Improvement In Oxygen Delignification Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Efb) Soda-Aq Pulp And Use Of Experimental Design For Process Optimisation

The delignification of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) empty fruit bunch fibres soda-AQ pulp by oxygen is limited to 38%, to avoid substantial cellulose degradation. To enhance the effectiveness of oxygen delignification (O stage), small amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with and without anthraquinon...

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Main Author:	Ng, Soo Huey
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2011
Subjects:	T11.95-12.5 Industrial directories
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/45837/1/Ng%20Soo%20Huey24.pdf
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id	my-usm-ep.45837
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-usm-ep.458372019-12-12T02:18:48Z Improvement In Oxygen Delignification Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Efb) Soda-Aq Pulp And Use Of Experimental Design For Process Optimisation 2011-02 Ng, Soo Huey T11.95-12.5 Industrial directories The delignification of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) empty fruit bunch fibres soda-AQ pulp by oxygen is limited to 38%, to avoid substantial cellulose degradation. To enhance the effectiveness of oxygen delignification (O stage), small amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with and without anthraquinone (AQ) are added during oxygen delignification, which are known as the hydrogen peroxide reinforced oxygen delignification (OP stage) and AQ-aided OP stage respectively. The preliminary study of the addition of hydrogen peroxide and anthraquinone (AQ) to oxygen delignification has shown their potential on improving kappa number (Kn) reduction and pulp brightness. Hence, the interaction effects of hydrogen peroxide and anthraquinone, and the other three process variables viz. reaction temperature (T), reaction time (t) and alkaline charge (Ac) on oxygen delignification of pulp produced from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) empty fruit bunch fibre are statistically investigated by employing a half two-level factorial (2k-1) experimental design in order to screen out the insignificant effects. Based on the factorial models built, H2O2 (P), reaction temperature (T) and alkali charge (Ac) are significant to all of the responses. Besides, the impairment to the pulp viscosity by a relatively higher level of H2O2 (2.0% on the oven-dry weight of pulp) is found to be significantly countered by adding a small amount of anthraquinone. Furthermore, all factorial models built are also statistically and experimentally validated. The optimisation of the AQ-aided OP stage is operated with response surface methodology (RSM) through central composite design (CCD) with three independent variables namely H2O2* (P, 0.25-2.00%), reaction temperature* (T, 70-110 °C), and alkali charge (Ac*, 1.2-2.8%) and the fixed variables are 30 min reaction time and 0.02 % AQ. 2011-02 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/45837/ http://eprints.usm.my/45837/1/Ng%20Soo%20Huey24.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Teknologi Industri
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	T11.95-12.5 Industrial directories
spellingShingle	T11.95-12.5 Industrial directories Ng, Soo Huey Improvement In Oxygen Delignification Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Efb) Soda-Aq Pulp And Use Of Experimental Design For Process Optimisation
description	The delignification of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) empty fruit bunch fibres soda-AQ pulp by oxygen is limited to 38%, to avoid substantial cellulose degradation. To enhance the effectiveness of oxygen delignification (O stage), small amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with and without anthraquinone (AQ) are added during oxygen delignification, which are known as the hydrogen peroxide reinforced oxygen delignification (OP stage) and AQ-aided OP stage respectively. The preliminary study of the addition of hydrogen peroxide and anthraquinone (AQ) to oxygen delignification has shown their potential on improving kappa number (Kn) reduction and pulp brightness. Hence, the interaction effects of hydrogen peroxide and anthraquinone, and the other three process variables viz. reaction temperature (T), reaction time (t) and alkaline charge (Ac) on oxygen delignification of pulp produced from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) empty fruit bunch fibre are statistically investigated by employing a half two-level factorial (2k-1) experimental design in order to screen out the insignificant effects. Based on the factorial models built, H2O2 (P), reaction temperature (T) and alkali charge (Ac) are significant to all of the responses. Besides, the impairment to the pulp viscosity by a relatively higher level of H2O2 (2.0% on the oven-dry weight of pulp) is found to be significantly countered by adding a small amount of anthraquinone. Furthermore, all factorial models built are also statistically and experimentally validated. The optimisation of the AQ-aided OP stage is operated with response surface methodology (RSM) through central composite design (CCD) with three independent variables namely H2O2* (P, 0.25-2.00%), reaction temperature* (T, 70-110 °C), and alkali charge (Ac*, 1.2-2.8%) and the fixed variables are 30 min reaction time and 0.02 % AQ.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Ng, Soo Huey
author_facet	Ng, Soo Huey
author_sort	Ng, Soo Huey
title	Improvement In Oxygen Delignification Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Efb) Soda-Aq Pulp And Use Of Experimental Design For Process Optimisation
title_short	Improvement In Oxygen Delignification Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Efb) Soda-Aq Pulp And Use Of Experimental Design For Process Optimisation
title_full	Improvement In Oxygen Delignification Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Efb) Soda-Aq Pulp And Use Of Experimental Design For Process Optimisation
title_fullStr	Improvement In Oxygen Delignification Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Efb) Soda-Aq Pulp And Use Of Experimental Design For Process Optimisation
title_full_unstemmed	Improvement In Oxygen Delignification Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Efb) Soda-Aq Pulp And Use Of Experimental Design For Process Optimisation
title_sort	improvement in oxygen delignification of oil palm empty fruit bunches (efb) soda-aq pulp and use of experimental design for process optimisation
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Teknologi Industri
publishDate	2011
url	http://eprints.usm.my/45837/1/Ng%20Soo%20Huey24.pdf
_version_	1747821577863430144

Improvement In Oxygen Delignification Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Efb) Soda-Aq Pulp And Use Of Experimental Design For Process Optimisation

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