Nitrate levels in well water and population health risk of different planting phases of paddy in Kota Bharu and Bachok, Kelantan Malaysia

Many researchers found an exposure to nitrate increase the risk getting a cancer. Uncontrolled application of fertilizers on crops cause the excess nitrate to leach into groundwater. This study was conducted to determine the nitrate levels in well water located within 100 meter from paddy farming ar...

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Main Author:	Ahmad Roslan, Amirah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2014
Subjects:	Nitrate - Analysis
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/56710/1/FPSK%28m%29%202014%2047RR.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.56710
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-upm-ir.567102017-07-31T06:01:26Z Nitrate levels in well water and population health risk of different planting phases of paddy in Kota Bharu and Bachok, Kelantan Malaysia 2014-12 Ahmad Roslan, Amirah Many researchers found an exposure to nitrate increase the risk getting a cancer. Uncontrolled application of fertilizers on crops cause the excess nitrate to leach into groundwater. This study was conducted to determine the nitrate levels in well water located within 100 meter from paddy farming area in three planting phase. We also determined the health risk associated with the population who used this well water. This study involved 80 wells in Kota Bharu and Bachok Kelantan. Well water samples were analyzed using YSI Professional Plus for nitrate levels while the health risk was calculated using the hazard index formula. Questionnaire was used to obtain the information of the health status of respondents. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of nitrate levels in Kota Bharu and Bachok was 2.69 ± 2.43 mg/L and 4.02 ± 3.85 mg/L respectively, which was below the national standards (10 mg/L). In general, nitrate concentration higher in planting season with the mean ± SD of 4.63 ± 4.84 mg/L as compared to the pre-planting phase (2.84 ± 2.26 mg/L) and harvesting phase (2.51 ± 2.90 mg/L. The highest nitrate concentration was determined in Bachok during the planting season with the mean ± SD of 6.58 ± 5.89 mg/L. The hazard index for the studied population was less than 1 and ranged between 0.013 and 0.123. There were no respondents reported with gastric cancer cases. In conclusion, the level of nitrate in well water of Kota Bharu and Bachok is tolerable and the population has minimal health risk. Nitrate - Analysis 2014-12 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/56710/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/56710/1/FPSK%28m%29%202014%2047RR.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Nitrate - Analysis
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Nitrate - Analysis
spellingShingle	Nitrate - Analysis Ahmad Roslan, Amirah Nitrate levels in well water and population health risk of different planting phases of paddy in Kota Bharu and Bachok, Kelantan Malaysia
description	Many researchers found an exposure to nitrate increase the risk getting a cancer. Uncontrolled application of fertilizers on crops cause the excess nitrate to leach into groundwater. This study was conducted to determine the nitrate levels in well water located within 100 meter from paddy farming area in three planting phase. We also determined the health risk associated with the population who used this well water. This study involved 80 wells in Kota Bharu and Bachok Kelantan. Well water samples were analyzed using YSI Professional Plus for nitrate levels while the health risk was calculated using the hazard index formula. Questionnaire was used to obtain the information of the health status of respondents. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of nitrate levels in Kota Bharu and Bachok was 2.69 ± 2.43 mg/L and 4.02 ± 3.85 mg/L respectively, which was below the national standards (10 mg/L). In general, nitrate concentration higher in planting season with the mean ± SD of 4.63 ± 4.84 mg/L as compared to the pre-planting phase (2.84 ± 2.26 mg/L) and harvesting phase (2.51 ± 2.90 mg/L. The highest nitrate concentration was determined in Bachok during the planting season with the mean ± SD of 6.58 ± 5.89 mg/L. The hazard index for the studied population was less than 1 and ranged between 0.013 and 0.123. There were no respondents reported with gastric cancer cases. In conclusion, the level of nitrate in well water of Kota Bharu and Bachok is tolerable and the population has minimal health risk.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Ahmad Roslan, Amirah
author_facet	Ahmad Roslan, Amirah
author_sort	Ahmad Roslan, Amirah
title	Nitrate levels in well water and population health risk of different planting phases of paddy in Kota Bharu and Bachok, Kelantan Malaysia
title_short	Nitrate levels in well water and population health risk of different planting phases of paddy in Kota Bharu and Bachok, Kelantan Malaysia
title_full	Nitrate levels in well water and population health risk of different planting phases of paddy in Kota Bharu and Bachok, Kelantan Malaysia
title_fullStr	Nitrate levels in well water and population health risk of different planting phases of paddy in Kota Bharu and Bachok, Kelantan Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	Nitrate levels in well water and population health risk of different planting phases of paddy in Kota Bharu and Bachok, Kelantan Malaysia
title_sort	nitrate levels in well water and population health risk of different planting phases of paddy in kota bharu and bachok, kelantan malaysia
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2014
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/56710/1/FPSK%28m%29%202014%2047RR.pdf
_version_	1747812139983175680

Nitrate levels in well water and population health risk of different planting phases of paddy in Kota Bharu and Bachok, Kelantan Malaysia

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