine
title_sort	design, development and evaluation of a kenaf pneumatic seeding machine
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2012
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/51592/1/FK%202012%20151IR.pdf
_version_	1747812066435006464

Design, development and evaluation of a kenaf pneumatic seeding machine

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