Pola Grammar for Automated Marking of Malay Short Answer Essay-Type Examination

The efforts to mark essay-typed examination automatically for English have been started since 1960s. But, there was not many attempted to mark the Malay essay-typed examination automatically. One of works to mark the Malay essay-typed examination was conducted to mark the History subject that focuse...

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Main Author:	Ab Aziz, Mohd Juzaiddin
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2008
Subjects:	Malay - Grammar - Study and teaching
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5243/1/FSKTM_2008_13.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.5243
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-upm-ir.52432013-05-27T07:21:25Z Pola Grammar for Automated Marking of Malay Short Answer Essay-Type Examination 2008 Ab Aziz, Mohd Juzaiddin The efforts to mark essay-typed examination automatically for English have been started since 1960s. But, there was not many attempted to mark the Malay essay-typed examination automatically. One of works to mark the Malay essay-typed examination was conducted to mark the History subject that focused on the temporal values of the essays rather than the sentence structure of the Malay language. The subjective nature of sentence construction makes the process to identify the important points addressed in the essays difficult to be carried out. Short answer essay-typed examination requires the students to answer the questions with sentences in a short paragraph. While marking the examination scripts manually, the lecturers or teachers have to identify the sentence similarity between the sentences in the answers scripts and answer scheme. The answers scripts have to be carefully read and understood by the examiner in order to award fair marks. Sentence similarity is defined as the sentences that have similar meaning but different from the words used or sentence structure. The problems in this research are solved by using pola grammar techniques where the sentence similarity is identified by a representation of the Malay language structure and a Malay verbs synonymous thesaurus. Pola grammar produces a Grammatical Relations (GRs) representation. The technique is an enhancement of the four basic Malay language representations. The representations are Noun Phrase + Noun Phrase (NP+NP), Noun Phrase + Verb Phrase (NP+VP), Noun Phrase + Preposition Phrase (NP+PP), and Noun Phrase + Adjective Phrase (NP+AP). In order to recognize the sentence structure, a finite state automata (FSA) is constructed based on the pola grammar rules. The effectiveness of the FSA is computed in an application known as an Automatic Marking System for Short Answer Essay-typed examination (AMS-SAE). There are two tests conducted using AMS-SAE, first, 78 short answer essays in the form of simple, complex and conjoined sentences have been computed for their similarity. The results show that the average scores different to human for simple sentences is 0.032, complex is 0.113 and conjoined is 0.042. Second, the answers from a three questions for a compiler examination is recorded and tested with AMS-SAE and human. Each question which has 30 to 45 answers in the form of short essay-typed has proved that AMS-SAE can be accepted to produce similar marks to human when the Mann-Whitney test and t-test have shown that the marks have a strong significant relationship. Malay - Grammar - Study and teaching 2008 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5243/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5243/1/FSKTM_2008_13.pdf application/pdf en public phd doctoral Universiti Putra Malaysia Malay - Grammar - Study and teaching Computer Science and Information Technology English
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English English
topic	Malay - Grammar - Study and teaching
spellingShingle	Malay - Grammar - Study and teaching Ab Aziz, Mohd Juzaiddin Pola Grammar for Automated Marking of Malay Short Answer Essay-Type Examination
description	The efforts to mark essay-typed examination automatically for English have been started since 1960s. But, there was not many attempted to mark the Malay essay-typed examination automatically. One of works to mark the Malay essay-typed examination was conducted to mark the History subject that focused on the temporal values of the essays rather than the sentence structure of the Malay language. The subjective nature of sentence construction makes the process to identify the important points addressed in the essays difficult to be carried out. Short answer essay-typed examination requires the students to answer the questions with sentences in a short paragraph. While marking the examination scripts manually, the lecturers or teachers have to identify the sentence similarity between the sentences in the answers scripts and answer scheme. The answers scripts have to be carefully read and understood by the examiner in order to award fair marks. Sentence similarity is defined as the sentences that have similar meaning but different from the words used or sentence structure. The problems in this research are solved by using pola grammar techniques where the sentence similarity is identified by a representation of the Malay language structure and a Malay verbs synonymous thesaurus. Pola grammar produces a Grammatical Relations (GRs) representation. The technique is an enhancement of the four basic Malay language representations. The representations are Noun Phrase + Noun Phrase (NP+NP), Noun Phrase + Verb Phrase (NP+VP), Noun Phrase + Preposition Phrase (NP+PP), and Noun Phrase + Adjective Phrase (NP+AP). In order to recognize the sentence structure, a finite state automata (FSA) is constructed based on the pola grammar rules. The effectiveness of the FSA is computed in an application known as an Automatic Marking System for Short Answer Essay-typed examination (AMS-SAE). There are two tests conducted using AMS-SAE, first, 78 short answer essays in the form of simple, complex and conjoined sentences have been computed for their similarity. The results show that the average scores different to human for simple sentences is 0.032, complex is 0.113 and conjoined is 0.042. Second, the answers from a three questions for a compiler examination is recorded and tested with AMS-SAE and human. Each question which has 30 to 45 answers in the form of short essay-typed has proved that AMS-SAE can be accepted to produce similar marks to human when the Mann-Whitney test and t-test have shown that the marks have a strong significant relationship.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Ab Aziz, Mohd Juzaiddin
author_facet	Ab Aziz, Mohd Juzaiddin
author_sort	Ab Aziz, Mohd Juzaiddin
title	Pola Grammar for Automated Marking of Malay Short Answer Essay-Type Examination
title_short	Pola Grammar for Automated Marking of Malay Short Answer Essay-Type Examination
title_full	Pola Grammar for Automated Marking of Malay Short Answer Essay-Type Examination
title_fullStr	Pola Grammar for Automated Marking of Malay Short Answer Essay-Type Examination
title_full_unstemmed	Pola Grammar for Automated Marking of Malay Short Answer Essay-Type Examination
title_sort	pola grammar for automated marking of malay short answer essay-type examination
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
granting_department	Computer Science and Information Technology
publishDate	2008
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5243/1/FSKTM_2008_13.pdf
_version_	1747810382188118016

Pola Grammar for Automated Marking of Malay Short Answer Essay-Type Examination

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