Growth and biochemical content of Arthrospira platensis cultured using Fresh Palm Oil Mill Effluent supplemented medium

Arthrospira, which is widely known as Spirulina, has gained growing commercial interest due to its attractive high-value biomass as an alternative and potential feedstock for food, feed, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics and so on. Numerous investigations are being conducted to optimize bio...

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Main Author:	Sukumaran, Puganeswary
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2017
Subjects:	Algae - Growth Palm oil
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70869/1/FS%202017%2025%20-%20IR.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.70869
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spelling	my-upm-ir.708692019-08-07T00:24:24Z Growth and biochemical content of Arthrospira platensis cultured using Fresh Palm Oil Mill Effluent supplemented medium 2017-03 Sukumaran, Puganeswary Arthrospira, which is widely known as Spirulina, has gained growing commercial interest due to its attractive high-value biomass as an alternative and potential feedstock for food, feed, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics and so on. Numerous investigations are being conducted to optimize biomass of this microalga while reducing the production cost. Previously, studies have been done in the formulation of the cost-effective medium using wastewater. However, due to ethical reason, waste from human and animal is not suitable for microalgal cultivation intended for human consumption. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the prospects of fresh palm oil mill effluent (fPOME) as an alternative and inexpensive growth medium in Arthrospira platensis cultivation. fPOME is non-toxic, golden-brown industrial wastewater generated as a by-product during crude palm oil extraction. The objective of this study is to determine the growth and biochemical content of A. platensis in fPOME supplemented medium under real environment. Accordingly, A. platensis was cultured in different concentrations of fPOME supplemented medium of 10 L (0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% v/v) under outdoor conditions to find the optimum fPOME concentration for good growth, productivity and biochemical content of this microalga as in the control (modified Kosaric medium, MKM). Next, the biochemical content of A. platensis cultured using the optimum fPOME supplemented medium in scaled-up outdoor conditions (100 L) was compared with commercial Spirulina products. A. platensis cultured in T2 (1% v/v fPOME) reached significantly higher (p < 0.05) specific growth rate (0.277 μ d-1) and productivity (0.159 g L-1 d-1) compared to control and other treatments. A. platensis in T2 also showed high protein (50.23% dry weight), lipid (10.37% dry weight), total chlorophyll (1.05% dry weight), carotenoids (0.56% dry weight) and phycocyanin (10.93% dry weight), which were slightly comparable with control and significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared to other treatments. Under scaled up outdoor conditions, A. platensis cultured in 1% (v/v) fPOME supplemented medium attained significantly higher (p < 0.05) protein (56.90% dry weight), lipid (12.63% dry weight), phycocyanin (15.95% dry weight), carotenoids (0.58% dry weight), total phenolic (5.70 mg Gallic acid equivalent per gramdry weight) content and second highest total chlorophyll content (1.20% dry weight) compared to other commercial Spirulina products. Besides, the preparation of 1,000 L of fPOME supplemented medium would cost about RM 13.52, in which, 98% and 42% of the medium cost can be saved compared to the generally used standard Kosaric medium (SKM) and MKM respectively. These findings showed the potential of fPOME as a suitableg rowth medium in cost-effective Arthrospira cultivation under natural conditions without adversely affecting the algal growth and biochemical content. Meanwhile, this study also added value to this wastewater as a cheaper and readily available fertilizer in microalgal biomass production. Moreover, it is also proven that the commercial cultivation of Spirulina at low cost is feasible in Malaysia with proper cultivation approach Algae - Growth Palm oil 2017-03 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70869/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70869/1/FS%202017%2025%20-%20IR.pdf text en public doctoral Universiti Putra Malaysia Algae - Growth Palm oil
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Algae - Growth Palm oil
spellingShingle	Algae - Growth Palm oil Sukumaran, Puganeswary Growth and biochemical content of Arthrospira platensis cultured using Fresh Palm Oil Mill Effluent supplemented medium
description	Arthrospira, which is widely known as Spirulina, has gained growing commercial interest due to its attractive high-value biomass as an alternative and potential feedstock for food, feed, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics and so on. Numerous investigations are being conducted to optimize biomass of this microalga while reducing the production cost. Previously, studies have been done in the formulation of the cost-effective medium using wastewater. However, due to ethical reason, waste from human and animal is not suitable for microalgal cultivation intended for human consumption. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the prospects of fresh palm oil mill effluent (fPOME) as an alternative and inexpensive growth medium in Arthrospira platensis cultivation. fPOME is non-toxic, golden-brown industrial wastewater generated as a by-product during crude palm oil extraction. The objective of this study is to determine the growth and biochemical content of A. platensis in fPOME supplemented medium under real environment. Accordingly, A. platensis was cultured in different concentrations of fPOME supplemented medium of 10 L (0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% v/v) under outdoor conditions to find the optimum fPOME concentration for good growth, productivity and biochemical content of this microalga as in the control (modified Kosaric medium, MKM). Next, the biochemical content of A. platensis cultured using the optimum fPOME supplemented medium in scaled-up outdoor conditions (100 L) was compared with commercial Spirulina products. A. platensis cultured in T2 (1% v/v fPOME) reached significantly higher (p < 0.05) specific growth rate (0.277 μ d-1) and productivity (0.159 g L-1 d-1) compared to control and other treatments. A. platensis in T2 also showed high protein (50.23% dry weight), lipid (10.37% dry weight), total chlorophyll (1.05% dry weight), carotenoids (0.56% dry weight) and phycocyanin (10.93% dry weight), which were slightly comparable with control and significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared to other treatments. Under scaled up outdoor conditions, A. platensis cultured in 1% (v/v) fPOME supplemented medium attained significantly higher (p < 0.05) protein (56.90% dry weight), lipid (12.63% dry weight), phycocyanin (15.95% dry weight), carotenoids (0.58% dry weight), total phenolic (5.70 mg Gallic acid equivalent per gramdry weight) content and second highest total chlorophyll content (1.20% dry weight) compared to other commercial Spirulina products. Besides, the preparation of 1,000 L of fPOME supplemented medium would cost about RM 13.52, in which, 98% and 42% of the medium cost can be saved compared to the generally used standard Kosaric medium (SKM) and MKM respectively. These findings showed the potential of fPOME as a suitableg rowth medium in cost-effective Arthrospira cultivation under natural conditions without adversely affecting the algal growth and biochemical content. Meanwhile, this study also added value to this wastewater as a cheaper and readily available fertilizer in microalgal biomass production. Moreover, it is also proven that the commercial cultivation of Spirulina at low cost is feasible in Malaysia with proper cultivation approach
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Sukumaran, Puganeswary
author_facet	Sukumaran, Puganeswary
author_sort	Sukumaran, Puganeswary
title	Growth and biochemical content of Arthrospira platensis cultured using Fresh Palm Oil Mill Effluent supplemented medium
title_short	Growth and biochemical content of Arthrospira platensis cultured using Fresh Palm Oil Mill Effluent supplemented medium
title_full	Growth and biochemical content of Arthrospira platensis cultured using Fresh Palm Oil Mill Effluent supplemented medium
title_fullStr	Growth and biochemical content of Arthrospira platensis cultured using Fresh Palm Oil Mill Effluent supplemented medium
title_full_unstemmed	Growth and biochemical content of Arthrospira platensis cultured using Fresh Palm Oil Mill Effluent supplemented medium
title_sort	growth and biochemical content of arthrospira platensis cultured using fresh palm oil mill effluent supplemented medium
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2017
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/70869/1/FS%202017%2025%20-%20IR.pdf
_version_	1747812924898934784

Growth and biochemical content of Arthrospira platensis cultured using Fresh Palm Oil Mill Effluent supplemented medium

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