Environmental characterization on anuran assemblage in two habitat types of Terla Forest Reserve

Forest conversion to agricultural farmland modifies land into small patches, making amphibians more dependable to external environmental changes. Besides, monitoring studies of the restoration process in birds and mammals are greater compared to anuran studies. A study on anuran between two habitat...

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Main Author:	Simon, Nadia
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2020
Subjects:	Anura - Habitat - Malaysia
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/99546/1/FS%202021%2062%20UPMIR.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.99546
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spelling	my-upm-ir.995462023-04-11T00:59:06Z Environmental characterization on anuran assemblage in two habitat types of Terla Forest Reserve 2020-07 Simon, Nadia Forest conversion to agricultural farmland modifies land into small patches, making amphibians more dependable to external environmental changes. Besides, monitoring studies of the restoration process in birds and mammals are greater compared to anuran studies. A study on anuran between two habitat types was conducted in Cameron Highlands from June 2018 until February 2019 to investigate the species diversity, richness, evenness, distribution, the relationship between environmental characteristics to anuran assemblage, and species indicator. Ten permanent quadrats measuring 25 m x 25 m were installed in the restoration area. While 400 m transect line with an interval distance of 20 m were carried out in the adjacent forest. A total of 15 species of anuran belonging to six families was recorded in both habitats. Duttaphrynus melanostictus (56.0%) and Rhacophorus bipunctatus (43.7%) were the highest captured in the restoration site and forest respectively. The Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index, (H’) showed high species diversity in the forest (H’= 1.71). However, the species evenness in the forest is low (E= 0.42). Microhabitat structures showed a significant trend with the anuran species; horizontal position (F= 1.18, p< 0.05), vertical position (F= 1.45, p< 0.05), and substrate position (F= 1.15, p< 0.05). However, soil moisture and soil pH were insignificant (F= 0.1, p> 0.05). The vegetation percentage cover was statistically significant with the anuran abundance, (F= 1.56, p< 0.05). The macroclimate factors such as relative humidity (rs= -0.34, p< 0.05), wind speed (rs= 0.43, p< 0.05), and rainfall (rs= 0.07, p< 0.05) have a significant but weaker correlations with the species richness in both habitats. Correlation analysis for microclimatic factors (temperature, relative humidity) in the restoration showed temperature (rs= -0.65, p< 0.05) has a strong negative correlation to the abundance of D. melanostictus and relative humidity (rs= 0.51, p< 0.05) has a strong positive correlation to Polypedates leucomystax, whereas in the forest, relative humidity (rs= -0.93, p< 0.05) has a very strong negative correlation to Microhyla annectens. Duttaphrynus melanostictus and P. leucomystax in restoration area and R. bipunctatus in the adjacent forest were identified as best indicator species. Restoration area has great potential of harbouring more species diversity. Therefore, these findings provide an understanding of the habitat requirements needed by the anuran inhabiting a degraded forest. Anura - Habitat - Malaysia 2020-07 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/99546/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/99546/1/FS%202021%2062%20UPMIR.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Anura - Habitat - Malaysia Mohd. Top @ Mohd. Tah, Marina
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Mohd. Top @ Mohd. Tah, Marina
topic	Anura - Habitat - Malaysia
spellingShingle	Anura - Habitat - Malaysia Simon, Nadia Environmental characterization on anuran assemblage in two habitat types of Terla Forest Reserve
description	Forest conversion to agricultural farmland modifies land into small patches, making amphibians more dependable to external environmental changes. Besides, monitoring studies of the restoration process in birds and mammals are greater compared to anuran studies. A study on anuran between two habitat types was conducted in Cameron Highlands from June 2018 until February 2019 to investigate the species diversity, richness, evenness, distribution, the relationship between environmental characteristics to anuran assemblage, and species indicator. Ten permanent quadrats measuring 25 m x 25 m were installed in the restoration area. While 400 m transect line with an interval distance of 20 m were carried out in the adjacent forest. A total of 15 species of anuran belonging to six families was recorded in both habitats. Duttaphrynus melanostictus (56.0%) and Rhacophorus bipunctatus (43.7%) were the highest captured in the restoration site and forest respectively. The Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index, (H’) showed high species diversity in the forest (H’= 1.71). However, the species evenness in the forest is low (E= 0.42). Microhabitat structures showed a significant trend with the anuran species; horizontal position (F= 1.18, p< 0.05), vertical position (F= 1.45, p< 0.05), and substrate position (F= 1.15, p< 0.05). However, soil moisture and soil pH were insignificant (F= 0.1, p> 0.05). The vegetation percentage cover was statistically significant with the anuran abundance, (F= 1.56, p< 0.05). The macroclimate factors such as relative humidity (rs= -0.34, p< 0.05), wind speed (rs= 0.43, p< 0.05), and rainfall (rs= 0.07, p< 0.05) have a significant but weaker correlations with the species richness in both habitats. Correlation analysis for microclimatic factors (temperature, relative humidity) in the restoration showed temperature (rs= -0.65, p< 0.05) has a strong negative correlation to the abundance of D. melanostictus and relative humidity (rs= 0.51, p< 0.05) has a strong positive correlation to Polypedates leucomystax, whereas in the forest, relative humidity (rs= -0.93, p< 0.05) has a very strong negative correlation to Microhyla annectens. Duttaphrynus melanostictus and P. leucomystax in restoration area and R. bipunctatus in the adjacent forest were identified as best indicator species. Restoration area has great potential of harbouring more species diversity. Therefore, these findings provide an understanding of the habitat requirements needed by the anuran inhabiting a degraded forest.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Simon, Nadia
author_facet	Simon, Nadia
author_sort	Simon, Nadia
title	Environmental characterization on anuran assemblage in two habitat types of Terla Forest Reserve
title_short	Environmental characterization on anuran assemblage in two habitat types of Terla Forest Reserve
title_full	Environmental characterization on anuran assemblage in two habitat types of Terla Forest Reserve
title_fullStr	Environmental characterization on anuran assemblage in two habitat types of Terla Forest Reserve
title_full_unstemmed	Environmental characterization on anuran assemblage in two habitat types of Terla Forest Reserve
title_sort	environmental characterization on anuran assemblage in two habitat types of terla forest reserve
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2020
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/99546/1/FS%202021%2062%20UPMIR.pdf
_version_	1776100341471772672

Environmental characterization on anuran assemblage in two habitat types of Terla Forest Reserve

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