Determinants of smoking among adult residents of Felda in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Introduction: Smoking is the single most important cause of death. The use of tobacco in cigarettes among smokers is the leading cause of premature mortality and morbidity. In Malaysia itself, the main cause of mortality with 10,000 deaths reported are smoking-related diseases. Objective: The ob...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/68117/1/FPSK%28m%29%202015%2062%20%20IR.pdf |
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| Summary: | Introduction: Smoking is the single most important cause of death. The use of tobacco
in cigarettes among smokers is the leading cause of premature mortality and morbidity.
In Malaysia itself, the main cause of mortality with 10,000 deaths reported are
smoking-related diseases.
Objective: The objective of the study is to determine socioeconomic determinants of
smoking among adult residents of FELDA in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Methods: The target population were adults from the state of Negeri Sembilan. Two
FELDA areas were chosen randomly out of 38 FELDA scheme. A multistage sampling
method was used to obtain the sample size. Simple random sampling was then used to
select the list of house. Face to face interview was performed by using structured
questionnaires. Data was collected from 1,136 respondents. The data included
demographic information (age, marital status, level of education, household income),
practices and economic aspects of smokers, the influence of friends and family and
knowledge. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis were performed using
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0.
Result: A total of 998 respondents answered the questionnaire with a response rate
87.9%. The majority of respondents are males older than 25 years, Malay and Muslim.
The findings showed that high income adults were 7.89 times more likely to exhibit
smoking than low income. The higher the advertisement, the more likely it leads to
increase in smoking. In addition, those who are married are 2.8 times more likely to
smoke compared with those who are not married. Knowledge of smoking is one of the
factors affecting smoking. Adults who are more educated are 0.57 times less likely to
smoke than less educated. Married adults are more likely to smoke than the unmarried.
Friends and family smokers were more likely to affect the person to smoke. Poor
knowledge related to smoking may lead to smoking. The findings also showed that the
higher the knowledge about smoking, the less the likelihood that they smoke.
Conclusion: In conclusion, socioeconomic determinants have influenced smoking
participation in Malaysia. The findings showed that 45.3% of the respondents are
smoker. The prevalence of smoking among men is significantly higher compared to
women. The findings also showed that there are many social determinants that could
affect smoker such as friends and family members, education, employment, and
knowledge. The economic determinants of smoking were advertisement and income.
The social determinants were found more important and significant indicators of
smoking compared with economic determinants. Based on these empirical findings,
several policy implications are suggested. |
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