Development Of A Liquid Phase Microextraction Technique For The Gas Chromatographic Determination Of Fatty Acids In Vegetable Oils

This thesis is focused on the development of a two phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction technique, followed by gas-chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) for the profiling of the fatty acids (FAs) (lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic...

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Main Author:	Gan, Hui Siang
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	QD1-999 Chemistry
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/45633/1/GAN%20HUI%20SIANG_HJ.pdf
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spelling	my-usm-ep.456332019-10-15T01:26:42Z Development Of A Liquid Phase Microextraction Technique For The Gas Chromatographic Determination Of Fatty Acids In Vegetable Oils 2012-02 Gan, Hui Siang QD1-999 Chemistry This thesis is focused on the development of a two phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction technique, followed by gas-chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) for the profiling of the fatty acids (FAs) (lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic and arachidic) in vegetable oils. Heptadecanoic acid methyl ester was used as the internal standard. The FAs were transesterified by a two step method to their corresponding methyl esters prior to the extraction. Extraction parameters such as type of extracting solvent, temperature, extraction time, stirring speed and salt addition were studied and optimized. Recommended conditions were: extraction solvent, n-tridecane; extraction time, 35 min; stirring rate, 1700 rpm; extraction temperature, ambient; without addition of salt. The analytes were extracted from 10 mL donor phase through 5 μL of an organic solvent immobilized in the pores of a porous polypropylene hollow fiber and then into the acceptor phase present inside the hollow fiber. Enrichment factors varying from 37 to 115 were achieved. Calibration curves for the nine FAs were well correlated (r2 > 0.994) within the range of 10–5000 μg L−1. The limit of detection (signal: noise, 3) was 4.73 – 13.21 ng L−1. The results presented show that the hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction techniques can serve as excellent alternative methods to conventional sample preparation techniques or other microextraction in the analysis of FAs. The method was successfully applied to the profiling of the FAs in palm oils (crude, olein, kernel, carotino cooking oil) and other vegetable oils (soybean, olive, coconut, rice bran and pumpkin). The encouraging enrichments achieved offer an interesting option for the profiling of the minor and major FAs in palm and other vegetable oils. 2012-02 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/45633/ http://eprints.usm.my/45633/1/GAN%20HUI%20SIANG_HJ.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QD1-999 Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD1-999 Chemistry Gan, Hui Siang Development Of A Liquid Phase Microextraction Technique For The Gas Chromatographic Determination Of Fatty Acids In Vegetable Oils
description	This thesis is focused on the development of a two phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction technique, followed by gas-chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) for the profiling of the fatty acids (FAs) (lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic and arachidic) in vegetable oils. Heptadecanoic acid methyl ester was used as the internal standard. The FAs were transesterified by a two step method to their corresponding methyl esters prior to the extraction. Extraction parameters such as type of extracting solvent, temperature, extraction time, stirring speed and salt addition were studied and optimized. Recommended conditions were: extraction solvent, n-tridecane; extraction time, 35 min; stirring rate, 1700 rpm; extraction temperature, ambient; without addition of salt. The analytes were extracted from 10 mL donor phase through 5 μL of an organic solvent immobilized in the pores of a porous polypropylene hollow fiber and then into the acceptor phase present inside the hollow fiber. Enrichment factors varying from 37 to 115 were achieved. Calibration curves for the nine FAs were well correlated (r2 > 0.994) within the range of 10–5000 μg L−1. The limit of detection (signal: noise, 3) was 4.73 – 13.21 ng L−1. The results presented show that the hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction techniques can serve as excellent alternative methods to conventional sample preparation techniques or other microextraction in the analysis of FAs. The method was successfully applied to the profiling of the FAs in palm oils (crude, olein, kernel, carotino cooking oil) and other vegetable oils (soybean, olive, coconut, rice bran and pumpkin). The encouraging enrichments achieved offer an interesting option for the profiling of the minor and major FAs in palm and other vegetable oils.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Gan, Hui Siang
author_facet	Gan, Hui Siang
author_sort	Gan, Hui Siang
title	Development Of A Liquid Phase Microextraction Technique For The Gas Chromatographic Determination Of Fatty Acids In Vegetable Oils
title_short	Development Of A Liquid Phase Microextraction Technique For The Gas Chromatographic Determination Of Fatty Acids In Vegetable Oils
title_full	Development Of A Liquid Phase Microextraction Technique For The Gas Chromatographic Determination Of Fatty Acids In Vegetable Oils
title_fullStr	Development Of A Liquid Phase Microextraction Technique For The Gas Chromatographic Determination Of Fatty Acids In Vegetable Oils
title_full_unstemmed	Development Of A Liquid Phase Microextraction Technique For The Gas Chromatographic Determination Of Fatty Acids In Vegetable Oils
title_sort	development of a liquid phase microextraction technique for the gas chromatographic determination of fatty acids in vegetable oils
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia
publishDate	2012
url	http://eprints.usm.my/45633/1/GAN%20HUI%20SIANG_HJ.pdf
_version_	1747821537736523776

Development Of A Liquid Phase Microextraction Technique For The Gas Chromatographic Determination Of Fatty Acids In Vegetable Oils

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