Genetic profiling of five major Ghana population using Short Tandem Repeat and mitochondrial DNA sequences for forensic and ancestry study purposes

Population datasets of forensically relevant short tandem repeat (STR) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from a particular population group are needed before any DNA profile test results can be reliably submitted into evidence before the court. These population datasets are proven useful for calculat...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Abban, Edward Kofi
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2023
Subjects:	RA Public aspects of medicine
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/46702/1/EDWARD%20KOFI%20ABBAN-24%20pages.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-usm-ep.46702
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-usm-ep.467022023-05-21T23:57:16Z Genetic profiling of five major Ghana population using Short Tandem Repeat and mitochondrial DNA sequences for forensic and ancestry study purposes 2023-02 Abban, Edward Kofi RA Public aspects of medicine Population datasets of forensically relevant short tandem repeat (STR) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from a particular population group are needed before any DNA profile test results can be reliably submitted into evidence before the court. These population datasets are proven useful for calculating match probabilities in forensic or disputed paternity cases and for population genetic studies. However, autosomal and Y-chromosome STR and mtDNA sequence datasets for representative African populations, including Ghana, are lacking compared with European and Asian populations. Therefore, the present study is conducted to provide the first-ever STR and mtDNA population datasets that were screened from the same set of individuals representing the Akans, Ewe, Ga-Dangbe, Mole-Dagbon and Guang sub-populations in Ghana. Twenty-one autosomal STR loci in 515 genomic samples of these subpopulation groups were typed using Investigator 24plex PCR amplification kit. The match probability of identity ranged from 1 in 1.30x10-25 to 6.28x10-26, and the combined power of discrimination ranged from 0.9999999999468 to 0.9999999999864. Genetic distances, phylogenetic tree and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed that the five populations are genetically closer to each other and neighbouring populations than distant localities. Unrelated males (n=268) were then genetically characterized for 23 Y-chromosome STR loci using Powerplex Y23 STR kit. The haplotype diversity, discriminating capacity and match probability for the pooled population data were 0.9998, 0.9627 and 0.0039, respectively. The pairwise genetic distance (RST) for the Ghanaian datasets and other reference populations deposited in Y-STR Haplotype Reference Database were estimated and mapped using multidimensional scaling (MDS) plot. The Guan and Ewe were significantly different from the Akan, Mole-Dagbon and Ga-Dangme, but were all plotted closely with reference African populations in the MDS data mapping. The entire mtDNA control region in 207 unrelated individuals of the five major sub-populations of Ghana were obtained using Sanger sequencing method. Results showed an admixture of mtDNA types derived mainly from Africans (97.59%) and a minor proportion from Asians (0.48%) and Europeans (1.93%). A high value of genetic diversity (0.9994), power of discrimination (0.9991) and low value of random match probability (0.054) indicate that mtDNA analysis for this population can effectively be used for forensic casework. The most frequent mtDNA lineages were L (97.59%) and followed by U (1.45), N (0.48) and X (0.48), and Ghanaian sub-populations are closer to West African populations in PCoA data mapping. Overall, the present study has successfully typed and developed STR and mtDNA datasets for the five sub-population groups in Ghana. The statistical results showed that both markers are reliable for forensic DNA profiling purposes and for studying genetic makeup in Ghana. Future studies should focus on the other aspects of DNA profiling, such as validating newly DNA extraction and genotyping kits and developing population data (STR, mtDNA or other potentially relevant markers) for the remaining uncharacterized population groups in Ghana. Universiti Sains Malaysia 2023-02 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/46702/ http://eprints.usm.my/46702/1/EDWARD%20KOFI%20ABBAN-24%20pages.pdf application/pdf en public phd doctoral Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	RA Public aspects of medicine
spellingShingle	RA Public aspects of medicine Abban, Edward Kofi Genetic profiling of five major Ghana population using Short Tandem Repeat and mitochondrial DNA sequences for forensic and ancestry study purposes
description	Population datasets of forensically relevant short tandem repeat (STR) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from a particular population group are needed before any DNA profile test results can be reliably submitted into evidence before the court. These population datasets are proven useful for calculating match probabilities in forensic or disputed paternity cases and for population genetic studies. However, autosomal and Y-chromosome STR and mtDNA sequence datasets for representative African populations, including Ghana, are lacking compared with European and Asian populations. Therefore, the present study is conducted to provide the first-ever STR and mtDNA population datasets that were screened from the same set of individuals representing the Akans, Ewe, Ga-Dangbe, Mole-Dagbon and Guang sub-populations in Ghana. Twenty-one autosomal STR loci in 515 genomic samples of these subpopulation groups were typed using Investigator 24plex PCR amplification kit. The match probability of identity ranged from 1 in 1.30x10-25 to 6.28x10-26, and the combined power of discrimination ranged from 0.9999999999468 to 0.9999999999864. Genetic distances, phylogenetic tree and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed that the five populations are genetically closer to each other and neighbouring populations than distant localities. Unrelated males (n=268) were then genetically characterized for 23 Y-chromosome STR loci using Powerplex Y23 STR kit. The haplotype diversity, discriminating capacity and match probability for the pooled population data were 0.9998, 0.9627 and 0.0039, respectively. The pairwise genetic distance (RST) for the Ghanaian datasets and other reference populations deposited in Y-STR Haplotype Reference Database were estimated and mapped using multidimensional scaling (MDS) plot. The Guan and Ewe were significantly different from the Akan, Mole-Dagbon and Ga-Dangme, but were all plotted closely with reference African populations in the MDS data mapping. The entire mtDNA control region in 207 unrelated individuals of the five major sub-populations of Ghana were obtained using Sanger sequencing method. Results showed an admixture of mtDNA types derived mainly from Africans (97.59%) and a minor proportion from Asians (0.48%) and Europeans (1.93%). A high value of genetic diversity (0.9994), power of discrimination (0.9991) and low value of random match probability (0.054) indicate that mtDNA analysis for this population can effectively be used for forensic casework. The most frequent mtDNA lineages were L (97.59%) and followed by U (1.45), N (0.48) and X (0.48), and Ghanaian sub-populations are closer to West African populations in PCoA data mapping. Overall, the present study has successfully typed and developed STR and mtDNA datasets for the five sub-population groups in Ghana. The statistical results showed that both markers are reliable for forensic DNA profiling purposes and for studying genetic makeup in Ghana. Future studies should focus on the other aspects of DNA profiling, such as validating newly DNA extraction and genotyping kits and developing population data (STR, mtDNA or other potentially relevant markers) for the remaining uncharacterized population groups in Ghana.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Abban, Edward Kofi
author_facet	Abban, Edward Kofi
author_sort	Abban, Edward Kofi
title	Genetic profiling of five major Ghana population using Short Tandem Repeat and mitochondrial DNA sequences for forensic and ancestry study purposes
title_short	Genetic profiling of five major Ghana population using Short Tandem Repeat and mitochondrial DNA sequences for forensic and ancestry study purposes
title_full	Genetic profiling of five major Ghana population using Short Tandem Repeat and mitochondrial DNA sequences for forensic and ancestry study purposes
title_fullStr	Genetic profiling of five major Ghana population using Short Tandem Repeat and mitochondrial DNA sequences for forensic and ancestry study purposes
title_full_unstemmed	Genetic profiling of five major Ghana population using Short Tandem Repeat and mitochondrial DNA sequences for forensic and ancestry study purposes
title_sort	genetic profiling of five major ghana population using short tandem repeat and mitochondrial dna sequences for forensic and ancestry study purposes
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan
publishDate	2023
url	http://eprints.usm.my/46702/1/EDWARD%20KOFI%20ABBAN-24%20pages.pdf
_version_	1776101083416887296

Genetic profiling of five major Ghana population using Short Tandem Repeat and mitochondrial DNA sequences for forensic and ancestry study purposes

Similar Items