Impact of FDI, environment and institutional quality on health outcomes, health expenditure and healthcare system efficiency

From the time health has been identified as a key factor in human development, a lot of commitments have been made by the international community through Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) programs to improve health outcomes especially in the developing c...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Yahaya, Adamu
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2017
Subjects:	Environmental health - Developing countries Environmental management - Health aspects - Developing countries
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70828/1/FEP%202017%2014%20IR.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-upm-ir.70828
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-upm-ir.708282019-08-29T06:54:42Z Impact of FDI, environment and institutional quality on health outcomes, health expenditure and healthcare system efficiency 2017-04 Yahaya, Adamu From the time health has been identified as a key factor in human development, a lot of commitments have been made by the international community through Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) programs to improve health outcomes especially in the developing countries. The estimated period for the MDGs has elapsed but the majority of the developing countries could not achieve their health outcomes targets despite the tremendous resources committed within the 15 years of the program. Although there is an improvement in the health outcomes but the inability to meet the 2015 MDG health targets coupled with the high number of mortalities, ever increasing health expenditure and health systems inefficiencies remain the world unsettled issues especially to the developing countries. Therefore this research aims at exploring the indirect impact of FDI on health outcomes through income, poverty and education as the socioeconomic conditioning variables. Using system GMM estimator, the study provides evidence in support of both modernization and dependency theories whereby the impact of the FDI on health outcomes was found to be nonlinear. The impact is not conditioned on the level of income alone but poverty and education were also found to be important and significant conditioning variables. The second objective was to explore the impact of environmental quality on health expenditure and the nonlinearity relationship tendency between the two variables. This is motivated by the ever increasing health expenditure and the failure of the existing literature to account for environmental quality even though the greenhouse gases have also been rapidly increasing over the years. The same GMM was used and the study established the relevance of the greenhouse gases on the health expenditure by providing evidence of inverted U-shaped relationship (non-linearity) between the two variables. The third objective of the thesis evaluates the technical efficiency of healthcare systems and its determinants particularly the relevance of institutional quality in developing countries. The nonparametric DEA results show that most healthcare systems in developing countries are technically inefficient and the Tobit model result indicates that institutional quality is a significant determinant of healthcare system efficiency. Therefore it is concluded based on these findings that healthcare system in developing countries wastes 36% of the healthcare inputs. Consequently, less healthcare inputs can potentially produce the given level of the health outcomes in the systems. Institutional capacity can positively enhance technical efficiency of the use of the healthcare inputs in the developing countries. As a matter of policy implication, the developing countries should enhance investment policies to realize the potentialities of the FDI for socioeconomic transformation particularly human development indicators like health. It is also of utmost importance for developed world to assist the developing countries to fast-track their institutions, environment management capacity for efficient healthcare system. Environmental health - Developing countries Environmental management - Health aspects - Developing countries 2017-04 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70828/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70828/1/FEP%202017%2014%20IR.pdf text en public doctoral Universiti Putra Malaysia Environmental health - Developing countries Environmental management - Health aspects - Developing countries
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Environmental health - Developing countries Environmental management - Health aspects - Developing countries
spellingShingle	Environmental health - Developing countries Environmental management - Health aspects - Developing countries Yahaya, Adamu Impact of FDI, environment and institutional quality on health outcomes, health expenditure and healthcare system efficiency
description	From the time health has been identified as a key factor in human development, a lot of commitments have been made by the international community through Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) programs to improve health outcomes especially in the developing countries. The estimated period for the MDGs has elapsed but the majority of the developing countries could not achieve their health outcomes targets despite the tremendous resources committed within the 15 years of the program. Although there is an improvement in the health outcomes but the inability to meet the 2015 MDG health targets coupled with the high number of mortalities, ever increasing health expenditure and health systems inefficiencies remain the world unsettled issues especially to the developing countries. Therefore this research aims at exploring the indirect impact of FDI on health outcomes through income, poverty and education as the socioeconomic conditioning variables. Using system GMM estimator, the study provides evidence in support of both modernization and dependency theories whereby the impact of the FDI on health outcomes was found to be nonlinear. The impact is not conditioned on the level of income alone but poverty and education were also found to be important and significant conditioning variables. The second objective was to explore the impact of environmental quality on health expenditure and the nonlinearity relationship tendency between the two variables. This is motivated by the ever increasing health expenditure and the failure of the existing literature to account for environmental quality even though the greenhouse gases have also been rapidly increasing over the years. The same GMM was used and the study established the relevance of the greenhouse gases on the health expenditure by providing evidence of inverted U-shaped relationship (non-linearity) between the two variables. The third objective of the thesis evaluates the technical efficiency of healthcare systems and its determinants particularly the relevance of institutional quality in developing countries. The nonparametric DEA results show that most healthcare systems in developing countries are technically inefficient and the Tobit model result indicates that institutional quality is a significant determinant of healthcare system efficiency. Therefore it is concluded based on these findings that healthcare system in developing countries wastes 36% of the healthcare inputs. Consequently, less healthcare inputs can potentially produce the given level of the health outcomes in the systems. Institutional capacity can positively enhance technical efficiency of the use of the healthcare inputs in the developing countries. As a matter of policy implication, the developing countries should enhance investment policies to realize the potentialities of the FDI for socioeconomic transformation particularly human development indicators like health. It is also of utmost importance for developed world to assist the developing countries to fast-track their institutions, environment management capacity for efficient healthcare system.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Yahaya, Adamu
author_facet	Yahaya, Adamu
author_sort	Yahaya, Adamu
title	Impact of FDI, environment and institutional quality on health outcomes, health expenditure and healthcare system efficiency
title_short	Impact of FDI, environment and institutional quality on health outcomes, health expenditure and healthcare system efficiency
title_full	Impact of FDI, environment and institutional quality on health outcomes, health expenditure and healthcare system efficiency
title_fullStr	Impact of FDI, environment and institutional quality on health outcomes, health expenditure and healthcare system efficiency
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of FDI, environment and institutional quality on health outcomes, health expenditure and healthcare system efficiency
title_sort	impact of fdi, environment and institutional quality on health outcomes, health expenditure and healthcare system efficiency
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2017
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70828/1/FEP%202017%2014%20IR.pdf
_version_	1747812916318437376

Impact of FDI, environment and institutional quality on health outcomes, health expenditure and healthcare system efficiency

Similar Items