Deep Eutectic Solvent (Des) As A New Solvent For Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis Of Glyceryl Monocaffeate Via Transesterification

Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvent (DES) have been identified as greener alternatives solvents. Nevertheless, ionic liquid has been reported to display toxicity to the environment due to its starting material (i.e. imidazolium-based cation). Therefore, the design of DES for ionic liquids substi...

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Main Author:	Bakar, Puteri Norathirah Megat Abu
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	T Technology TP155-156 Chemical engineering
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/48101/1/Deep%20Eutectic%20Solvent%20%28Des%29%20As%20A%20New%20Solvent%20For%20Lipase-Catalyzed%20Synthesis%20Of%20Glyceryl%20Monocaffeate%20Via%20Transesterification.pdf
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spelling	my-usm-ep.481012021-11-17T03:42:12Z Deep Eutectic Solvent (Des) As A New Solvent For Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis Of Glyceryl Monocaffeate Via Transesterification 2019-06-01 Bakar, Puteri Norathirah Megat Abu T Technology TP155-156 Chemical engineering Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvent (DES) have been identified as greener alternatives solvents. Nevertheless, ionic liquid has been reported to display toxicity to the environment due to its starting material (i.e. imidazolium-based cation). Therefore, the design of DES for ionic liquids substitution has shown a bright future for implementation in lipase-catalyzed reaction. Lipase-catalyzed reaction of glyceryl monocaffeate (GMC) in DES has not yet been reported. The modification of caffeic acid (CA) into GMC could potentially be widen the application of CA’s biological activities in water and oil-based system. The transesterification of ethyl caffeate (EC) and glycerol to produce GMC was carried out by screening these parameters that affect the reaction such as enzyme loading between 250 U to 1500 U, water content within 0 % (v/v) and 40 % (v/v), agitation speed ranged from 100 rpm to 250 rpm, substrates molar ratio of ethyl caffeate and glycerol from 1:40 to 1:90, reaction time between 0 to 240 minutes and temperatures ranged from 30 ºC to 60 ºC. Final conversion of ethyl caffeate at 88.4% was obtained at 1250 U of enzyme loading, 20 % (v/v) of water content, 200 rpm of agitation speed, 1:50 substrates molar ratio of ethyl caffeate and glycerol, 30 minutes of reaction time and 40 ºC of temperature. The kinetic mechanism and kinetic parameters were investigated to determine the initial rate of reaction of various substrates concentration. The results demonstrated that lipase-catalyzed synthesis of GMC in DES obeyed Ping Pong Bi Bi mechanism with Vmax, 10.9 mmol min-1; KmEC, 126.5 mmol and KmGly, 1842.7 mmol. Next, the study on the activation energy was conducted by varying temperature from 30 ºC to 55 º C and resulted in the value of activation energy was 50.4 kJ/mol. Finally, response surface methodology (RSM) based on face-centered central composite design (CCD) was studied to obtain the following optimum conditions with 94.71±0.06 % final conversion of EC from significant factors: enzyme loading, 705 U; water content, 20 % (v/v) and reaction time, 113 minutes. Therefore, it can be concluded that DES could serve as a potential solvent for lipase-catalyzed reaction. 2019-06 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/48101/ http://eprints.usm.my/48101/1/Deep%20Eutectic%20Solvent%20%28Des%29%20As%20A%20New%20Solvent%20For%20Lipase-Catalyzed%20Synthesis%20Of%20Glyceryl%20Monocaffeate%20Via%20Transesterification.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	T Technology TP155-156 Chemical engineering
spellingShingle	T Technology TP155-156 Chemical engineering Bakar, Puteri Norathirah Megat Abu Deep Eutectic Solvent (Des) As A New Solvent For Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis Of Glyceryl Monocaffeate Via Transesterification
description	Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvent (DES) have been identified as greener alternatives solvents. Nevertheless, ionic liquid has been reported to display toxicity to the environment due to its starting material (i.e. imidazolium-based cation). Therefore, the design of DES for ionic liquids substitution has shown a bright future for implementation in lipase-catalyzed reaction. Lipase-catalyzed reaction of glyceryl monocaffeate (GMC) in DES has not yet been reported. The modification of caffeic acid (CA) into GMC could potentially be widen the application of CA’s biological activities in water and oil-based system. The transesterification of ethyl caffeate (EC) and glycerol to produce GMC was carried out by screening these parameters that affect the reaction such as enzyme loading between 250 U to 1500 U, water content within 0 % (v/v) and 40 % (v/v), agitation speed ranged from 100 rpm to 250 rpm, substrates molar ratio of ethyl caffeate and glycerol from 1:40 to 1:90, reaction time between 0 to 240 minutes and temperatures ranged from 30 ºC to 60 ºC. Final conversion of ethyl caffeate at 88.4% was obtained at 1250 U of enzyme loading, 20 % (v/v) of water content, 200 rpm of agitation speed, 1:50 substrates molar ratio of ethyl caffeate and glycerol, 30 minutes of reaction time and 40 ºC of temperature. The kinetic mechanism and kinetic parameters were investigated to determine the initial rate of reaction of various substrates concentration. The results demonstrated that lipase-catalyzed synthesis of GMC in DES obeyed Ping Pong Bi Bi mechanism with Vmax, 10.9 mmol min-1; KmEC, 126.5 mmol and KmGly, 1842.7 mmol. Next, the study on the activation energy was conducted by varying temperature from 30 ºC to 55 º C and resulted in the value of activation energy was 50.4 kJ/mol. Finally, response surface methodology (RSM) based on face-centered central composite design (CCD) was studied to obtain the following optimum conditions with 94.71±0.06 % final conversion of EC from significant factors: enzyme loading, 705 U; water content, 20 % (v/v) and reaction time, 113 minutes. Therefore, it can be concluded that DES could serve as a potential solvent for lipase-catalyzed reaction.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Bakar, Puteri Norathirah Megat Abu
author_facet	Bakar, Puteri Norathirah Megat Abu
author_sort	Bakar, Puteri Norathirah Megat Abu
title	Deep Eutectic Solvent (Des) As A New Solvent For Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis Of Glyceryl Monocaffeate Via Transesterification
title_short	Deep Eutectic Solvent (Des) As A New Solvent For Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis Of Glyceryl Monocaffeate Via Transesterification
title_full	Deep Eutectic Solvent (Des) As A New Solvent For Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis Of Glyceryl Monocaffeate Via Transesterification
title_fullStr	Deep Eutectic Solvent (Des) As A New Solvent For Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis Of Glyceryl Monocaffeate Via Transesterification
title_full_unstemmed	Deep Eutectic Solvent (Des) As A New Solvent For Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis Of Glyceryl Monocaffeate Via Transesterification
title_sort	deep eutectic solvent (des) as a new solvent for lipase-catalyzed synthesis of glyceryl monocaffeate via transesterification
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia
publishDate	2019
url	http://eprints.usm.my/48101/1/Deep%20Eutectic%20Solvent%20%28Des%29%20As%20A%20New%20Solvent%20For%20Lipase-Catalyzed%20Synthesis%20Of%20Glyceryl%20Monocaffeate%20Via%20Transesterification.pdf
_version_	1747821880531746816

Deep Eutectic Solvent (Des) As A New Solvent For Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis Of Glyceryl Monocaffeate Via Transesterification

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