Transesterification Of Glycerol With Dimethyl Carbonate To Glycerol Carbonate Over Ash-, Clay- Based And Strontium-Aluminum Mixed Oxide Catalysts

The global growth in biodiesel production over the past decade has led to the availability of significant quantities of glycerol as a by-product of the triglyceride transesterification process. Glycerol (GL) is a versatile feedstock for producing chemicals such as glycerol carbonate (GC) which can b...

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Main Author:	Algoufi, Yoseef Turky
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2013
Subjects:	TK1-9971 Electrical engineering Electronics Nuclear engineering
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/46345/1/Yoseef%20Turky%20Algoufi24.pdf
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id	my-usm-ep.46345
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-usm-ep.463452020-02-26T03:59:45Z Transesterification Of Glycerol With Dimethyl Carbonate To Glycerol Carbonate Over Ash-, Clay- Based And Strontium-Aluminum Mixed Oxide Catalysts 2013-11 Algoufi, Yoseef Turky TK1-9971 Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering The global growth in biodiesel production over the past decade has led to the availability of significant quantities of glycerol as a by-product of the triglyceride transesterification process. Glycerol (GL) is a versatile feedstock for producing chemicals such as glycerol carbonate (GC) which can be produced by the transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) over base catalyst. In this work, dolomite, sodium rich clay, oil palm ash and K-zeolite synthesized form fly ash have been utilized as low-cost heterogeneous basic catalysts for GC synthesis from GL and DMC. The study was conducted in a batch reactor at different reaction conditions (1-7 wt%) catalyst loading; (1:1-4:1) DMC:GL molar ratio; (55-75 OC) reaction temperature and (0.5-2 h) reaction time. At the best operating conditions of 5 wt% catalyst loading; 3:1 DMC: GL molar ratio; 75 OC reaction temperature and 1.5 h reaction time, the yields of GC obtained were 98.4%, 97.3%, 96.4% and 94% for Na-clay, oil palm ash, K-zeolite and dolomite, respectively. In terms of catalyst reusability and leaching, all catalysts suffered from leaching of metallic species in range between (4.23-31%) and the best catalytic performance was obtained by Na-clay where the minimum leaching was occurred (4.23%) compared to other low-cost catalysts and it was used successfully for four cycle runs. Strontium-aluminum mixed oxide catalyst was also developed in order to have more stable and unleachable heterogeneous catalyst for GC synthesis from GL and DMC. 2013-11 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/46345/ http://eprints.usm.my/46345/1/Yoseef%20Turky%20Algoufi24.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TK1-9971 Electrical engineering Electronics Nuclear engineering
spellingShingle	TK1-9971 Electrical engineering Electronics Nuclear engineering Algoufi, Yoseef Turky Transesterification Of Glycerol With Dimethyl Carbonate To Glycerol Carbonate Over Ash-, Clay- Based And Strontium-Aluminum Mixed Oxide Catalysts
description	The global growth in biodiesel production over the past decade has led to the availability of significant quantities of glycerol as a by-product of the triglyceride transesterification process. Glycerol (GL) is a versatile feedstock for producing chemicals such as glycerol carbonate (GC) which can be produced by the transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) over base catalyst. In this work, dolomite, sodium rich clay, oil palm ash and K-zeolite synthesized form fly ash have been utilized as low-cost heterogeneous basic catalysts for GC synthesis from GL and DMC. The study was conducted in a batch reactor at different reaction conditions (1-7 wt%) catalyst loading; (1:1-4:1) DMC:GL molar ratio; (55-75 OC) reaction temperature and (0.5-2 h) reaction time. At the best operating conditions of 5 wt% catalyst loading; 3:1 DMC: GL molar ratio; 75 OC reaction temperature and 1.5 h reaction time, the yields of GC obtained were 98.4%, 97.3%, 96.4% and 94% for Na-clay, oil palm ash, K-zeolite and dolomite, respectively. In terms of catalyst reusability and leaching, all catalysts suffered from leaching of metallic species in range between (4.23-31%) and the best catalytic performance was obtained by Na-clay where the minimum leaching was occurred (4.23%) compared to other low-cost catalysts and it was used successfully for four cycle runs. Strontium-aluminum mixed oxide catalyst was also developed in order to have more stable and unleachable heterogeneous catalyst for GC synthesis from GL and DMC.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Algoufi, Yoseef Turky
author_facet	Algoufi, Yoseef Turky
author_sort	Algoufi, Yoseef Turky
title	Transesterification Of Glycerol With Dimethyl Carbonate To Glycerol Carbonate Over Ash-, Clay- Based And Strontium-Aluminum Mixed Oxide Catalysts
title_short	Transesterification Of Glycerol With Dimethyl Carbonate To Glycerol Carbonate Over Ash-, Clay- Based And Strontium-Aluminum Mixed Oxide Catalysts
title_full	Transesterification Of Glycerol With Dimethyl Carbonate To Glycerol Carbonate Over Ash-, Clay- Based And Strontium-Aluminum Mixed Oxide Catalysts
title_fullStr	Transesterification Of Glycerol With Dimethyl Carbonate To Glycerol Carbonate Over Ash-, Clay- Based And Strontium-Aluminum Mixed Oxide Catalysts
title_full_unstemmed	Transesterification Of Glycerol With Dimethyl Carbonate To Glycerol Carbonate Over Ash-, Clay- Based And Strontium-Aluminum Mixed Oxide Catalysts
title_sort	transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate to glycerol carbonate over ash-, clay- based and strontium-aluminum mixed oxide catalysts
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia
publishDate	2013
url	http://eprints.usm.my/46345/1/Yoseef%20Turky%20Algoufi24.pdf
_version_	1747821656105025536

Transesterification Of Glycerol With Dimethyl Carbonate To Glycerol Carbonate Over Ash-, Clay- Based And Strontium-Aluminum Mixed Oxide Catalysts

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