Optimization of Biohydrogen Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Natural Microflora

Biohydrogen is a promising clean fuel as it is ultimately derived from renewable energy sources. It is environmental friendly since it burns to water, gives high energy yield, and can be produced by less energy-intensive processes. Anaerobic treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) was chosen t...

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Main Author:	Rasdi, Zatilfarihiah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2009
Subjects:	Hydrogen - Biotechnology Palm - oil mill effluent
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/9825/1/FBSB_2009_32_A.pdf
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spelling	my-upm-ir.98252013-05-27T07:43:53Z Optimization of Biohydrogen Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Natural Microflora 2009-11 Rasdi, Zatilfarihiah Biohydrogen is a promising clean fuel as it is ultimately derived from renewable energy sources. It is environmental friendly since it burns to water, gives high energy yield, and can be produced by less energy-intensive processes. Anaerobic treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) was chosen to produce biohydrogen as POME is a commercially known waste that is such a burden to the industry and the environment. In this study, POME sludge was used as an inoculum to produce biohydrogen from POME. Heat-treated POME sludge acclimatised with POME incubated at 37°C for 24 h was used as a seed culture. Preliminary screening on the effects of inocula size, heat treatment, substrate concentration and pH of incubation by using a factorial design (FD) were conducted under mesophilic condition (37°C) using a serum vial (160 mL). The experimental results from two-level FD showed that pH and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of POME as substrate concentration significantly affected biohydrogen production. Optimizations of the specific hydrogen production (Ps) and the hydrogen production rate (Rm) were carried out by using a central composite design (CCD). The maximum Ps of 270 mL H2/g carbohydrate and Rm of 98 mL H2/h were obtained under optimum conditions of pH 5.86 and substrate concentration of 80 g/L. The optimized conditions obtained were subjected to a confirmation run and it showed a reproducible data with Ps of 282 mL H2/g carbohydrate and Rm of 137 mL H2/h. For the second part of experiment, 2-L of bioreactor was employed for the production of biohydrogen with and without pH control. The optimum conditions obtained in the serum vial were applied in the bioreactor. The results obtained for uncontrolled pH experiment generated 1.3 L biogas/L medium. Throughout the fermentation, no methane-gas was detected. The biohydrogen yield (Ps) was approximately 1 L H2/L medium, with hydrogen production rate (Rm) at 112 mL H2/h. For the controlled pH experiment, pH was controlled manually every 3 h at 5.86. The biogas generated from the fermentation was 2.5 L/L medium, which is almost 2-fold of biogas production from uncontrolled pH experiment. The Ps and Rm generated were 1.3 L H2/L medium and 144 mL H2/h, respectively. Hydrogen - Biotechnology Palm - oil mill effluent 2009-11 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/9825/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/9825/1/FBSB_2009_32_A.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Hydrogen - Biotechnology Palm - oil mill effluent Faculty Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences English
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English English
topic	Hydrogen - Biotechnology Palm - oil mill effluent
spellingShingle	Hydrogen - Biotechnology Palm - oil mill effluent Rasdi, Zatilfarihiah Optimization of Biohydrogen Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Natural Microflora
description	Biohydrogen is a promising clean fuel as it is ultimately derived from renewable energy sources. It is environmental friendly since it burns to water, gives high energy yield, and can be produced by less energy-intensive processes. Anaerobic treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) was chosen to produce biohydrogen as POME is a commercially known waste that is such a burden to the industry and the environment. In this study, POME sludge was used as an inoculum to produce biohydrogen from POME. Heat-treated POME sludge acclimatised with POME incubated at 37°C for 24 h was used as a seed culture. Preliminary screening on the effects of inocula size, heat treatment, substrate concentration and pH of incubation by using a factorial design (FD) were conducted under mesophilic condition (37°C) using a serum vial (160 mL). The experimental results from two-level FD showed that pH and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of POME as substrate concentration significantly affected biohydrogen production. Optimizations of the specific hydrogen production (Ps) and the hydrogen production rate (Rm) were carried out by using a central composite design (CCD). The maximum Ps of 270 mL H2/g carbohydrate and Rm of 98 mL H2/h were obtained under optimum conditions of pH 5.86 and substrate concentration of 80 g/L. The optimized conditions obtained were subjected to a confirmation run and it showed a reproducible data with Ps of 282 mL H2/g carbohydrate and Rm of 137 mL H2/h. For the second part of experiment, 2-L of bioreactor was employed for the production of biohydrogen with and without pH control. The optimum conditions obtained in the serum vial were applied in the bioreactor. The results obtained for uncontrolled pH experiment generated 1.3 L biogas/L medium. Throughout the fermentation, no methane-gas was detected. The biohydrogen yield (Ps) was approximately 1 L H2/L medium, with hydrogen production rate (Rm) at 112 mL H2/h. For the controlled pH experiment, pH was controlled manually every 3 h at 5.86. The biogas generated from the fermentation was 2.5 L/L medium, which is almost 2-fold of biogas production from uncontrolled pH experiment. The Ps and Rm generated were 1.3 L H2/L medium and 144 mL H2/h, respectively.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Rasdi, Zatilfarihiah
author_facet	Rasdi, Zatilfarihiah
author_sort	Rasdi, Zatilfarihiah
title	Optimization of Biohydrogen Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Natural Microflora
title_short	Optimization of Biohydrogen Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Natural Microflora
title_full	Optimization of Biohydrogen Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Natural Microflora
title_fullStr	Optimization of Biohydrogen Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Natural Microflora
title_full_unstemmed	Optimization of Biohydrogen Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Natural Microflora
title_sort	optimization of biohydrogen production from palm oil mill effluent by natural microflora
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences
publishDate	2009
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/9825/1/FBSB_2009_32_A.pdf
_version_	1747811003540701184

Optimization of Biohydrogen Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Natural Microflora

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