Production of resistant starch type III and IV and their in vivo characterisation using balb/c mice model
Sago is an important agricultural commodity for Sarawak. The potential of sago is highlighted in the Malaysia’s 11th plan as part of the poverty eradication programme. Sago starch indigestibility provides a new perspective of sago utilisation as a prebiotic. The indigestible portion of starch is...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/78364/1/FSPM%202015%2016%20IR.pdf |
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| Summary: | Sago is an important agricultural commodity for Sarawak. The potential of sago is
highlighted in the Malaysia’s 11th plan as part of the poverty eradication programme. Sago
starch indigestibility provides a new perspective of sago utilisation as a prebiotic. The
indigestible portion of starch is termed as resistant starch (RS). In the present study, RS
type III and IV were produced through retrogradation and chemical modifications
respectively. Retrogradation was done on different starch paste concentration of 10, 18 and
30%. The resultant RS type III was analysed for solubility, swelling power, amylose and
RS content. Resistant starch type IV was produced through hydroxypropylation,
acetylation, cross-linking and double modification combining acetylation and crosslinking.
The resultant RS was subjected to the same analysis as RS type III. Native sago
starch, retrograded starch at 18% initial starch paste concentration, 2% acetylated starch
and double modified starch combining 1.5% cross-linking and 2% acetylation were further
analysed for prebiotic evaluation through in vivo study using BALB/c mice model. All RS
was supplemented into a standardised AIN93-M feed formulation. Feeding treatment was
conducted for 4 weeks. The daily feed intake and body weight were recorded. Faeces
samples were collected on the eighth day and on the final three consecutive days of feeding
treatment. All faeces samples were subjected to short chain fatty acid analysis using highperformance
liquid chromatography. All starch modifications showed an increase in
solubility and swelling power. Native sago showed a high content of RS at 69%.
Retrograded starch showed a significantly low amylose and RS content than native starch
(P < 0.05). Only 1.5 and 2% acetylation, as well as double modification of 1.5% crosslinking
and 2% acetylation showed an increase in RS content than native sago starch.
Cross-linking and double modified starch showed an increase in amylose content at all
level of modification. Mice fed diet supplemented with RS type III and acetylation showed
a better overall growth performance with an increase of body weight with a decrease in
feed intake. Mice fed diet supplemented with double modified and native sago starch
showed a weight loss with a decrease in feed intake. This pattern supported satiety properties. Short chain fatty acid analysis showed the highest lactate production in mice
fed diet supplemented with double modified starch at 43.57%. The highest propionate
concentration was shown in mice fed diet supplemented with RS type III and double
modified starch at 10.4%. The results showed that double modified sago starch has the
potential as a prebiotic candidate ingredient. The weight reduction potential shown in a
diet supplemented with double modified starch could also be further implemented in a
weight management diet. |
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