Sterilization Of Oil Palm Fruit Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide As A Green Technology

Sterilization is a crucial process for palm oil processing to produce quality palm oil. The purpose of oil palm fruits (OPF) sterilization is to inactivate lipophilic microorganisms, soften the fruit pulp and facilitate the OPF detachment from the stalk. Currently, palm oil industries in Malaysia ut...

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Main Author:	Lah, Tengku Norsalwani Tuan
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	LC5800-5808 Distance education.
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/46628/1/TENGKU%20NORSALWANI%20BINTI%20TUAN%20LAH24.pdf
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spelling	my-usm-ep.466282020-06-26T08:19:51Z Sterilization Of Oil Palm Fruit Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide As A Green Technology 2019-06 Lah, Tengku Norsalwani Tuan LC5800-5808 Distance education. Sterilization is a crucial process for palm oil processing to produce quality palm oil. The purpose of oil palm fruits (OPF) sterilization is to inactivate lipophilic microorganisms, soften the fruit pulp and facilitate the OPF detachment from the stalk. Currently, palm oil industries in Malaysia utilizes the steam sterilization method for OPF processing. This sterilization method requires a huge quantity of water, resulting in generation of large quantities of palm oil mill effluent (POME). Besides, the interaction of OPFs with moisture during steam sterilization is denoting higher free fatty acid (FFA) in extracted oil. Therefore, it urges to implement a waterless sterilization technology to eliminate FFA generation in extracted oil and avoid POME generation. In the present study, Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) technology was utilized to sterilize OPF with varying pressure (7.4-50 MPa), temperature (32-80oC) and treatment time (15-60 min). The performance of SC-CO2 sterilization was determined based on the inactivation of lipase producing microorganisms (bacterial and fungi) in OPF and it was compared with steam autoclave sterilization. Results showed that the SC-CO2 inactivated the microorganisms at moderate temperature (≤ 80oC) and pressure (8-10 MPa) within ≤60 min of sterilizing time. The SC-CO2 efficiency of OP-FFB sterilization was determined using a 10 Liter vessel, based on the inactivation of Bacillus spp. and Aspergillus spp. (microbes with highest occurrence) in OP-FFB with varying SC-CO2 pressure (10-30 MPa), temperature (40-80oC) and treatment time (15-90 min). 2019-06 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/46628/ http://eprints.usm.my/46628/1/TENGKU%20NORSALWANI%20BINTI%20TUAN%20LAH24.pdf application/pdf en public phd doctoral Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Pendidikan Jarak Jauh
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	LC5800-5808 Distance education.
spellingShingle	LC5800-5808 Distance education. Lah, Tengku Norsalwani Tuan Sterilization Of Oil Palm Fruit Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide As A Green Technology
description	Sterilization is a crucial process for palm oil processing to produce quality palm oil. The purpose of oil palm fruits (OPF) sterilization is to inactivate lipophilic microorganisms, soften the fruit pulp and facilitate the OPF detachment from the stalk. Currently, palm oil industries in Malaysia utilizes the steam sterilization method for OPF processing. This sterilization method requires a huge quantity of water, resulting in generation of large quantities of palm oil mill effluent (POME). Besides, the interaction of OPFs with moisture during steam sterilization is denoting higher free fatty acid (FFA) in extracted oil. Therefore, it urges to implement a waterless sterilization technology to eliminate FFA generation in extracted oil and avoid POME generation. In the present study, Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) technology was utilized to sterilize OPF with varying pressure (7.4-50 MPa), temperature (32-80oC) and treatment time (15-60 min). The performance of SC-CO2 sterilization was determined based on the inactivation of lipase producing microorganisms (bacterial and fungi) in OPF and it was compared with steam autoclave sterilization. Results showed that the SC-CO2 inactivated the microorganisms at moderate temperature (≤ 80oC) and pressure (8-10 MPa) within ≤60 min of sterilizing time. The SC-CO2 efficiency of OP-FFB sterilization was determined using a 10 Liter vessel, based on the inactivation of Bacillus spp. and Aspergillus spp. (microbes with highest occurrence) in OP-FFB with varying SC-CO2 pressure (10-30 MPa), temperature (40-80oC) and treatment time (15-90 min).
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Lah, Tengku Norsalwani Tuan
author_facet	Lah, Tengku Norsalwani Tuan
author_sort	Lah, Tengku Norsalwani Tuan
title	Sterilization Of Oil Palm Fruit Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide As A Green Technology
title_short	Sterilization Of Oil Palm Fruit Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide As A Green Technology
title_full	Sterilization Of Oil Palm Fruit Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide As A Green Technology
title_fullStr	Sterilization Of Oil Palm Fruit Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide As A Green Technology
title_full_unstemmed	Sterilization Of Oil Palm Fruit Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide As A Green Technology
title_sort	sterilization of oil palm fruit using supercritical carbon dioxide as a green technology
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Pendidikan Jarak Jauh
publishDate	2019
url	http://eprints.usm.my/46628/1/TENGKU%20NORSALWANI%20BINTI%20TUAN%20LAH24.pdf
_version_	1747821700116905984

Sterilization Of Oil Palm Fruit Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide As A Green Technology

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