Villagers’ perspective of contributing factors to illegal logging and land encroachment in Ulu Sat Permanent Reserve Forest, Kelantan, Malaysia

Ulu Sat Permanent Reserve Forest (PRF) comprises of three recreation areas, namely Jeram Linang, Bukit Baka and Lata Tujuh located within the Ulu Sat district of Machang, Kelantan. Ulu Sat PRF is comprises of 14,432 hectares of forest reserves area. There are 12 sub-districts of Ulu Sat, namely Baka...

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Main Author:	Mohamad Amran, Nur Afifah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	Logging - Corrupt practices - Tropics Forest reserves - Malaysia - Kelantan
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/79056/1/FH%202019%207%20ir.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.79056
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spelling	my-upm-ir.790562022-01-17T03:51:20Z Villagers’ perspective of contributing factors to illegal logging and land encroachment in Ulu Sat Permanent Reserve Forest, Kelantan, Malaysia 2019-01 Mohamad Amran, Nur Afifah Ulu Sat Permanent Reserve Forest (PRF) comprises of three recreation areas, namely Jeram Linang, Bukit Baka and Lata Tujuh located within the Ulu Sat district of Machang, Kelantan. Ulu Sat PRF is comprises of 14,432 hectares of forest reserves area. There are 12 sub-districts of Ulu Sat, namely Baka, Bakat, Banggol Judah, Belukar, Bukit Tiu, Cherang Hangus, Kemuning, Kepang, Kepas, Kweng Hitam, Pangkal Durian and Sungai Hala that accommodate with total population of 29.233 people comprising Malay (92.20%), Chinese (7.63%), Indian (0.10%) and others (0.07%). Illegal logging and land encroachment are increasingly prevalent in Ulu Sat PRF as intruders gain access via the recreation areas. The first objective of this study was to identify villagers’ consciousness about the types of forest offences commonly committed by intruders. The second objective was to classify the factors of illegal logging and land encroachment. The third objective was to assess villagers’ perceptions of illegal logging and land encroachment based on age. The study was conducted through interviews using questionnaires in cooperation with the village headman by selecting 360 respondents from 69 villages in the 12 sub-districts. By using random sampling, respondents were aware of the forest offences that occurred in the study area. Data from the study were analysed using IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 24.0. The villagers were aware that most common offence being timber extraction without a licence (67.5%). The least common infringement was poison fishing, disposal of toxic substances or fish bombs in rivers or lakes (30.8%). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that enforcement (20%), economic (15.6%), socioeconomic (15%) and human-attitude (11%) were the main factors for illegal logging. While enforcement (22%), locality (21%) and knowledge (11%) were the main factors for land encroachment. As for the villagers’ perception based on age, it was influenced by high cost of living (0.001), jobless/fixed income (0.003), lack of awareness about illegal logging activities (0.046) and lack of knowledge about forest management (0.004). For land encroachment, the three significant factors are lack of knowledge about the law (0.042), land sales syndication (0.006) and weak law enforcement (0.025). Therefore, this study is able to find out clearly the factors that cause the occurrence of forest offenses in the study area from the perspective of the villagers. Subsequently, the outcome of this study could be channelled to the State of Kelantan Forestry Department to assist them in obtaining information to address the difficult issues of this uncontrolled forest offense. Logging - Corrupt practices - Tropics Forest reserves - Malaysia - Kelantan 2019-01 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/79056/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/79056/1/FH%202019%207%20ir.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Logging - Corrupt practices - Tropics Forest reserves - Malaysia - Kelantan Hassan Zaki, Pakhriazad
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Hassan Zaki, Pakhriazad
topic	Logging - Corrupt practices - Tropics Forest reserves - Malaysia - Kelantan
spellingShingle	Logging - Corrupt practices - Tropics Forest reserves - Malaysia - Kelantan Mohamad Amran, Nur Afifah Villagers’ perspective of contributing factors to illegal logging and land encroachment in Ulu Sat Permanent Reserve Forest, Kelantan, Malaysia
description	Ulu Sat Permanent Reserve Forest (PRF) comprises of three recreation areas, namely Jeram Linang, Bukit Baka and Lata Tujuh located within the Ulu Sat district of Machang, Kelantan. Ulu Sat PRF is comprises of 14,432 hectares of forest reserves area. There are 12 sub-districts of Ulu Sat, namely Baka, Bakat, Banggol Judah, Belukar, Bukit Tiu, Cherang Hangus, Kemuning, Kepang, Kepas, Kweng Hitam, Pangkal Durian and Sungai Hala that accommodate with total population of 29.233 people comprising Malay (92.20%), Chinese (7.63%), Indian (0.10%) and others (0.07%). Illegal logging and land encroachment are increasingly prevalent in Ulu Sat PRF as intruders gain access via the recreation areas. The first objective of this study was to identify villagers’ consciousness about the types of forest offences commonly committed by intruders. The second objective was to classify the factors of illegal logging and land encroachment. The third objective was to assess villagers’ perceptions of illegal logging and land encroachment based on age. The study was conducted through interviews using questionnaires in cooperation with the village headman by selecting 360 respondents from 69 villages in the 12 sub-districts. By using random sampling, respondents were aware of the forest offences that occurred in the study area. Data from the study were analysed using IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 24.0. The villagers were aware that most common offence being timber extraction without a licence (67.5%). The least common infringement was poison fishing, disposal of toxic substances or fish bombs in rivers or lakes (30.8%). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that enforcement (20%), economic (15.6%), socioeconomic (15%) and human-attitude (11%) were the main factors for illegal logging. While enforcement (22%), locality (21%) and knowledge (11%) were the main factors for land encroachment. As for the villagers’ perception based on age, it was influenced by high cost of living (0.001), jobless/fixed income (0.003), lack of awareness about illegal logging activities (0.046) and lack of knowledge about forest management (0.004). For land encroachment, the three significant factors are lack of knowledge about the law (0.042), land sales syndication (0.006) and weak law enforcement (0.025). Therefore, this study is able to find out clearly the factors that cause the occurrence of forest offenses in the study area from the perspective of the villagers. Subsequently, the outcome of this study could be channelled to the State of Kelantan Forestry Department to assist them in obtaining information to address the difficult issues of this uncontrolled forest offense.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Mohamad Amran, Nur Afifah
author_facet	Mohamad Amran, Nur Afifah
author_sort	Mohamad Amran, Nur Afifah
title	Villagers’ perspective of contributing factors to illegal logging and land encroachment in Ulu Sat Permanent Reserve Forest, Kelantan, Malaysia
title_short	Villagers’ perspective of contributing factors to illegal logging and land encroachment in Ulu Sat Permanent Reserve Forest, Kelantan, Malaysia
title_full	Villagers’ perspective of contributing factors to illegal logging and land encroachment in Ulu Sat Permanent Reserve Forest, Kelantan, Malaysia
title_fullStr	Villagers’ perspective of contributing factors to illegal logging and land encroachment in Ulu Sat Permanent Reserve Forest, Kelantan, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	Villagers’ perspective of contributing factors to illegal logging and land encroachment in Ulu Sat Permanent Reserve Forest, Kelantan, Malaysia
title_sort	villagers’ perspective of contributing factors to illegal logging and land encroachment in ulu sat permanent reserve forest, kelantan, malaysia
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2019
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/79056/1/FH%202019%207%20ir.pdf
_version_	1747813305189138432

Villagers’ perspective of contributing factors to illegal logging and land encroachment in Ulu Sat Permanent Reserve Forest, Kelantan, Malaysia

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