Frequency variation in non-destructive measurement of impedance of oil palm fruits for moisture and oil content determination

Moisture and oil content are important elements in oil palm fruits quality monitoring during ripening process. Conventionally, moisture and oil content were determined by oven dried and Soxhlet extraction methods, respectively. However, both of these methods are commonly time consuming, laborious an...

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Main Author:	Chin @ Hashim, Nur Fizura
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2016
Subjects:	Oil palm - Research Impedance spectroscopy
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70399/1/FK%202016%2068%20-%20IR.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.70399
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spelling	my-upm-ir.703992019-08-21T01:02:46Z Frequency variation in non-destructive measurement of impedance of oil palm fruits for moisture and oil content determination 2016-04 Chin @ Hashim, Nur Fizura Moisture and oil content are important elements in oil palm fruits quality monitoring during ripening process. Conventionally, moisture and oil content were determined by oven dried and Soxhlet extraction methods, respectively. However, both of these methods are commonly time consuming, laborious and tedious. In this study, impedance spectroscopy technique was introduced to measure moisture and oil content of oil palm fruits. A total of 90 fruits sample from 12 weeks after anthesis (WAA), 16 WAA and 20 WAA at different maturity stages were tested. Fruits sample was divided into two sets which were 60 fruits for testing and another 30 fruits for validation. A pair of an electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes were attached to the Kelvin clip leads (16089E, Agilent Technologies, Japan) which was connected to a LCR meter (4263B, Agilent Technologies, Japan) at four discrete frequencies of 1 kHz, 10 kHz, 20 kHz and 100 kHz to measure impedance value of each oil palm fruits. Statistical analysis showed that impedance value change with different maturity stages and it was observed that high maturity stage (20 WAA) showed the highest impedance value due to the less moisture and high oil content inside the fruits. A good correlation was found at frequency of 100 kHz which has the highest regression coefficient (R2) and lowest root mean square error (RMSE) for moisture and oil content prediction. For moisture content prediction, a linear regression equation of y100 = -17.85x + 79.08 was develop with R2 of 0.77 and RMSE of 5.85% while for oil content prediction, another linear regression equation of y100 = 16.07x + 23.65 was develop with R2 of 0.72 and RMSE of 5.71%. These results indicated that non-destructive measurement of impedance has good potential to determine moisture and oil content of oil palm fruits. Oil palm - Research Impedance spectroscopy 2016-04 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70399/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70399/1/FK%202016%2068%20-%20IR.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Oil palm - Research Impedance spectroscopy
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Oil palm - Research Impedance spectroscopy
spellingShingle	Oil palm - Research Impedance spectroscopy Chin @ Hashim, Nur Fizura Frequency variation in non-destructive measurement of impedance of oil palm fruits for moisture and oil content determination
description	Moisture and oil content are important elements in oil palm fruits quality monitoring during ripening process. Conventionally, moisture and oil content were determined by oven dried and Soxhlet extraction methods, respectively. However, both of these methods are commonly time consuming, laborious and tedious. In this study, impedance spectroscopy technique was introduced to measure moisture and oil content of oil palm fruits. A total of 90 fruits sample from 12 weeks after anthesis (WAA), 16 WAA and 20 WAA at different maturity stages were tested. Fruits sample was divided into two sets which were 60 fruits for testing and another 30 fruits for validation. A pair of an electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes were attached to the Kelvin clip leads (16089E, Agilent Technologies, Japan) which was connected to a LCR meter (4263B, Agilent Technologies, Japan) at four discrete frequencies of 1 kHz, 10 kHz, 20 kHz and 100 kHz to measure impedance value of each oil palm fruits. Statistical analysis showed that impedance value change with different maturity stages and it was observed that high maturity stage (20 WAA) showed the highest impedance value due to the less moisture and high oil content inside the fruits. A good correlation was found at frequency of 100 kHz which has the highest regression coefficient (R2) and lowest root mean square error (RMSE) for moisture and oil content prediction. For moisture content prediction, a linear regression equation of y100 = -17.85x + 79.08 was develop with R2 of 0.77 and RMSE of 5.85% while for oil content prediction, another linear regression equation of y100 = 16.07x + 23.65 was develop with R2 of 0.72 and RMSE of 5.71%. These results indicated that non-destructive measurement of impedance has good potential to determine moisture and oil content of oil palm fruits.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Chin @ Hashim, Nur Fizura
author_facet	Chin @ Hashim, Nur Fizura
author_sort	Chin @ Hashim, Nur Fizura
title	Frequency variation in non-destructive measurement of impedance of oil palm fruits for moisture and oil content determination
title_short	Frequency variation in non-destructive measurement of impedance of oil palm fruits for moisture and oil content determination
title_full	Frequency variation in non-destructive measurement of impedance of oil palm fruits for moisture and oil content determination
title_fullStr	Frequency variation in non-destructive measurement of impedance of oil palm fruits for moisture and oil content determination
title_full_unstemmed	Frequency variation in non-destructive measurement of impedance of oil palm fruits for moisture and oil content determination
title_sort	frequency variation in non-destructive measurement of impedance of oil palm fruits for moisture and oil content determination
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2016
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70399/1/FK%202016%2068%20-%20IR.pdf
_version_	1747812830275436544

Frequency variation in non-destructive measurement of impedance of oil palm fruits for moisture and oil content determination

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