Morphophysiological study of digestive system of barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak Raf.)
The morphophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract of barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak Raf.) was studied macroscopically and microscopically by scanning electron microscopic, histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. The results showed that composition of teeth was similar to other small...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2011
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/69744/1/FPV%202011%2011%20IR.pdf |
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| Summary: | The morphophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract of barking deer
(Muntiacus muntjak Raf.) was studied macroscopically and
microscopically by scanning electron microscopic, histochemical
and immunohistochemical methods. The results showed that
composition of teeth was similar to other small ruminants such as
goats and sheep, except for the presence of canine teeth at the
upper jaw. The tongue was elongated with a rounded apex and
contained four types of lingual papillae: filiform, fungiform, vallate
and large conical papillae. The stomach was divided into rumen,
reticulum, omasum and abomasum. The rumen was sac-like in
shape. The reticulum was relatively large (12.33 ± 2.08 cm) in
length, while the omasum was oval and small (5.00 ± 0.50 cm) in length. On the mucosal surface of the rumen, ruminal papillae
were densely distributed in all areas of the rumen. The length of
intestine was relatively short (around 8.68 m) compared to the
intestine of sheep and goat or other herbivores with ratio of the
body length to the intestine was 1:9. The mucosal surface of the
small intestine showed the presence of mucosal fold with intestinal
villi, while the large intestine had only the mucosal folds. Unlike
other ruminants, abomasum of barking deer possessed no cardiac
glands. The salivary, stomach and intestinal glands contained
acidic and neutral mucopolysaccharides, and glycoconjugates at
various intensities. Chromogranin A, serotonin, gastrin,
cholecytokinin, somatostatin and glucagon hormones-producing
endocrine cells were present in the stomach and intestinal mucosa.
The endocrine cells in the intestines were generally spindle shaped
with long cytoplasmic processes ending into the lumen (open cell
type) while in the stomach and large intestine, the cells were
occasionally round or spherical in shape (close cell type). An
uncommon distribution pattern of endocrine cells in the
gastrointestinal tract of barking deer was noted for
cholecystokinin- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells. Overall, the
morphology of the digestive organs revealed that barking deer is
concentrate selector eaters. |
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