Extraction and characterization of amino acids and proteins from wastes of threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791)
Fish such as Nemipterus japonicus is over-exploited in Malaysia and the amounts of this fish species processing wastes are staggering. The wastes are land-filled, ground and discarded or otherwise denied from human or animal consumptions, even though the wastes are still rich in proteins. This...
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my-upm-ir.978552022-07-05T08:41:04Z Extraction and characterization of amino acids and proteins from wastes of threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) 2019-11 Yahaya, Noorsuliya Raihan Fish such as Nemipterus japonicus is over-exploited in Malaysia and the amounts of this fish species processing wastes are staggering. The wastes are land-filled, ground and discarded or otherwise denied from human or animal consumptions, even though the wastes are still rich in proteins. This is due to the lack of methodologies to recover proteins from wastes from this species. Therefore, this study aimed at extraction of protein from the wastes of the threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus using pH shift solubilization and precipitation processes and evaluation of the influencing factors on protein extraction. Towards this objective, the wastes of head, skin and internal organs were collected and their nutritional composition evaluated. Furthermore, the ratio of waste: water for protein extraction was screened and the effect of pH, centrifugation speed and time on protein solubility rate, the amino acid composition and the molecular weight of proteins via SDS-PAGE were determined. Results demonstrated that moisture was the highest percentage (~70-78%) of all wastes. Highest protein content (19.67±1.10%), fat content (1.81±0.09%) and carbohydrate content (4.43±0.23%) were observed in skin, head and internal organs, respectively. The optimum ratio of waste: water for protein extraction is 1:9 for head, 1:8 for internal organs and 1:6 for skin. The protein extraction efficiently for all three samples were high at pH 3 and pH 12. Protein solubility increased with increased centrifugation speed up to 10,000 ×g, and there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the protein solubility at 10,000 ×g and 20,000 ×g. Furthermore, there was significant difference (P<0.05) between protein solubility with increased centrifugation time. There is no significant difference (P>0.05) in protein yield between the alkaline and the acid process for heads and skin while protein yield in the alkaline and acid process for internal organ is significantly different (P<0.05). Alkaline process showed a remarkably higher amino acid content as compared to that of acid version. Glutamic acid and lysine were found higher compared to other amino acids. The molecular weight of proteins isolated in this study were low (<100 KDa). Amino acids - Analysis Protein hydrolysates Polynemidae 2019-11 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97855/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97855/1/IPPH%202020%204%20UPMIR.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Amino acids - Analysis Protein hydrolysates Polynemidae Mustafa, Shuhaimi |
| institution |
Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| collection |
PSAS Institutional Repository |
| language |
English |
| advisor |
Mustafa, Shuhaimi |
| topic |
Amino acids - Analysis Protein hydrolysates Polynemidae |
| spellingShingle |
Amino acids - Analysis Protein hydrolysates Polynemidae Yahaya, Noorsuliya Raihan Extraction and characterization of amino acids and proteins from wastes of threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) |
| description |
Fish such as Nemipterus japonicus is over-exploited in Malaysia and the
amounts of this fish species processing wastes are staggering. The wastes are
land-filled, ground and discarded or otherwise denied from human or animal
consumptions, even though the wastes are still rich in proteins. This is due to the
lack of methodologies to recover proteins from wastes from this species.
Therefore, this study aimed at extraction of protein from the wastes of the
threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus using pH shift solubilization and
precipitation processes and evaluation of the influencing factors on protein
extraction. Towards this objective, the wastes of head, skin and internal organs
were collected and their nutritional composition evaluated. Furthermore, the ratio
of waste: water for protein extraction was screened and the effect of pH,
centrifugation speed and time on protein solubility rate, the amino acid
composition and the molecular weight of proteins via SDS-PAGE were
determined. Results demonstrated that moisture was the highest percentage
(~70-78%) of all wastes. Highest protein content (19.67±1.10%), fat content
(1.81±0.09%) and carbohydrate content (4.43±0.23%) were observed in skin,
head and internal organs, respectively. The optimum ratio of waste: water for
protein extraction is 1:9 for head, 1:8 for internal organs and 1:6 for skin. The
protein extraction efficiently for all three samples were high at pH 3 and pH 12.
Protein solubility increased with increased centrifugation speed up to 10,000 ×g,
and there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the protein solubility at
10,000 ×g and 20,000 ×g. Furthermore, there was significant difference (P<0.05)
between protein solubility with increased centrifugation time. There is no
significant difference (P>0.05) in protein yield between the alkaline and the acid
process for heads and skin while protein yield in the alkaline and acid process
for internal organ is significantly different (P<0.05). Alkaline process showed a
remarkably higher amino acid content as compared to that of acid version. Glutamic acid and lysine were found higher compared to other amino acids. The
molecular weight of proteins isolated in this study were low (<100 KDa). |
| format |
Thesis |
| qualification_level |
Master's degree |
| author |
Yahaya, Noorsuliya Raihan |
| author_facet |
Yahaya, Noorsuliya Raihan |
| author_sort |
Yahaya, Noorsuliya Raihan |
| title |
Extraction and characterization of amino acids and proteins from wastes of threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) |
| title_short |
Extraction and characterization of amino acids and proteins from wastes of threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) |
| title_full |
Extraction and characterization of amino acids and proteins from wastes of threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) |
| title_fullStr |
Extraction and characterization of amino acids and proteins from wastes of threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Extraction and characterization of amino acids and proteins from wastes of threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) |
| title_sort |
extraction and characterization of amino acids and proteins from wastes of threadfin bream, nemipterus japonicus (bloch, 1791) |
| granting_institution |
Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| publishDate |
2019 |
| url |
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97855/1/IPPH%202020%204%20UPMIR.pdf |
| _version_ |
1747813815273127936 |