Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio and organic loading rate on biogas methane production from anaerobic digestion of food waste

This study has been concerned with an investigation of biogas methane generation from the abundant food waste (FW) available in Malaysia by anaerobic digestion (AD) process at mesophilic (35oC) conditions. Methane recovered from FW digestion is a source of renewable energy for heat and electricity g...

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Main Author:	Tanimu, Musa Idris
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2014
Subjects:	Anaerobic bacteria Biogas
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/64691/1/FK%202014%20132IR.pdf
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spelling	my-upm-ir.646912018-07-25T02:48:34Z Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio and organic loading rate on biogas methane production from anaerobic digestion of food waste 2014-09 Tanimu, Musa Idris This study has been concerned with an investigation of biogas methane generation from the abundant food waste (FW) available in Malaysia by anaerobic digestion (AD) process at mesophilic (35oC) conditions. Methane recovered from FW digestion is a source of renewable energy for heat and electricity generation. The biogas generation was carried out in batch digesters and then in 2 semi-continuous mode digesters. The semi-continuous mode digesters consists of a 1000L pilot scale (PS) digester up-scaled from a 10L laboratory scale (LS) anaerobic digester. The key parameters investigated were the effect of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio and the organic loading rate (OLR) of the FW on the biogas methane production. The FW was fed to the digesters at different OLR of 0.5-5.5 g VS /L d in the semicontinuously fed LS and PS digesters and at OL of 0.5-7.5 g VS /Ld in the batch digester. Using a constant hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12.5 days, each OLR was investigated during the semi-continuous process. Three C/N ratio values of 17, 26 and 30 were studied at batch scale while two C/N ratio values of 17 and 30 were studied during the semi-continuous AD in the LS and PS. The available FW gathered from restaurants around Taman Sri Serdang was at C/N ratio 17. The C/N ratio 26 and 30 fed were formulated by mixing the available FW with calculated proportions of Fruits, vegetables and meat wastes to increase its C/N ratio value. Performance evaluation parameters for AD process such as the COD removal, VS destruction, volatile fatty acids, alkalinity, ammonia-nitrogen and the biogas methane yield were studied during the 30 days batch and 168 days semi-continuous AD process. The highest methane yield obtained from the batch digestion was 0.557 L/g VS fed at an OLR of 5.5 g VS /Ld during the digestion of FW of C/N=30. This compares with the maximum methane yield of 0.510 L/g VS fed obtained at OLR of 5.5 g VS /Ld in the LS digester during the semi-continuous digestion of FW at C/N=30. The maximum methane yield obtained in the PS digester was 0.392 L/gVS at OLR of 4.5gVS/Ld during the digestion of FW at C/N=30. The methane yield attained in the up-scaled PS digester was about 80% of that obtained in the LS. Results showed that process stability and digester treatment performance during semi-continuous digestion was higher during the digestion of FW at C/N=30 than at C/N=17. Foaming potential tests revealed that foaming was initiated during digestion at OLR of 1.5 g VS/Ld in all the feedstock digested. However, the highest foaming volume of 26% recorded was during the digestion of FW of C/N=17 at OLR of 7.5 g VS/Ld. The feedstock with C/N=30 had the least foaming tendency with foaming volume of 10% at OLR of 7.5 g VS/Ld. Anaerobic bacteria Biogas 2014-09 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/64691/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/64691/1/FK%202014%20132IR.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Anaerobic bacteria Biogas
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Anaerobic bacteria Biogas
spellingShingle	Anaerobic bacteria Biogas Tanimu, Musa Idris Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio and organic loading rate on biogas methane production from anaerobic digestion of food waste
description	This study has been concerned with an investigation of biogas methane generation from the abundant food waste (FW) available in Malaysia by anaerobic digestion (AD) process at mesophilic (35oC) conditions. Methane recovered from FW digestion is a source of renewable energy for heat and electricity generation. The biogas generation was carried out in batch digesters and then in 2 semi-continuous mode digesters. The semi-continuous mode digesters consists of a 1000L pilot scale (PS) digester up-scaled from a 10L laboratory scale (LS) anaerobic digester. The key parameters investigated were the effect of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio and the organic loading rate (OLR) of the FW on the biogas methane production. The FW was fed to the digesters at different OLR of 0.5-5.5 g VS /L d in the semicontinuously fed LS and PS digesters and at OL of 0.5-7.5 g VS /Ld in the batch digester. Using a constant hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12.5 days, each OLR was investigated during the semi-continuous process. Three C/N ratio values of 17, 26 and 30 were studied at batch scale while two C/N ratio values of 17 and 30 were studied during the semi-continuous AD in the LS and PS. The available FW gathered from restaurants around Taman Sri Serdang was at C/N ratio 17. The C/N ratio 26 and 30 fed were formulated by mixing the available FW with calculated proportions of Fruits, vegetables and meat wastes to increase its C/N ratio value. Performance evaluation parameters for AD process such as the COD removal, VS destruction, volatile fatty acids, alkalinity, ammonia-nitrogen and the biogas methane yield were studied during the 30 days batch and 168 days semi-continuous AD process. The highest methane yield obtained from the batch digestion was 0.557 L/g VS fed at an OLR of 5.5 g VS /Ld during the digestion of FW of C/N=30. This compares with the maximum methane yield of 0.510 L/g VS fed obtained at OLR of 5.5 g VS /Ld in the LS digester during the semi-continuous digestion of FW at C/N=30. The maximum methane yield obtained in the PS digester was 0.392 L/gVS at OLR of 4.5gVS/Ld during the digestion of FW at C/N=30. The methane yield attained in the up-scaled PS digester was about 80% of that obtained in the LS. Results showed that process stability and digester treatment performance during semi-continuous digestion was higher during the digestion of FW at C/N=30 than at C/N=17. Foaming potential tests revealed that foaming was initiated during digestion at OLR of 1.5 g VS/Ld in all the feedstock digested. However, the highest foaming volume of 26% recorded was during the digestion of FW of C/N=17 at OLR of 7.5 g VS/Ld. The feedstock with C/N=30 had the least foaming tendency with foaming volume of 10% at OLR of 7.5 g VS/Ld.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Tanimu, Musa Idris
author_facet	Tanimu, Musa Idris
author_sort	Tanimu, Musa Idris
title	Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio and organic loading rate on biogas methane production from anaerobic digestion of food waste
title_short	Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio and organic loading rate on biogas methane production from anaerobic digestion of food waste
title_full	Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio and organic loading rate on biogas methane production from anaerobic digestion of food waste
title_fullStr	Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio and organic loading rate on biogas methane production from anaerobic digestion of food waste
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio and organic loading rate on biogas methane production from anaerobic digestion of food waste
title_sort	effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio and organic loading rate on biogas methane production from anaerobic digestion of food waste
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2014
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/64691/1/FK%202014%20132IR.pdf
_version_	1747812300342951936

Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio and organic loading rate on biogas methane production from anaerobic digestion of food waste

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