Supercapacitors Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Hybrid Polymer Electrolytes
The importance of supercapacitors cannot be over emphasized, especially in this current era of search for an improved energy storage device that is mechanically flexible, more lightweight, and more compact for use in a significant number of applications; from wearable energy that could be incorporat...
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Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia |
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Supercapacitors Electrode Carbon Nanotube Hybrid polymer Electrolyte Carboxyl |
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Supercapacitors Electrode Carbon Nanotube Hybrid polymer Electrolyte Carboxyl Lawal Sa'adu Supercapacitors Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Hybrid Polymer Electrolytes |
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The importance of supercapacitors cannot be over emphasized, especially in this current era of search for an improved energy storage device that is mechanically flexible, more lightweight, and more compact for use in a significant number of applications; from wearable energy that could be incorporated into garments, to space applications where the cost by weight and volume is huge. Supercapacitors are very attractive for portable electronics as well as automotive applications due to their high specific power and durability. This research focuses on fabrication of supercapacitor cells using carbon nanotube as the main active electrode material and hybrid polymer electrolyte as the separator. 90 % of each of the following commercially prepared carbon nanotubes namely; Carboxyl, Hydroxyl and the Normal CNTs and 10 % of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) as a binder have been selected for the electrode film. On the other hand, two different types of aqueous polymer electrolytes - Pure Solid Polymer Electrolyte (PSPE) and Hybrid Solid Polymer Electrolytes (HSPE) (incorporated with cellulose filter paper) - were prepared from the solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4) in different percentage ratios from 0 wt. % to 70 with. %. Conductivity studies conducted at room temperature shows that the electrolyte made from HSPE delivered the highest conductivity of 1.67 x 10-3. Scm-1 as against PSPE (2.56 x 10-3 Scm-1). Based on these results and having noticed the potentials the HSPE had over PSPE, Supercapacitors cells were fabricated from 50, 60 and 70 wt.% of phosphoric acid in PVA/H3PO4/cellulose blends (i.e. H50,H60 and H70). All the supercapacitors cells have been tested for their cyclic behaviors and galvanostatic charge-discharge (CD). Of the Nine succesfully fabricated cells (three from each sample of CNTs), C90H70 (i.e. Cell - C (C90PVdF-HFP10 |H70| C90PVdF-HFP10)) delivered the highest capacitance of 313 Fg-1 when calculated using cyclic voltammetry within the electrochemical voltage window of 0.0 - 1V. However, when measured by galvanostatic CD, its effective capacitance, energy and power densities obtained are 153 Fg-1, 76.50 Whg-1 and 1.00 Wg-1 respectively, and attained the overall columbic efficiency of 93.8 % with more than 5000 cycleability. Other important tests conducted on both samples of electrode and electrolytes are Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Field Emmisison Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). |
| format |
Thesis |
| author |
Lawal Sa'adu |
| author_facet |
Lawal Sa'adu |
| author_sort |
Lawal Sa'adu |
| title |
Supercapacitors Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Hybrid Polymer Electrolytes |
| title_short |
Supercapacitors Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Hybrid Polymer Electrolytes |
| title_full |
Supercapacitors Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Hybrid Polymer Electrolytes |
| title_fullStr |
Supercapacitors Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Hybrid Polymer Electrolytes |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Supercapacitors Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Hybrid Polymer Electrolytes |
| title_sort |
supercapacitors based on carbon nanotubes and hybrid polymer electrolytes |
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Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia |
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my-usim-ddms-129372024-05-29T18:01:05Z Supercapacitors Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Hybrid Polymer Electrolytes Lawal Sa'adu The importance of supercapacitors cannot be over emphasized, especially in this current era of search for an improved energy storage device that is mechanically flexible, more lightweight, and more compact for use in a significant number of applications; from wearable energy that could be incorporated into garments, to space applications where the cost by weight and volume is huge. Supercapacitors are very attractive for portable electronics as well as automotive applications due to their high specific power and durability. This research focuses on fabrication of supercapacitor cells using carbon nanotube as the main active electrode material and hybrid polymer electrolyte as the separator. 90 % of each of the following commercially prepared carbon nanotubes namely; Carboxyl, Hydroxyl and the Normal CNTs and 10 % of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) as a binder have been selected for the electrode film. On the other hand, two different types of aqueous polymer electrolytes - Pure Solid Polymer Electrolyte (PSPE) and Hybrid Solid Polymer Electrolytes (HSPE) (incorporated with cellulose filter paper) - were prepared from the solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4) in different percentage ratios from 0 wt. % to 70 with. %. Conductivity studies conducted at room temperature shows that the electrolyte made from HSPE delivered the highest conductivity of 1.67 x 10-3. Scm-1 as against PSPE (2.56 x 10-3 Scm-1). Based on these results and having noticed the potentials the HSPE had over PSPE, Supercapacitors cells were fabricated from 50, 60 and 70 wt.% of phosphoric acid in PVA/H3PO4/cellulose blends (i.e. H50,H60 and H70). All the supercapacitors cells have been tested for their cyclic behaviors and galvanostatic charge-discharge (CD). Of the Nine succesfully fabricated cells (three from each sample of CNTs), C90H70 (i.e. Cell - C (C90PVdF-HFP10 |H70| C90PVdF-HFP10)) delivered the highest capacitance of 313 Fg-1 when calculated using cyclic voltammetry within the electrochemical voltage window of 0.0 - 1V. However, when measured by galvanostatic CD, its effective capacitance, energy and power densities obtained are 153 Fg-1, 76.50 Whg-1 and 1.00 Wg-1 respectively, and attained the overall columbic efficiency of 93.8 % with more than 5000 cycleability. Other important tests conducted on both samples of electrode and electrolytes are Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Field Emmisison Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia 2014-09 Thesis en_US https://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/12937 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/6816dbc7-75a0-4c31-b9ea-165703d5c8b5/download 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/2b0e75e3-cf39-4e9c-b82c-892572a7d6d8/download 6827564f9d7248312b2452d8ccaec897 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/99c5634c-f8f9-48ef-b1d8-a43331bf7812/download 05ba2b7eeaee26f6d0510a2aec6dc1b4 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/2b5f3736-5fa5-486c-9f41-3afba5028660/download c554fa41343f6fb4755b82ec6880a90d https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/a13ab6d0-4e5e-43d3-a649-2bf3a612c4ea/download 5e765875e20e14cff1b2d711efc85086 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/0ff910f2-e027-471b-88f8-58fdff8082ad/download 34a56e2df4fe57627501a581505ee252 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/2e6277d8-32e4-4415-b283-9653e3745fdb/download 38f205306741b0443b21ef2867a85bfc https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/1edae3a8-ccca-4900-bd03-0830cbede387/download c7b809e7e41a53f0ad04a23cc4d50b66 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/a95b206b-f2b6-4941-88bd-2a2078092e07/download cb87881e48accbe3bcb684ae94c58714 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/c5fb3500-12e5-4e45-adf7-209893d5f587/download 11491d5df1b9b21019e925e90b343c53 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/b8736273-941b-45ca-93c0-61ae99201d43/download 68b329da9893e34099c7d8ad5cb9c940 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/0da22703-f34d-4e65-81ca-1483502ef857/download b19774ded82276013550e6fa6b643eaa https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/dab32761-239b-4aa7-8c67-2a9c222a45ff/download 8d1b69dd9bdc9df4a8073c7a8193c7af https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/4db24c7b-0bdc-4bbc-bfb8-de4eed04d25e/download e7e403acd248afe9eff5396f0fad9807 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/1f002cea-cb06-4898-a297-b1b44594c882/download 36c6f0b2061da514c400c0bc2749b5cf https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/220b0d15-4644-48cd-b164-a66b2933ea97/download 4cd8a303e123f0d6276cf3716359a9b0 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/fa00c6f2-af1c-41a1-b198-aec210406bc3/download cc9067c2ee470dc248b14b194209a34e https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/da442f95-7fc7-457e-a930-7e65715ea2a5/download 6cccda74febad7705949cb89ee2669dd https://oarep.usim.edu.my/bitstreams/fba1d8b0-6628-4896-b183-6039a0220441/download 3c29bdaa02dbfd17322f32164bee12be Supercapacitors Electrode Carbon Nanotube Hybrid polymer Electrolyte Carboxyl |