Layer-by-layer assembled conductive films based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polypyrrole composites for hybrid supercapacitors

Electrochemical supercapacitors are highly potential and environment-friendly storage system that widely used in electronic devices considered as a good solution to reduce the global environmental issues. A good electrochemical supercapacitor should possess remarkable specific energy, long shelf lif...

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Main Author:	Kulandaivalu, Shalini
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	Polymeric composites Electrolytic capacitors
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/83322/1/FS%202019%2070%20IR.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.83322
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Sulaiman, Yusran
topic	Polymeric composites Electrolytic capacitors
spellingShingle	Polymeric composites Electrolytic capacitors Kulandaivalu, Shalini Layer-by-layer assembled conductive films based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polypyrrole composites for hybrid supercapacitors
description	Electrochemical supercapacitors are highly potential and environment-friendly storage system that widely used in electronic devices considered as a good solution to reduce the global environmental issues. A good electrochemical supercapacitor should possess remarkable specific energy, long shelf life, fast charge-discharge capacity and good specific power which can be improved by designing the electrode materials. In this study, the layer-by-layer (LBL) approach has been shown to be a viable option in the fabrication of electrode materials for supercapacitors. Two different preparation methods, electrodeposition (chronoamperometry) and vacuum filtration have been chosen to design the electrode materials. The focus was placed on multi-layered composition as electrode materials for a symmetrical supercapacitor device, where each layer was made of composites containing two or more materials. By carefully controlling the number of layers and the order of the layers, high-performance LBL assembled composite films have been obtained. X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy have been used to characterize the as-formed layered composites. In this work, different composition of materials consisting of conducting polymers, i.e. poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and polypyrrole (PPy), carbon-based materials, i.e. graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and nickel-cobalt layered double hydroxides (Ni-Co LDHs) were incorporated to form multilayered composites. The electrochemically deposited PEDOT/GO with PEDOT/NCC bilayer composite showed good performance with high specific capacitance (129.03 F g-1 at 25 mV s-1), good capacity retention (85% of initial value after 2000 cycles), remarkably low charge transfer resistance (4.02 Ω) and good specific power and specific energy compared to its individual binary hybrid nanocomposites. After replacing the PEDOT with PPy to form composite film via vacuum filtration method, the as-formed bilayer composite film showed good improvement in the supercapacitive performances. This bilayer film had a surface area of 42.88 m2 g-1, a mesoporosity system, and delivered a high specific capacitance of 562.9 F g-1 at 3 mV s-1 with a maximum specific energy of 19.3 Wh kg-1 and maximum specific power of 884.6 W kg-1. Subsequently, by substituting the second layer with MWCNTs/rGO/NCC, the film with mesopores (0.558 cm3 g-1) and specific surface area of 106.02 m2 g-1 exhibits a high specific capacitance of 882.2 F g-1 at 10 mV s-1, remarkable cycling stability of ~90% over 10000 cycles and a high specific energy of 44.6 Wh kg-1 with a high specific power of 2889.9 W kg-1. Another separate study has been carried out by layering Ni-Co LDHs hexagonal flakes on PPy/rGO to investigate the electrochemical performances of this electrode material. The as-obtained composite film endowed Ni2+ and combination of Co2+/Co3+ valence states. Interestingly, outstanding specific capacitance of 1018 F g-1 at 10 mV s-1 and specific energy of 46.5 Wh kg-1 at 464.9 W kg-1 were obtained in a symmetrical device. The works carried out in this study have shown that the LBL approach is an inspiring and promising way to produce high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors. Moreover, the presence of composite in each layer via this approach has increased the surface area of the material and synergy contribution of each material for the overall performances.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Kulandaivalu, Shalini
author_facet	Kulandaivalu, Shalini
author_sort	Kulandaivalu, Shalini
title	Layer-by-layer assembled conductive films based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polypyrrole composites for hybrid supercapacitors
title_short	Layer-by-layer assembled conductive films based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polypyrrole composites for hybrid supercapacitors
title_full	Layer-by-layer assembled conductive films based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polypyrrole composites for hybrid supercapacitors
title_fullStr	Layer-by-layer assembled conductive films based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polypyrrole composites for hybrid supercapacitors
title_full_unstemmed	Layer-by-layer assembled conductive films based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polypyrrole composites for hybrid supercapacitors
title_sort	layer-by-layer assembled conductive films based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polypyrrole composites for hybrid supercapacitors
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2019
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/83322/1/FS%202019%2070%20IR.pdf
_version_	1747813381081923584
spelling	my-upm-ir.833222020-09-09T04:55:10Z Layer-by-layer assembled conductive films based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polypyrrole composites for hybrid supercapacitors 2019-08 Kulandaivalu, Shalini Electrochemical supercapacitors are highly potential and environment-friendly storage system that widely used in electronic devices considered as a good solution to reduce the global environmental issues. A good electrochemical supercapacitor should possess remarkable specific energy, long shelf life, fast charge-discharge capacity and good specific power which can be improved by designing the electrode materials. In this study, the layer-by-layer (LBL) approach has been shown to be a viable option in the fabrication of electrode materials for supercapacitors. Two different preparation methods, electrodeposition (chronoamperometry) and vacuum filtration have been chosen to design the electrode materials. The focus was placed on multi-layered composition as electrode materials for a symmetrical supercapacitor device, where each layer was made of composites containing two or more materials. By carefully controlling the number of layers and the order of the layers, high-performance LBL assembled composite films have been obtained. X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy have been used to characterize the as-formed layered composites. In this work, different composition of materials consisting of conducting polymers, i.e. poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and polypyrrole (PPy), carbon-based materials, i.e. graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and nickel-cobalt layered double hydroxides (Ni-Co LDHs) were incorporated to form multilayered composites. The electrochemically deposited PEDOT/GO with PEDOT/NCC bilayer composite showed good performance with high specific capacitance (129.03 F g-1 at 25 mV s-1), good capacity retention (85% of initial value after 2000 cycles), remarkably low charge transfer resistance (4.02 Ω) and good specific power and specific energy compared to its individual binary hybrid nanocomposites. After replacing the PEDOT with PPy to form composite film via vacuum filtration method, the as-formed bilayer composite film showed good improvement in the supercapacitive performances. This bilayer film had a surface area of 42.88 m2 g-1, a mesoporosity system, and delivered a high specific capacitance of 562.9 F g-1 at 3 mV s-1 with a maximum specific energy of 19.3 Wh kg-1 and maximum specific power of 884.6 W kg-1. Subsequently, by substituting the second layer with MWCNTs/rGO/NCC, the film with mesopores (0.558 cm3 g-1) and specific surface area of 106.02 m2 g-1 exhibits a high specific capacitance of 882.2 F g-1 at 10 mV s-1, remarkable cycling stability of ~90% over 10000 cycles and a high specific energy of 44.6 Wh kg-1 with a high specific power of 2889.9 W kg-1. Another separate study has been carried out by layering Ni-Co LDHs hexagonal flakes on PPy/rGO to investigate the electrochemical performances of this electrode material. The as-obtained composite film endowed Ni2+ and combination of Co2+/Co3+ valence states. Interestingly, outstanding specific capacitance of 1018 F g-1 at 10 mV s-1 and specific energy of 46.5 Wh kg-1 at 464.9 W kg-1 were obtained in a symmetrical device. The works carried out in this study have shown that the LBL approach is an inspiring and promising way to produce high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors. Moreover, the presence of composite in each layer via this approach has increased the surface area of the material and synergy contribution of each material for the overall performances. Polymeric composites Electrolytic capacitors 2019-08 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/83322/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/83322/1/FS%202019%2070%20IR.pdf text en public doctoral Universiti Putra Malaysia Polymeric composites Electrolytic capacitors Sulaiman, Yusran

Layer-by-layer assembled conductive films based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polypyrrole composites for hybrid supercapacitors

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