Free-Space Microwave Characteristics of Natural Rubber Composites Filled With Carbon Black for Microwave Application

A contactless and non-destructive microwave method has been developed to characterize natural rubber composites from reflection and transmission measurements made at normal incidence. Microwave non-destructive testing (MNDT) using free-space microwave measurement (FSMM) system involves measureme...

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Main Author: Ramli, Azlinda
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2004
Subjects:
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5969/1/FK_2004_102%20IR.pdf
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spelling my-upm-ir.59692022-02-17T03:26:58Z Free-Space Microwave Characteristics of Natural Rubber Composites Filled With Carbon Black for Microwave Application 2004-12 Ramli, Azlinda A contactless and non-destructive microwave method has been developed to characterize natural rubber composites from reflection and transmission measurements made at normal incidence. Microwave non-destructive testing (MNDT) using free-space microwave measurement (FSMM) system involves measurement of reflection and transmission coefficient in free-space. The measurement system consist of a pair of spot focusing horn lens antenna, mode transition, coaxial cables and vector network analyzers (VNA). The inaccuracies in free-space measurements are due to two main sources of errors. 1) Diffraction effects at the edges of the material specimen. 2) Multiple reflections between horn lens antennas and mode transitions via the surface of the sample. The spot-focusing antennas are used for minimizing diffraction effects and we have implemented free space TRL calibration technique by establishing three standards, namely, a through connection, a short circuit connected to each port and a transmission line connected between the test ports. This calibration along with time domain gating feature of the VNA can eliminate effects of multiple reflections.In this method, the free-space reflection and transmission coefficients, S1 and SZ1 are measured for natural rubber composites sandwiched between two Teflon plates of 10.64 mm thickness which act as a half-wave transformer at mid-band. The actual reflection and transmission coefficient, S1 1 and SZ1 of the natural rubber composites are then calculated from measured S1 1 and SZ1 by using ABCD matrix transformation in which the complex permittivity and thickness of the Teflon plates are known. From the complex permittivity, loss tangent, conductivity, wavelength, velocity and skin depth can be obtained. Result for natural rubber composites filled with different concentrations of carbon black are reported in frequency range 9-1 1 GHz. Rubber - Composite materials - Microwave measurements - Case studies Microwaves 2004-12 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5969/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5969/1/FK_2004_102%20IR.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Rubber - Composite materials - Microwave measurements - Case studies Microwaves Engineering Mahdi, Mohd Adzir
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection PSAS Institutional Repository
language English
advisor Mahdi, Mohd Adzir
topic Rubber - Composite materials - Microwave measurements - Case studies
Microwaves

spellingShingle Rubber - Composite materials - Microwave measurements - Case studies
Microwaves

Ramli, Azlinda
Free-Space Microwave Characteristics of Natural Rubber Composites Filled With Carbon Black for Microwave Application
description A contactless and non-destructive microwave method has been developed to characterize natural rubber composites from reflection and transmission measurements made at normal incidence. Microwave non-destructive testing (MNDT) using free-space microwave measurement (FSMM) system involves measurement of reflection and transmission coefficient in free-space. The measurement system consist of a pair of spot focusing horn lens antenna, mode transition, coaxial cables and vector network analyzers (VNA). The inaccuracies in free-space measurements are due to two main sources of errors. 1) Diffraction effects at the edges of the material specimen. 2) Multiple reflections between horn lens antennas and mode transitions via the surface of the sample. The spot-focusing antennas are used for minimizing diffraction effects and we have implemented free space TRL calibration technique by establishing three standards, namely, a through connection, a short circuit connected to each port and a transmission line connected between the test ports. This calibration along with time domain gating feature of the VNA can eliminate effects of multiple reflections.In this method, the free-space reflection and transmission coefficients, S1 and SZ1 are measured for natural rubber composites sandwiched between two Teflon plates of 10.64 mm thickness which act as a half-wave transformer at mid-band. The actual reflection and transmission coefficient, S1 1 and SZ1 of the natural rubber composites are then calculated from measured S1 1 and SZ1 by using ABCD matrix transformation in which the complex permittivity and thickness of the Teflon plates are known. From the complex permittivity, loss tangent, conductivity, wavelength, velocity and skin depth can be obtained. Result for natural rubber composites filled with different concentrations of carbon black are reported in frequency range 9-1 1 GHz.
format Thesis
qualification_level Master's degree
author Ramli, Azlinda
author_facet Ramli, Azlinda
author_sort Ramli, Azlinda
title Free-Space Microwave Characteristics of Natural Rubber Composites Filled With Carbon Black for Microwave Application
title_short Free-Space Microwave Characteristics of Natural Rubber Composites Filled With Carbon Black for Microwave Application
title_full Free-Space Microwave Characteristics of Natural Rubber Composites Filled With Carbon Black for Microwave Application
title_fullStr Free-Space Microwave Characteristics of Natural Rubber Composites Filled With Carbon Black for Microwave Application
title_full_unstemmed Free-Space Microwave Characteristics of Natural Rubber Composites Filled With Carbon Black for Microwave Application
title_sort free-space microwave characteristics of natural rubber composites filled with carbon black for microwave application
granting_institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
granting_department Engineering
publishDate 2004
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/5969/1/FK_2004_102%20IR.pdf
_version_ 1747810517996535808