Development of integrated biorefinery model for the production of bioethanol from oil palm frond
Application of an efficient pretreatment step is crucial in developing a viable biorefinery system for the production of lignocellulosic bioethanol. Subcritical hydrothermal appears as an economic pretreatment method with high sugar recovery. However, there were limited reports on its applicat...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97860/1/FK%202021%2036%20UPMIR.pdf |
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| Summary: | Application of an efficient pretreatment step is crucial in developing a viable
biorefinery system for the production of lignocellulosic bioethanol. Subcritical
hydrothermal appears as an economic pretreatment method with high sugar
recovery. However, there were limited reports on its application with carbon
dioxide (CO2) addition, particularly on oil palm biomass, hence this area should
be explored. Moreover, by understanding the mechanism of hemicellulose
degradation during pretreatment, the sugar produced hence bioethanol yield
could be maximized. Although the integrated biorefinery approach for the
production of bioethanol from oil palm frond (OPF) at the oil palm mill was
reported promising, assessment of its environmental impact was equally
important. Therefore, in this study, subcritical hydrothermal pretreatment of
OPF pressed fiber (OPFPF) was conducted using stainless steel tube reactor
and miniclave at various temperature, time and CO2 pressure, to evaluate the
effect of CO2 addition on glucose production. Similarly, a kinetic study was
performed to determine the kinetics of hemicellulose (xylan) degradation
during the pretreatment using miniclave. In addition, the environmental and
economic viability of integrated biorefinery model for bioethanol production
from OPF was assessed by Life Cycle Analysis and cost analysis, each, based
on three different case studies. Maximum glucose yield of 57.1% (g/g OPFPF)
was obtained with application of tube reactor at 180°C, 1 MPa CO2 for 20 min,
and further enhanced to 78.6% using miniclave at similar temperature and
pressure for 30 min. Moreover, the rise of temperature and CO2 addition was
found to improve the xylan autohydrolysis, with 180°C and 0.5 MPa CO2 as
the most suitable condition for high glucose recovery from OPFPF.
Furthermore, the integrated biorefinery model for the production of bioethanol
from the OPF juice offers the best environmental and economic approach with
production cost of $0.25/ L. Based on this study, subcritical hydrothermal pretreatment is a promising method for application at the integrated biorefinery
system at the oil palm mill in the future. |
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