Ethnic politics in Chinese education and role of Malaysian NGOs in Malaysia-China educational exchange, 1974-2015
Malaysia and China have established diplomatic relations for more than 40 years. The bilateral relations between China and Malaysia are mainly based on the economic and trade fields, followed by tourism, and then is the field of education. As one of the most important aspects of Malaysia-China...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2018
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/75777/1/FEM%202018%2042%20IR.pdf |
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| Summary: | Malaysia and China have established diplomatic relations for more than 40 years.
The bilateral relations between China and Malaysia are mainly based on the
economic and trade fields, followed by tourism, and then is the field of education.
As one of the most important aspects of Malaysia-China relations, the development
in educational area is lagging behind. Educational exchange between Malaysia and
China has an important interaction with Chinese education in Malaysia and political
relations between Malaysia and China. Chinese education in Malaysia is twisted
with Malaysian ethnic politics and its development is undoubtedly a hotly contested
area. Malaysian NGOs play an important role in the process of promoting
educational exchange. Nowadays, “the Belt and Road” brings the chance for the
cooperation of educational exchange between Malaysia and China. Based on the
above problem, the objectives of this thesis are to elaborate the background and
achievement of educational exchange between Malaysia and China since they
established formally diplomatic relations in 1974, to examine the relations between
ethnic politics and Chinese education in Malaysia and to determine the roles of
Malaysian NGOs towards educational exchange between Malaysia and China. The
research is an exploratory qualitative research. The primary data were collected
through semi-structured interviews and secondary data included official reports,
Memorandum of Understanding (MOUs), journal articles, newspapers, website
pages and online resources. The informants are 24 persons who were selected based
on the purposive sampling method and snowball strategy, which were divided into
three categories: politicians, social activists and scholars. For data analysis, the study
applied qualitative content analysis. In addition, structuration theory was used in this
study. The results show, educational exchange between Malaysia and China has a
positive correlation with Malaysia-China relations, i.e. good bilateral relations of
Malaysia and China can promote educational exchange, and vice versa. Meantime,Chinese education in Malaysia was greatly influenced by Malaysian ethnic politics.
Therefore, it can be seen that Malaysian ethnic politics indirectly affect educational
exchange between the two countries. In this process, there are three main important
NGOs that play a significant role in promoting educational exchange between
Malaysia and China, which are Dong Jiao Zong, the Association of Graduates from
Universities and Colleges in China, Malaysia (AGUCCM) and Malaysia-China
Friendship Association (MCFA). Nowadays, with the rise of China and the
promotion of “the Belt and Road”, Malaysia-China relations enter the most splendid
period in history, Meanwhile, under such background, educational exchange
between Malaysia and China will become progressive. It can be expected that
educational exchanges and Malaysia-China relations will enter a more perfect and
better stage which benefits people of the two countries. |
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