Bioactive compounds from Ploiarium alternifolium (Theaceae) and Calophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae)

Chemical and cytotoxic studies were carried out on two plant species, Caiophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae) and Ploiarium alternifolium (Theaceae). The chemical investigations covered anthraquinones, triterpenes, xanthone and coumarins. These compounds were isolated using common chromatographic tech...

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Main Author:	Ng, Kim Nee
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2001
Subjects:	Bioactive compounds Theaceae Guttiferae
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/9229/1/FSAS_2001_15.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.9229
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spelling	my-upm-ir.92292024-02-13T02:13:51Z Bioactive compounds from Ploiarium alternifolium (Theaceae) and Calophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae) 2001-07 Ng, Kim Nee Chemical and cytotoxic studies were carried out on two plant species, Caiophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae) and Ploiarium alternifolium (Theaceae). The chemical investigations covered anthraquinones, triterpenes, xanthone and coumarins. These compounds were isolated using common chromatographic techniques and HPLC and identified using spectroscopic methods including 2-D NMR, GCMS, MS, IR andUV. Ploiarium alternifolium provided emodin, ploiariquinone A, 1,8-dihydroxy-3- methyl-6-methoxy-anthraquinone, 3 β-benzoyloxyolean-ll-en-13β,28-olide and euxanmodin C. Emodin and 1, 8-dihydroxy-3-metbyl-6-methoxy-antbraquinone have not been reported from Ploairium aiternifolium. Calophyllum mucigerum gave the common steroidal triterpenes friedelin and stigmasterol, a prenylated xanthone cudraxanthone C and two new coumarins mucigerin I and mucigerin II. The crude n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol stem bark extracts of both plants were screened for their larvicidal activity against the larvae of Aedes aegypti. The crude n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts for both of the plants were susceptible to the larvae of Aedes aegypti with LC₅₀ values of 95.0 µg/ml, 129.4 µg/ml and 131.6 µg/ml, respectively for Ploiarium alternifolium whereas 87.9 µg/ml, 138.5 µg/ml and 147.4 µg/ml, respectively for Calophyllum mucigerum. Larvicidal activity on the pure compound, emodin gave an LCso value of 2.79 µg/ml. The cytotoxicity, antibacterial and antifungal activities test were also carried out on the three crude extracts of both plants and also on the pure compounds. Cytotoxicities were determined by performing the microtitration assay. All the crude extracts were weakly cytotoxic towards the CEM-SS cell line except hexane extracts from C. mucigerum and P. alternifolium which gave moderate activity with IC₅₀ = 16.2 µg/ml and lC₅₀ = 19.2 µg/ml, respectively. The pure compound euxanmodin C was the most sensitive against the cell line with IC₅₀ = 5.9 µg/ml. The antimicrobial activity was tested using the modified disc diffusion method. The crude extracts from both plants also showed different antimicrobial activity against the growth of four bacteria; Bacillus subtiUs mutant, Bacillus subtilis wild type, Staphyloccus aures and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, these crude extracts were weakly active against the bacteria with less than 10 mm diameter inhibition zone. Bioactive compounds Theaceae Guttiferae 2001-07 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/9229/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/9229/1/FSAS_2001_15.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Bioactive compounds Theaceae Guttiferae Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Ee, Gwendoline Cheng Lian English
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English English
advisor	Ee, Gwendoline Cheng Lian
topic	Bioactive compounds Theaceae Guttiferae
spellingShingle	Bioactive compounds Theaceae Guttiferae Ng, Kim Nee Bioactive compounds from Ploiarium alternifolium (Theaceae) and Calophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae)
description	Chemical and cytotoxic studies were carried out on two plant species, Caiophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae) and Ploiarium alternifolium (Theaceae). The chemical investigations covered anthraquinones, triterpenes, xanthone and coumarins. These compounds were isolated using common chromatographic techniques and HPLC and identified using spectroscopic methods including 2-D NMR, GCMS, MS, IR andUV. Ploiarium alternifolium provided emodin, ploiariquinone A, 1,8-dihydroxy-3- methyl-6-methoxy-anthraquinone, 3 β-benzoyloxyolean-ll-en-13β,28-olide and euxanmodin C. Emodin and 1, 8-dihydroxy-3-metbyl-6-methoxy-antbraquinone have not been reported from Ploairium aiternifolium. Calophyllum mucigerum gave the common steroidal triterpenes friedelin and stigmasterol, a prenylated xanthone cudraxanthone C and two new coumarins mucigerin I and mucigerin II. The crude n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol stem bark extracts of both plants were screened for their larvicidal activity against the larvae of Aedes aegypti. The crude n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts for both of the plants were susceptible to the larvae of Aedes aegypti with LC₅₀ values of 95.0 µg/ml, 129.4 µg/ml and 131.6 µg/ml, respectively for Ploiarium alternifolium whereas 87.9 µg/ml, 138.5 µg/ml and 147.4 µg/ml, respectively for Calophyllum mucigerum. Larvicidal activity on the pure compound, emodin gave an LCso value of 2.79 µg/ml. The cytotoxicity, antibacterial and antifungal activities test were also carried out on the three crude extracts of both plants and also on the pure compounds. Cytotoxicities were determined by performing the microtitration assay. All the crude extracts were weakly cytotoxic towards the CEM-SS cell line except hexane extracts from C. mucigerum and P. alternifolium which gave moderate activity with IC₅₀ = 16.2 µg/ml and lC₅₀ = 19.2 µg/ml, respectively. The pure compound euxanmodin C was the most sensitive against the cell line with IC₅₀ = 5.9 µg/ml. The antimicrobial activity was tested using the modified disc diffusion method. The crude extracts from both plants also showed different antimicrobial activity against the growth of four bacteria; Bacillus subtiUs mutant, Bacillus subtilis wild type, Staphyloccus aures and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, these crude extracts were weakly active against the bacteria with less than 10 mm diameter inhibition zone.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Ng, Kim Nee
author_facet	Ng, Kim Nee
author_sort	Ng, Kim Nee
title	Bioactive compounds from Ploiarium alternifolium (Theaceae) and Calophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae)
title_short	Bioactive compounds from Ploiarium alternifolium (Theaceae) and Calophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae)
title_full	Bioactive compounds from Ploiarium alternifolium (Theaceae) and Calophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae)
title_fullStr	Bioactive compounds from Ploiarium alternifolium (Theaceae) and Calophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae)
title_full_unstemmed	Bioactive compounds from Ploiarium alternifolium (Theaceae) and Calophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae)
title_sort	bioactive compounds from ploiarium alternifolium (theaceae) and calophyllum mucigerum (guttiferae)
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies
publishDate	2001
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/9229/1/FSAS_2001_15.pdf
_version_	1794018806214950912

Bioactive compounds from Ploiarium alternifolium (Theaceae) and Calophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae)

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