Chemical constituents and biological activities of Calophyllum venulosum Zoll. and Calophyllum inophyllum L.
A phytochemical investigation on the stem bark of two species from the Clusicaceae family, Calophyllum venulosum and Calophyllum inophyllum was carried out using various chromatographic techniques and xanthones, coumarin, terpenes and sterol were successfully isolated and identified. All of the...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2016
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/69260/1/FS%202016%2059%20IR.pdf |
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| Summary: | A phytochemical investigation on the stem bark of two species from the
Clusicaceae family, Calophyllum venulosum and Calophyllum inophyllum was
carried out using various chromatographic techniques and xanthones, coumarin,
terpenes and sterol were successfully isolated and identified. All of the
secondary metabolites isolated were structurally characterized on the basis of
modern spectroscopic evidence, such as 1D and 2D NMR, MS, IR and UV.
Extensive chromatographic separations applied to the chloroform extract of the
stem bark of Calophyllum venulosum resulted in one new xanthone;
venuloxanthone, along with two other xanthones, caloxanthone I and
tovopyrifolin C. The hexane extract afforded two pentacyclicterpenes; friedelin
and lupeol.
Meanwhile, purifications of the chloroform extract revealed the presence of a
coumarin, benjaminin together with a xanthone, macluraxanthone. Two sterols,
stigmasterol and β-sitosterol were also discovered to be present in the hexane
extract.
The crude extracts of both plants were screened for cytotoxic and antimicrobial
activities. The cell lines used in the cytotoxic assays were human promyelocytic
leukemia (HL60) and positive breast cancer (MCF7). For Calophyllum
venulosum, only the methanol extract showed significant activity against MCF-
7, meanwhile the hexane and chloroform extracts from Calophyllum inophyllum
were found to be active against both cell lines. The antimicrobial activities was
carried out on Staphylococcus aureus S276, Bacillus subtilis B145, Staphylococcus epidermidis S273, Escherichia coli E266 and Serratia
marcencens S381. From the tests, only the hexane and chloroform crude
extracts from Calophyllum inophyllum showed weak inhibition against Bacillus
subtilis B145, while no activity were indicated by the other crude extracts. |
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