Investigation On Water Softening Using Surfactant Modified Bentonite Adsorbent Coating

Adsorbent coating of bentonite modified (SMB) sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate surfactant (SDBS) has been developed for the removal of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions from hard water. The adsorbent was characterized using SEM, EDX, Zeta-meter and FTIR analyses. It has potential to replace the expensive convention...

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Main Author:	Ab Kadir, Nur Nadia
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2017
Subjects:	T Technology TP155-156 Chemical engineering
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/46487/1/Investigation%20On%20Water%20Softening%20Using%20Surfactant%20Modified%20Bentonite%20Adsorbent%20Coating.pdf
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spelling	my-usm-ep.464872021-11-17T03:42:16Z Investigation On Water Softening Using Surfactant Modified Bentonite Adsorbent Coating 2017-04-01 Ab Kadir, Nur Nadia T Technology TP155-156 Chemical engineering Adsorbent coating of bentonite modified (SMB) sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate surfactant (SDBS) has been developed for the removal of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions from hard water. The adsorbent was characterized using SEM, EDX, Zeta-meter and FTIR analyses. It has potential to replace the expensive conventional softening treatment techniques as well as reduce the usage of excess chemicals (chemical precipitation) by applying onto treatment area. Formulation of SMB was carried out including evaluation effect of surfactant ratio, effect of different type of binder and effect of adsorbent to binder ratio with best formulation by using PVAc binder, with adsorbent to binder ratio 0.75:1.0 ratio (w/w). The optimum condition of softening hard water was obtained with highest removal efficiency 66.6% (29.27mg/g) using 120 mg/L hard water, 300 rpm mixing speed, pH 6.8, and 30°C. SMB adsorbent coating can be reused for two times only. The separate calcium and magnesium solution were conducted and magnesium is preferable than calcium due to the availability active sites between magnesium and anionic functional group of SMB surface. The adsorption in this study was fitted with Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order model. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG°) revealed exothermic nature and reaction is spontaneous. In desorption study, 0.1M H2SO4 provide the highest desorption and adsorption/desorption cycle achieved up to third cycle. On the basis of good removal capacity towards Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, SMB adsorbent coating can be effectively used for softening of hard water. 2017-04 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/46487/ http://eprints.usm.my/46487/1/Investigation%20On%20Water%20Softening%20Using%20Surfactant%20Modified%20Bentonite%20Adsorbent%20Coating.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	T Technology TP155-156 Chemical engineering
spellingShingle	T Technology TP155-156 Chemical engineering Ab Kadir, Nur Nadia Investigation On Water Softening Using Surfactant Modified Bentonite Adsorbent Coating
description	Adsorbent coating of bentonite modified (SMB) sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate surfactant (SDBS) has been developed for the removal of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions from hard water. The adsorbent was characterized using SEM, EDX, Zeta-meter and FTIR analyses. It has potential to replace the expensive conventional softening treatment techniques as well as reduce the usage of excess chemicals (chemical precipitation) by applying onto treatment area. Formulation of SMB was carried out including evaluation effect of surfactant ratio, effect of different type of binder and effect of adsorbent to binder ratio with best formulation by using PVAc binder, with adsorbent to binder ratio 0.75:1.0 ratio (w/w). The optimum condition of softening hard water was obtained with highest removal efficiency 66.6% (29.27mg/g) using 120 mg/L hard water, 300 rpm mixing speed, pH 6.8, and 30°C. SMB adsorbent coating can be reused for two times only. The separate calcium and magnesium solution were conducted and magnesium is preferable than calcium due to the availability active sites between magnesium and anionic functional group of SMB surface. The adsorption in this study was fitted with Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order model. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG°) revealed exothermic nature and reaction is spontaneous. In desorption study, 0.1M H2SO4 provide the highest desorption and adsorption/desorption cycle achieved up to third cycle. On the basis of good removal capacity towards Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, SMB adsorbent coating can be effectively used for softening of hard water.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Ab Kadir, Nur Nadia
author_facet	Ab Kadir, Nur Nadia
author_sort	Ab Kadir, Nur Nadia
title	Investigation On Water Softening Using Surfactant Modified Bentonite Adsorbent Coating
title_short	Investigation On Water Softening Using Surfactant Modified Bentonite Adsorbent Coating
title_full	Investigation On Water Softening Using Surfactant Modified Bentonite Adsorbent Coating
title_fullStr	Investigation On Water Softening Using Surfactant Modified Bentonite Adsorbent Coating
title_full_unstemmed	Investigation On Water Softening Using Surfactant Modified Bentonite Adsorbent Coating
title_sort	investigation on water softening using surfactant modified bentonite adsorbent coating
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia
publishDate	2017
url	http://eprints.usm.my/46487/1/Investigation%20On%20Water%20Softening%20Using%20Surfactant%20Modified%20Bentonite%20Adsorbent%20Coating.pdf
_version_	1747821682023727104

Investigation On Water Softening Using Surfactant Modified Bentonite Adsorbent Coating

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