Synthesis and characterization of Jatropha-based polyurethane from Jatropha-based polyol

A new vegetable oil-based polyol has been successfully functionalized for polyurethane fabrication. Starting with the crude jatropha oil, the double bonds are functionalized by introducing epoxy groups and followed by ring opening step to produce hydroxyl groups. This method effectively produced sol...

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Main Author:	Ahmad Hazmi, Ahmad Syafiq
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	Polyurethanes Jatropha Biotechnology
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52035/1/FK%202012%20134RR.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.52035
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-upm-ir.520352017-06-07T03:25:49Z Synthesis and characterization of Jatropha-based polyurethane from Jatropha-based polyol 2012-08 Ahmad Hazmi, Ahmad Syafiq A new vegetable oil-based polyol has been successfully functionalized for polyurethane fabrication. Starting with the crude jatropha oil, the double bonds are functionalized by introducing epoxy groups and followed by ring opening step to produce hydroxyl groups. This method effectively produced solvent-free epodixidized jatropha oil at rapid reaction kinetic with maximum oxirane oxygen content of 4.3%. This chemical synthesis scheme provides low viscosity and moderate functionality polyol with easier route to produce flexible film of vegetable-based polyurethane at reasonable material properties with hydroxyl number of 171 - 180 mg KOH/g, viscosity of 0.92 - 0.98 Pa.s and functionality of 5. The jatropha oil-based polyol is then reacted with aromatic diisocyanate to produce jatropha oil-based polyurethane in the present of catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate. Three distinct regions have been observed in the reactivity test of polyurethane formation corresponding to reaction of hydroxyl and isocyanate groups and branching processes. The glass transition temperature of -55 to -45 oC suggested that existence of majority flexible/soft segments and exhibited rubber-like behavior in stress-strain measurement with tensile stress at break between 2 - 6 MPa and elongation at break of 110 - 193%. Fractography evidence by SEM showed relatively flat surface with ridges and V-shaped "chevron" marking. Jatropha oil-based polyurethane is thermally stable with the onset for thermal degradation is in the range of 233 - 277 oC followed by char formation. Pseudo-plastic flow behavior with index of 0.09 - 0.24 is observed in dynamic mechanical analysis. However high amount of acid (> 0.1 mg KOH/g) in the polyol is detrimental to the branching processes with evidence of relatively low glass transition temperature (-50 oC) and mechanical strength (2 MPa). Polyurethanes Jatropha Biotechnology 2012-08 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52035/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52035/1/FK%202012%20134RR.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Polyurethanes Jatropha Biotechnology
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Polyurethanes Jatropha Biotechnology
spellingShingle	Polyurethanes Jatropha Biotechnology Ahmad Hazmi, Ahmad Syafiq Synthesis and characterization of Jatropha-based polyurethane from Jatropha-based polyol
description	A new vegetable oil-based polyol has been successfully functionalized for polyurethane fabrication. Starting with the crude jatropha oil, the double bonds are functionalized by introducing epoxy groups and followed by ring opening step to produce hydroxyl groups. This method effectively produced solvent-free epodixidized jatropha oil at rapid reaction kinetic with maximum oxirane oxygen content of 4.3%. This chemical synthesis scheme provides low viscosity and moderate functionality polyol with easier route to produce flexible film of vegetable-based polyurethane at reasonable material properties with hydroxyl number of 171 - 180 mg KOH/g, viscosity of 0.92 - 0.98 Pa.s and functionality of 5. The jatropha oil-based polyol is then reacted with aromatic diisocyanate to produce jatropha oil-based polyurethane in the present of catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate. Three distinct regions have been observed in the reactivity test of polyurethane formation corresponding to reaction of hydroxyl and isocyanate groups and branching processes. The glass transition temperature of -55 to -45 oC suggested that existence of majority flexible/soft segments and exhibited rubber-like behavior in stress-strain measurement with tensile stress at break between 2 - 6 MPa and elongation at break of 110 - 193%. Fractography evidence by SEM showed relatively flat surface with ridges and V-shaped "chevron" marking. Jatropha oil-based polyurethane is thermally stable with the onset for thermal degradation is in the range of 233 - 277 oC followed by char formation. Pseudo-plastic flow behavior with index of 0.09 - 0.24 is observed in dynamic mechanical analysis. However high amount of acid (> 0.1 mg KOH/g) in the polyol is detrimental to the branching processes with evidence of relatively low glass transition temperature (-50 oC) and mechanical strength (2 MPa).
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Ahmad Hazmi, Ahmad Syafiq
author_facet	Ahmad Hazmi, Ahmad Syafiq
author_sort	Ahmad Hazmi, Ahmad Syafiq
title	Synthesis and characterization of Jatropha-based polyurethane from Jatropha-based polyol
title_short	Synthesis and characterization of Jatropha-based polyurethane from Jatropha-based polyol
title_full	Synthesis and characterization of Jatropha-based polyurethane from Jatropha-based polyol
title_fullStr	Synthesis and characterization of Jatropha-based polyurethane from Jatropha-based polyol
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis and characterization of Jatropha-based polyurethane from Jatropha-based polyol
title_sort	synthesis and characterization of jatropha-based polyurethane from jatropha-based polyol
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2012
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52035/1/FK%202012%20134RR.pdf
_version_	1747812083131482112

Synthesis and characterization of Jatropha-based polyurethane from Jatropha-based polyol

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