Taxonomic Revision of Fern-Allies Lycopodiaceae Mirbel in Malaysia

The family Lycopodiaceae in Malaysia consists of three genera, namely, Huperzia, Lycopodium and Lycopodiella and comprises 32 species, including 11 varieties. Four species are reported as new records for Malaysia (Huperzia beccarii, H. goliathensis, H. prolifera and a species of Lycopodium). This fa...

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Main Author:	Kongoi, Clasius @ Claysius
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2004
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Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5188/1/FSAS_2004_38.pdf
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spelling	my-upm-ir.51882013-05-27T07:21:02Z Taxonomic Revision of Fern-Allies Lycopodiaceae Mirbel in Malaysia 2004 Kongoi, Clasius @ Claysius The family Lycopodiaceae in Malaysia consists of three genera, namely, Huperzia, Lycopodium and Lycopodiella and comprises 32 species, including 11 varieties. Four species are reported as new records for Malaysia (Huperzia beccarii, H. goliathensis, H. prolifera and a species of Lycopodium). This family is distributed throughout Malaysia but the diversity is not as high as in the Americas, the center of distribution. Morphological studies including branching patterns, anatomy and ultrastructure were conducted as they are taxonomically significant for delimiting genera and species of Lycopodiaceae. The presence of a hair at the tip of the leaf, midvein and subpetiole are good taxonomic leaf characters in some species of Lycopodiaceae. Two basic branching patterns are observed in this study with each corresponding to a distinct genus. The genus Huperzia is characterized by an isotomous branching pattern while Lycopodium and Lycopodiella have anisotomous branching patterns. Additional leaf differentiation characters on the stem of Lycopodiaceae such as heterophylly, homophylly, isophylly and anisophylly were the basis for the classification of genera and some species. The stem anatomy reveals that Lycopodiaceae has a primitive type of stele called protostele in three forms. Palynological studies reveal that spore type, shape, size, surface sculpture and aperture are taxonomically significant for delimiting or distinguishing species. Sporophyll characteristics such as margin, size, shape of leaves and apex are important for identification. Variation in the sporangial wall structure of Lycopodiaceae was found to be taxonomically significant at the genus and species levels. Based on all the characters mentioned here, the Lycopodiaceae are divided into three genera in Malaysia: Huperzia, Lycopodium and Lycopodiella. The current threat to Lycopodiaceae is conversion of hill forest into agriculture land, the main habitat of this family and over-collection by local people as a source of income. Conservation and legislation are needed to safeguard these untapped resources of possible future pharmaceuticals and other yet unknown benefits to mankind. 2004 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5188/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5188/1/FSAS_2004_38.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies English
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English English
topic
spellingShingle	Kongoi, Clasius @ Claysius Taxonomic Revision of Fern-Allies Lycopodiaceae Mirbel in Malaysia
description	The family Lycopodiaceae in Malaysia consists of three genera, namely, Huperzia, Lycopodium and Lycopodiella and comprises 32 species, including 11 varieties. Four species are reported as new records for Malaysia (Huperzia beccarii, H. goliathensis, H. prolifera and a species of Lycopodium). This family is distributed throughout Malaysia but the diversity is not as high as in the Americas, the center of distribution. Morphological studies including branching patterns, anatomy and ultrastructure were conducted as they are taxonomically significant for delimiting genera and species of Lycopodiaceae. The presence of a hair at the tip of the leaf, midvein and subpetiole are good taxonomic leaf characters in some species of Lycopodiaceae. Two basic branching patterns are observed in this study with each corresponding to a distinct genus. The genus Huperzia is characterized by an isotomous branching pattern while Lycopodium and Lycopodiella have anisotomous branching patterns. Additional leaf differentiation characters on the stem of Lycopodiaceae such as heterophylly, homophylly, isophylly and anisophylly were the basis for the classification of genera and some species. The stem anatomy reveals that Lycopodiaceae has a primitive type of stele called protostele in three forms. Palynological studies reveal that spore type, shape, size, surface sculpture and aperture are taxonomically significant for delimiting or distinguishing species. Sporophyll characteristics such as margin, size, shape of leaves and apex are important for identification. Variation in the sporangial wall structure of Lycopodiaceae was found to be taxonomically significant at the genus and species levels. Based on all the characters mentioned here, the Lycopodiaceae are divided into three genera in Malaysia: Huperzia, Lycopodium and Lycopodiella. The current threat to Lycopodiaceae is conversion of hill forest into agriculture land, the main habitat of this family and over-collection by local people as a source of income. Conservation and legislation are needed to safeguard these untapped resources of possible future pharmaceuticals and other yet unknown benefits to mankind.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Kongoi, Clasius @ Claysius
author_facet	Kongoi, Clasius @ Claysius
author_sort	Kongoi, Clasius @ Claysius
title	Taxonomic Revision of Fern-Allies Lycopodiaceae Mirbel in Malaysia
title_short	Taxonomic Revision of Fern-Allies Lycopodiaceae Mirbel in Malaysia
title_full	Taxonomic Revision of Fern-Allies Lycopodiaceae Mirbel in Malaysia
title_fullStr	Taxonomic Revision of Fern-Allies Lycopodiaceae Mirbel in Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	Taxonomic Revision of Fern-Allies Lycopodiaceae Mirbel in Malaysia
title_sort	taxonomic revision of fern-allies lycopodiaceae mirbel in malaysia
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies
publishDate	2004
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5188/1/FSAS_2004_38.pdf
_version_	1747810370445115392

Taxonomic Revision of Fern-Allies Lycopodiaceae Mirbel in Malaysia

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