Clinical pathology and radiological assesment of feline chronic gingivostomatitis
Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a severe inflammatory oral disease of cats that often refractory to treatment. The etiology is unknown but it has been attributed to bacterial agents, viral agents, and immunologic factors. The association of FCGS to dentoalveolar lesions is poorly de...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97874/1/FPV%202021%206%20UPMIR.pdf |
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| Summary: | Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a severe inflammatory oral disease of cats
that often refractory to treatment. The etiology is unknown but it has been attributed to
bacterial agents, viral agents, and immunologic factors. The association of FCGS to
dentoalveolar lesions is poorly defined. This study presents the clinical, pathological,
immunofluorescence, and computed tomographic findings of 15 cats with FCGS and 7
without FCGS. Clinical examination of the oral cavity was performed and oral
pathological lesions were recorded. Blood, oral swab, and excisional biopsy from
palatoglossal fold were collected under general anesthesia. Histopathological analysis
and immunofluorescence staining for immune cells, CD4 and CD8 were performed on
the oral tissue biopsies. The swab samples were analyzed for the presence of
Bartonella henselae and Pasteurella multocida using PCR and bacteria culture,
respectively. Blood was subjected to hematological and biochemical analysis and
screened for feline calicivirus (FCV), feline herpesvirus (FHV), feline
immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and feline leukemia virus (FeLV). Computed
tomography (CT scan) was performed to elaborate on the dentoalveolar lesions. The
main clinical findings were halitosis (73.3%), Anorexia (60%), dysphagia (53.3%),
bleeding gum (33.3%), weight loss (26.7%), and ptyalism (20%). CT scan revealed
different types of dentoalveolar lesions where furcation (73.3%), edentulous (66.6%),
horizontal bone loss (66.6%), dental resorption (53.3%), vertical bone loss (40%),
fracture (33.3%), and impacted tooth (13.3%). Viral screening was positive for FCV
(86.6%), FHV (73.3%), FIV (22.2%) and FeLV (5.6%). The blood and oral swabs
were negative for Bartonella henselae. Histopathologically, the excisional biopsies
were characterized by the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the epithelium and
lamina propria. It is worthy to note that, the present study reveals that, viruses like
FCV, FHV, and FIV contribute greatly to the cause of FCGS and the study also
discovered that, FCGS is associated with various types of dentoalveolar lesions. |
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