Effects of total mixed ration with different levels of Lupinus angustifolius L. on growth performance and meat quality of male boer goats
As one of the major critical success factors in goat production, feed cost and its management have been given attention today to improve efficiencies and productivity of goat production. Total mixed ration (TMR) is an effective way of feeding goats by delivering a complete and nutritionally balan...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2018
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/90929/1/FPV%202019%2023%20IR.pdf |
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| Summary: | As one of the major critical success factors in goat production, feed cost and its
management have been given attention today to improve efficiencies and productivity of
goat production. Total mixed ration (TMR) is an effective way of feeding goats by
delivering a complete and nutritionally balanced diet for growing goats in intensive
production system. Lupin grain (lupin) has high protein and dietary fiber content with
minimal starch and glycemic index. Therefore, it has the potential as an alternative feed
ingredient for livestock. However, the comparative data on the performances of Boer
goat as affected by giving TMR with different level of lupin are still unavailable. Hence,
present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of TMR diets with different lupin
inclusion on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality traits of
Boer goat. Twenty-four Boer male goats, 8-9-month-old of 27.83 ± 0.52 kg live body
weight were allotted randomly into three treatment groups, namely CON, TMR A and
TMR B, of eight animals each. Total mixed ration (TMR) feeds were formulated at 0%,
10% and 30% of lupin inclusion for CON, TMR A and TMR B groups, respectively. The
TMR feeds were adjusted to be isocaloric (metabolizable energy: 10.3MJ/kg) and
isonitrogenous (crude protein: 16.3%). The animals were fed twice (9.30am and 2.30pm)
daily ad libitum during the 103-day feeding trial. All animals were humanely slaughtered
according to the Halal slaughtering procedure at the end of the feeding trial. Present study
showed that the total feed intake of TMR B (110.76 ± 3.57 kg) animals were significantly
lower (P<0.05) than those in CON (135.05 ± 5.04 kg) and TMR A (125.07 ± 3.60 kg)
groups. However, the final live weight, weight gained, and feed conversion ratio of the
animals were unaffected (P>0.05) by the experimental diets. In addition, experimental
diets also did not affect (P>0.05) the blood chemical content, carcass characteristics and
composition of the Boer goats. In this study, the intramuscular fat in the longissimus
dorsi (LD) muscle of TMR B (13.24 ± 1.28%) was lower (P<0.05) than that of CON
(21.05 ± 1.49%) and TMR A (19.63 ± 1.53%). There was insignificant difference
(P>0.05) in the other meat quality traits of the LD muscle among the experimental diets.
Meanwhile, the fatty acid composition of LD, biceps branchii (BB) and semitendinosus
(ST) muscles were affected by the experimental diets. In LD muscle, the proportions of lauric (C12:0), palmitoleic (C16:1) and linolenic (C18:3n-3) acids were significantly
affected (P<0.05) by the experimental diets. Whilst, the proportion of pentadecanoic acid
was significantly lower (P<0.05) in CON than that of TMR A in BB muscle. In ST
muscle, TMR B had higher (P<0.05) proportion of lauric acid than CON, while the
proportion of heptadecanoic acid was higher (P<0.05) in TMR A than that in TMR B.
The total saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and
polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) as well as the PUFA: SFA and n-6: n-3 ratios in all
the three skeletal muscles were unaffected (P>0.05) by the experimental diets. Present
findings demonstrated that feeding TMR diets with the up to 30% inclusion of lupin did
not adversely affect the growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of
Boer goats. Hence, this finding suggested that TMR feeding with up to 30% of lupin
inclusion is suitable for intensive farming of goats and serve as an alternative protein
source to the animals. |
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