Bioactivity of Aglaia spp. extracts on Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius and Spodoptera litura Fabricius
It has been proven that the Meliaceae family contains biologically active compounds and insecticidal properties. Some species in the Meliaceae family belong to the Aglaia genus which have potential compounds especially triterpenoid compounds to control insect pests. However, many Aglaia species h...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70224/1/FH%202014%2017%20-%20IR.pdf |
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| Summary: | It has been proven that the Meliaceae family contains biologically active compounds
and insecticidal properties. Some species in the Meliaceae family belong to the
Aglaia genus which have potential compounds especially triterpenoid compounds to
control insect pests. However, many Aglaia species have yet to be tested on
important local pests. Hence, this study is carried out to ascertain potential
compounds from the plant leaf extracts of two species of Aglaia, namely Aglaia
odoratissima and Aglaia variisquama and to study the insecticidal activities of both
species against Callosobruchus maculatus and Spodoptera litura. The plant leaf
extracts were extracted using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol.
Mortality of C. maculatus showed significant difference (P<0.05) for solvent and
concentration used in A. odoratissima and A. variisquama extract. Aglaia
odoratissima extract of 10% methanol recorded 70±9.2% and 73±7.2% mortality
after 24 hours and 48 hours of treatment respectively. Similar to A. odoratissima,
10% methanol of A. variisquama extracts showed highest mortality with 51±3.8%
after 24 hours of treatment and 69±6.8% mortality recorded after 48 hours of the
treatment. There were significant difference (P<0.05) recorded for concentration
using for both species and 10% concentration was the most effective in reducing
eggs laid by C. maculatus after treatments with only four to 14 eggs produced.
Furthermore, total eggs produced and hatched also showed significant difference for
concentration used with 10% concentration showed effectiveness of all solvent for
both species. The tests recorded 50% reduction of eggs production and eggs hatched
compared to their control. Repellency activity showed significant different for
duration (hour) of C.maculatus exposed to treatment with 50% of repellency was
recorded after five hour of treatment for both species. Bioassay against S.litura
showed A. variisquama recorded high mortality in preliminary tests with 50.00±5.1
mortality. After further studies were done, concentration used showed significant
difference (P<0.05) for mortality, growth inhibitory and antifeedant test against S.
litura larval. Toxicity test showed all solvents were effective against S. litura larva at
1% concentration with highest mortality being recorded for chloroform solvent with
48±2.3% mortality. Growth inhibitory bioassay also shows effectiveness for all
solvents at 1% concentration especially methanol solvent with almost 50% reduction
in larval weight compared to its control. Extract of 1% of hexane, chloroform and
methanol were found to be effective with over 20% different of leaves weight
consumed recorded compared to their control. Gas chromatograph mass spectrum analysis on A. odoratissima and A. variisquama had shown both species contained
highly with terpens especially sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid group. Both groups
have been studied and some of the compounds in both groups have promising
bioactivity against insect especially triterpenoid. Result against C. maculatus and S.
litura can be concluded that A.odoratissima and A. variisquama have potential as
botanical insecticide and showed high amounts of potential sesquiterpenoid and
triterpenoid. |
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