Steganography in webpages using CSS color attributes enhanced by rule-based system
Unlike encryption, steganography's effort is to hide the existence of secret message rather than the meaning of the message only. Web steganography is a newlyborn techniques which are used widely over the web and the internet. However, imperceptibility is one of the most challenging goal in...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2016
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/67878/1/FK%202016%20184%20%20IR.pdf |
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| Summary: | Unlike encryption, steganography's effort is to hide the existence of secret
message rather than the meaning of the message only. Web steganography
is a newlyborn techniques which are used widely over the web and the
internet. However, imperceptibility is one of the most challenging goal in web
Steganography techniques. In addition the trade-off between capacity and
imperceptibility cannot be denied. Therefore, designing a novel web
Steganography approach with a reasonable balance between capacity and
imperceptibility, is the main aim in this research.
To aim the goal of this research, a novel approach is introduced to
steganography in web pages by manipulating the least significant bits of color
information in the Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). The overall architecture of
the steganography system which includes both the encoder and the decoder
at the transmitting and the receiving ends has been described. To achieve
the balance relation between capacity and imperceptibility, the system is
improved in decision making by rule based expert system.
The envisaged system is also secured to ensure both confidentiality and
integrity security goals are met. Confidentiality is attained by applying
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) cryptography to the secret message.
Integrity is ensured against any modification attempts to the stego-web object
through the introduction of Secure Hash Algorithm based checksum (SHA1)
in the cookies.
The steganography algorithm has been tested subjectively and objectively on
twenty web pages and the results demonstrated that this technique is
promising which appeared to be of high payload, high imperceptibility and
inconspicuous to human observers. The overall system has been tested by
six objective and subjective tests such as ACC, PSNR, MSE, chi-square,
payload and MOS. The results indicate the steganography technique is
highly reliable in terms of imperceptibility and capacity. |
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