Distribution of selected trace elements and stable isotopes at various trophic levels of Sungai Pulai Estuary, Johor, Malaysia

Trace metals in food web of seagrass ecosystem of Sungai Pulai in South of Johor was determined using combination of stable isotopes and heavy metals analyses. Stable isotope analysis was applied in order to construct the food web of seagrass area referred to the scientific ratios of δ13C and δ15...

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Main Author:	Mukhtar, Aqilah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2015
Subjects:	Trace elements - Analysis Stable isotopes
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/68119/1/FS%202015%2047%20IR.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.68119
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spelling	my-upm-ir.681192019-04-16T04:21:48Z Distribution of selected trace elements and stable isotopes at various trophic levels of Sungai Pulai Estuary, Johor, Malaysia 2015-12 Mukhtar, Aqilah Trace metals in food web of seagrass ecosystem of Sungai Pulai in South of Johor was determined using combination of stable isotopes and heavy metals analyses. Stable isotope analysis was applied in order to construct the food web of seagrass area referred to the scientific ratios of δ13C and δ15N. In general, complex structure of seagrass ecosystem consisted of five trophic levels. Primary producers were located in the first trophic level, while second and third trophic levels consist of echinoderms and mollusks. Fish and mollusk made up in trophic level four and five. Selected trace metals (Co, Ni, As, Cd and Pb) concentration were evaluated in sediments and marine organisms to determine the metal pollution status effected from the anthropogenic activities around the ecosystem. In this study, total heavy metal and sequential extraction technique were used to determine the concentrations of metals in sediments. Result showed concentration pattern of trace metals for total extraction technique of sediment can be arranged as Ni > Pb > As > Co > Cd. While, arrangement of trace metals for sequential extraction technique such follows: Pb > Ni > As > Co > Cd. Distribution of trace metals in sediment come from both naturally occurrence and anthropogenic activities. However, most of metal sources present are naturally on the earth’s crust. After having assessment of Enrichment Factor (EF), Geo-accumulation index (Igeo), Contaminant Factor (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Sediment Quality Guideline (SQGs), low concentrations of metal were detected in sediment collected from seagrass bed and categorized as unpolluted. However, some of benthic organisms have been affected with metal concentrations in the coastal environment. Eggs of Tachypleus gigas consisted of As concentration over the threshold, while Family Pinnidae and Placuna sp. have high concentration of Cd and As. Stable isotope and metal analysis are perfectly combination to evaluate the biomagnification and biodilution of trace metal. Different in accumulations of metals in organisms depend on assimilation efficiencies and efflux rates of metals in organism. Movement of metals in seagrass ecosystem involved biota that correlated with stable isotope ratio of δ13C and δ15N. All selected trace metals have biodiluted throughout the seagrass food web. The concept of mobility of trace metals in seagrass ecosystem was clearly designed across the trophic level. Trace elements - Analysis Stable isotopes 2015-12 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/68119/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/68119/1/FS%202015%2047%20IR.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Trace elements - Analysis Stable isotopes
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Trace elements - Analysis Stable isotopes
spellingShingle	Trace elements - Analysis Stable isotopes Mukhtar, Aqilah Distribution of selected trace elements and stable isotopes at various trophic levels of Sungai Pulai Estuary, Johor, Malaysia
description	Trace metals in food web of seagrass ecosystem of Sungai Pulai in South of Johor was determined using combination of stable isotopes and heavy metals analyses. Stable isotope analysis was applied in order to construct the food web of seagrass area referred to the scientific ratios of δ13C and δ15N. In general, complex structure of seagrass ecosystem consisted of five trophic levels. Primary producers were located in the first trophic level, while second and third trophic levels consist of echinoderms and mollusks. Fish and mollusk made up in trophic level four and five. Selected trace metals (Co, Ni, As, Cd and Pb) concentration were evaluated in sediments and marine organisms to determine the metal pollution status effected from the anthropogenic activities around the ecosystem. In this study, total heavy metal and sequential extraction technique were used to determine the concentrations of metals in sediments. Result showed concentration pattern of trace metals for total extraction technique of sediment can be arranged as Ni > Pb > As > Co > Cd. While, arrangement of trace metals for sequential extraction technique such follows: Pb > Ni > As > Co > Cd. Distribution of trace metals in sediment come from both naturally occurrence and anthropogenic activities. However, most of metal sources present are naturally on the earth’s crust. After having assessment of Enrichment Factor (EF), Geo-accumulation index (Igeo), Contaminant Factor (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Sediment Quality Guideline (SQGs), low concentrations of metal were detected in sediment collected from seagrass bed and categorized as unpolluted. However, some of benthic organisms have been affected with metal concentrations in the coastal environment. Eggs of Tachypleus gigas consisted of As concentration over the threshold, while Family Pinnidae and Placuna sp. have high concentration of Cd and As. Stable isotope and metal analysis are perfectly combination to evaluate the biomagnification and biodilution of trace metal. Different in accumulations of metals in organisms depend on assimilation efficiencies and efflux rates of metals in organism. Movement of metals in seagrass ecosystem involved biota that correlated with stable isotope ratio of δ13C and δ15N. All selected trace metals have biodiluted throughout the seagrass food web. The concept of mobility of trace metals in seagrass ecosystem was clearly designed across the trophic level.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Mukhtar, Aqilah
author_facet	Mukhtar, Aqilah
author_sort	Mukhtar, Aqilah
title	Distribution of selected trace elements and stable isotopes at various trophic levels of Sungai Pulai Estuary, Johor, Malaysia
title_short	Distribution of selected trace elements and stable isotopes at various trophic levels of Sungai Pulai Estuary, Johor, Malaysia
title_full	Distribution of selected trace elements and stable isotopes at various trophic levels of Sungai Pulai Estuary, Johor, Malaysia
title_fullStr	Distribution of selected trace elements and stable isotopes at various trophic levels of Sungai Pulai Estuary, Johor, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	Distribution of selected trace elements and stable isotopes at various trophic levels of Sungai Pulai Estuary, Johor, Malaysia
title_sort	distribution of selected trace elements and stable isotopes at various trophic levels of sungai pulai estuary, johor, malaysia
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2015
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/68119/1/FS%202015%2047%20IR.pdf
_version_	1747812550509068288

Distribution of selected trace elements and stable isotopes at various trophic levels of Sungai Pulai Estuary, Johor, Malaysia

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