Spirituality as mediator for relationships between nature exposure, connectedness to nature and psychological well-being of school students in Johor Bahru, Malaysia

Psychological well-being (PWB) of school students in Malaysia has scarcely been discussed. Excellence in academic achievement is deemed more important compared to their inner needs, which include their PWB. Engagement with nature, through sensory exposure and a sense of connectedness to nature...

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Main Author:	Md Sahak, Siti Nabihah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	Psychology Spirituality
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/75798/1/FPP%202018%2019%20IR.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.75798
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-upm-ir.757982019-10-21T03:38:53Z Spirituality as mediator for relationships between nature exposure, connectedness to nature and psychological well-being of school students in Johor Bahru, Malaysia 2018-08 Md Sahak, Siti Nabihah Psychological well-being (PWB) of school students in Malaysia has scarcely been discussed. Excellence in academic achievement is deemed more important compared to their inner needs, which include their PWB. Engagement with nature, through sensory exposure and a sense of connectedness to nature, has found to have a positive effect on PWB. The purpose of this study is to explore the outcomes of nature engagement on the PWB of school students, and the role of spirituality in mediating these variables. A total of 293 Form Four school students in standard secondary school in the Johor Bahru district. The 16-year-olds respondents involved in the study comprised of 178 females, and 115 males. The descriptive and inferential data was analysed by using SPSS 23.0. The respondents completed the survey including 1) Nature Exposure Scale, 2) Connectedness to Nature Scale, 3) Spiritual Values Scale, and 4) PWB Scale. For mediation test, data was analysed by employing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in AMOS version 23.0, and the results show that nature exposure can only significantly predict PWB through the mediation of spirituality. Whereas, connectedness to nature was found to have significant direct and indirect influence on PWB (through the mediation of spirituality). The model complies with the required model of fit standard (GFI= .903, AGFI= .880, CFI= .947, IFI= .948, NFI= .858, TLI= .940, RMSEA= .041). This study verified that to improve PWB among school students, exposing them to nature without the existence of spirituality is not sufficient to affect PWB. Whereas having a connectedness to nature can influence PWB with or without the presence of spirituality. This study recommends the implementation of the outdoor classroom, which involves teaching and learning in the setting of nature while inculcating spirituality might help students to not only excel in academics but also improve their PWB. Psychology Education, Secondary Spirituality 2018-08 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/75798/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/75798/1/FPP%202018%2019%20IR.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Psychology Education, Secondary Spirituality
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Psychology Psychology Spirituality
spellingShingle	Psychology Psychology Spirituality Md Sahak, Siti Nabihah Spirituality as mediator for relationships between nature exposure, connectedness to nature and psychological well-being of school students in Johor Bahru, Malaysia
description	Psychological well-being (PWB) of school students in Malaysia has scarcely been discussed. Excellence in academic achievement is deemed more important compared to their inner needs, which include their PWB. Engagement with nature, through sensory exposure and a sense of connectedness to nature, has found to have a positive effect on PWB. The purpose of this study is to explore the outcomes of nature engagement on the PWB of school students, and the role of spirituality in mediating these variables. A total of 293 Form Four school students in standard secondary school in the Johor Bahru district. The 16-year-olds respondents involved in the study comprised of 178 females, and 115 males. The descriptive and inferential data was analysed by using SPSS 23.0. The respondents completed the survey including 1) Nature Exposure Scale, 2) Connectedness to Nature Scale, 3) Spiritual Values Scale, and 4) PWB Scale. For mediation test, data was analysed by employing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in AMOS version 23.0, and the results show that nature exposure can only significantly predict PWB through the mediation of spirituality. Whereas, connectedness to nature was found to have significant direct and indirect influence on PWB (through the mediation of spirituality). The model complies with the required model of fit standard (GFI= .903, AGFI= .880, CFI= .947, IFI= .948, NFI= .858, TLI= .940, RMSEA= .041). This study verified that to improve PWB among school students, exposing them to nature without the existence of spirituality is not sufficient to affect PWB. Whereas having a connectedness to nature can influence PWB with or without the presence of spirituality. This study recommends the implementation of the outdoor classroom, which involves teaching and learning in the setting of nature while inculcating spirituality might help students to not only excel in academics but also improve their PWB.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Md Sahak, Siti Nabihah
author_facet	Md Sahak, Siti Nabihah
author_sort	Md Sahak, Siti Nabihah
title	Spirituality as mediator for relationships between nature exposure, connectedness to nature and psychological well-being of school students in Johor Bahru, Malaysia
title_short	Spirituality as mediator for relationships between nature exposure, connectedness to nature and psychological well-being of school students in Johor Bahru, Malaysia
title_full	Spirituality as mediator for relationships between nature exposure, connectedness to nature and psychological well-being of school students in Johor Bahru, Malaysia
title_fullStr	Spirituality as mediator for relationships between nature exposure, connectedness to nature and psychological well-being of school students in Johor Bahru, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	Spirituality as mediator for relationships between nature exposure, connectedness to nature and psychological well-being of school students in Johor Bahru, Malaysia
title_sort	spirituality as mediator for relationships between nature exposure, connectedness to nature and psychological well-being of school students in johor bahru, malaysia
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2018
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/75798/1/FPP%202018%2019%20IR.pdf
_version_	1747813089914388480

Spirituality as mediator for relationships between nature exposure, connectedness to nature and psychological well-being of school students in Johor Bahru, Malaysia

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