Chemopreventive potential of water and methanolic extracts of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau on colon cancer in vitro and in vivo
Chemoprevention is a promising approach in controlling the occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study the effects of extracts of Clinacanthus nutans (Cn) on colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo was investigated. Cn Leaf and stem were extracted using sonication. Cytotoxicity testing...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/71226/1/IB%202015%2030%20IR.pdf |
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| Summary: | Chemoprevention is a promising approach in controlling the occurrence of colorectal
cancer (CRC). In this study the effects of extracts of Clinacanthus nutans (Cn) on
colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo was investigated. Cn Leaf and stem were extracted
using sonication. Cytotoxicity testing of the extracts on the human colon
adenocarcinoma cell line HT- 29 was determined. For the in vivo study, male Sprague
Dawley rats were randomly assigned to six groups. Rats in treatment groups were
administered 100mg/kg 1, 2- dimethylhydrazine (DMH) by gavage twice in the first
week. The extracts were administered for eight weeks. After sacrifice, full blood count
and histological analysis of the colons and livers of experimental animals was then
carried out. The extracts were also analyzed qualitatively for the presence of certain
phytochemicals.
IC50 values of 771.28±0.35μg/ml, 911.8±0.06μg/ml and 622.63±0.2μg/ml were observed
for the water, hot water and methanolic extracts of the leaves of Cn after 72h treatment
respectively. The number of aberrant crypt foci and crypt multiplicity significantly
decreased in the colons of rats in the 500mg/kg water extract treated group. The
500mg/kg water extract also significantly decreased hepatic steatosis and significantly
increased mRNA expression of SOD1antioxidant gene in the liver of rats. The extracts
induced a certain amount of toxicity in blood of treated rats (anemia, decreased total
White blood cell counts, decreased thrombocyte counts and decreased monocyte
counts). Phytochemical screening of the extracts of also revealed the presence of
saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, phenols and diterpenes. Though
it induced toxicity in the blood of treated rats, the water extract of the leaf showed the
most chemopreventive potential among the 12 extracts of Clinacanthus nutans studied
therefore this merits the further study of this extract for clinical trials. |
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