Melt Derived Fabrication Of Bioactive Glass And Biocompatibility Evaluation Towards Dental Pulp Stem Cell

Bioactive glass (BG) has the ability to bond to hard and soft tissues, and promotes bone growth. BG 45S5, with composition of 46.1% SiO2, 26.9% CaO, 24.4% Na2O, and 2.5% P2O5 in mole percentages (mol.%), and a new composition (BG 44S), with similar network connectivity were fabricated via melt deriv...

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Main Author:	Zain, Nurul Shazwani Mohd
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	RK1-715 Dentistry
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/49696/1/NURUL%20SHAZWANI%20BINTI%20MOHD%20ZAIN_hj.pdf
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spelling	my-usm-ep.496962021-08-23T09:46:02Z Melt Derived Fabrication Of Bioactive Glass And Biocompatibility Evaluation Towards Dental Pulp Stem Cell 2018-08 Zain, Nurul Shazwani Mohd RK1-715 Dentistry Bioactive glass (BG) has the ability to bond to hard and soft tissues, and promotes bone growth. BG 45S5, with composition of 46.1% SiO2, 26.9% CaO, 24.4% Na2O, and 2.5% P2O5 in mole percentages (mol.%), and a new composition (BG 44S), with similar network connectivity were fabricated via melt derived route using similar melting temperature and soaking time. The 44S composition was proposed to decrease melting temperature during fabrication. The BG preparations included batching, mixing, melting at 1400 °C, water quenching, milling, and sieving. BG 45S5 possessed lower average particle size (11.8 μm) based on the particle size analysis. Both BG were in amorphous phase based on X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses and contained mainly silicate network, with Si-O-Si functional groups, using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Both BG were subjected to simulated body fluid incubation to assess the bioactivity for hydroxyl carbonate apatite (HCA) layer formation, followed by characterisations. Functional groups of P-O and C-O bonds, which attributed to HCA layer formation were present at day 1 for BG 44S, and at day 7 for BG 45S5. The hydroxyapatite (HA) layer started to develop on both BG surfaces at day 1, followed by formation of HCA cluster crystal at day 21 based on Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) analyses upon immersion in SBF solution. Ionic release from both BG, especially calcium and phosphorus ions in SBF solution and Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) based on the inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrometer showed that HCA formation occurred on both BG surfaces, which corresponded to the increasing pH within 240 minutes incubation. Exposure of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) to lower BG powder to liquid ratio (1 – 2 mg/ml) for both BG-conditioned media showed higher cell viability in Alamar Blue assay and higher cell proliferation in methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, highlighting biocompatibility towards DPSC. DPSC exposed to lower BG powder to liquid ratio (1 – 2 mg/ml) for both BG 45S5 and 44S without an osteogenic inductive agent showed osteoinduction properties based on MTT, alkaline phosphatase activity, and total DNA assays. DPSC exposed to medium containing osteogenic inductive agent showed greater mineralisation based on von Kossa and Alizarin red staining. The 45S5 and 44S BG-conditioned media promoted osteogenic properties of DPSC. In conclusion, BG 45S5 and 44S were successfully fabricated and biocompatible towards DPSC, thus enhancing its viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. Hence, these bioactive glasses showed potential for application in regenerative dentistry. 2018-08 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/49696/ http://eprints.usm.my/49696/1/NURUL%20SHAZWANI%20BINTI%20MOHD%20ZAIN_hj.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Institut Perubatan & Pergigian Termaju
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	RK1-715 Dentistry
spellingShingle	RK1-715 Dentistry Zain, Nurul Shazwani Mohd Melt Derived Fabrication Of Bioactive Glass And Biocompatibility Evaluation Towards Dental Pulp Stem Cell
description	Bioactive glass (BG) has the ability to bond to hard and soft tissues, and promotes bone growth. BG 45S5, with composition of 46.1% SiO2, 26.9% CaO, 24.4% Na2O, and 2.5% P2O5 in mole percentages (mol.%), and a new composition (BG 44S), with similar network connectivity were fabricated via melt derived route using similar melting temperature and soaking time. The 44S composition was proposed to decrease melting temperature during fabrication. The BG preparations included batching, mixing, melting at 1400 °C, water quenching, milling, and sieving. BG 45S5 possessed lower average particle size (11.8 μm) based on the particle size analysis. Both BG were in amorphous phase based on X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses and contained mainly silicate network, with Si-O-Si functional groups, using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Both BG were subjected to simulated body fluid incubation to assess the bioactivity for hydroxyl carbonate apatite (HCA) layer formation, followed by characterisations. Functional groups of P-O and C-O bonds, which attributed to HCA layer formation were present at day 1 for BG 44S, and at day 7 for BG 45S5. The hydroxyapatite (HA) layer started to develop on both BG surfaces at day 1, followed by formation of HCA cluster crystal at day 21 based on Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) analyses upon immersion in SBF solution. Ionic release from both BG, especially calcium and phosphorus ions in SBF solution and Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) based on the inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrometer showed that HCA formation occurred on both BG surfaces, which corresponded to the increasing pH within 240 minutes incubation. Exposure of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) to lower BG powder to liquid ratio (1 – 2 mg/ml) for both BG-conditioned media showed higher cell viability in Alamar Blue assay and higher cell proliferation in methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, highlighting biocompatibility towards DPSC. DPSC exposed to lower BG powder to liquid ratio (1 – 2 mg/ml) for both BG 45S5 and 44S without an osteogenic inductive agent showed osteoinduction properties based on MTT, alkaline phosphatase activity, and total DNA assays. DPSC exposed to medium containing osteogenic inductive agent showed greater mineralisation based on von Kossa and Alizarin red staining. The 45S5 and 44S BG-conditioned media promoted osteogenic properties of DPSC. In conclusion, BG 45S5 and 44S were successfully fabricated and biocompatible towards DPSC, thus enhancing its viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. Hence, these bioactive glasses showed potential for application in regenerative dentistry.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Zain, Nurul Shazwani Mohd
author_facet	Zain, Nurul Shazwani Mohd
author_sort	Zain, Nurul Shazwani Mohd
title	Melt Derived Fabrication Of Bioactive Glass And Biocompatibility Evaluation Towards Dental Pulp Stem Cell
title_short	Melt Derived Fabrication Of Bioactive Glass And Biocompatibility Evaluation Towards Dental Pulp Stem Cell
title_full	Melt Derived Fabrication Of Bioactive Glass And Biocompatibility Evaluation Towards Dental Pulp Stem Cell
title_fullStr	Melt Derived Fabrication Of Bioactive Glass And Biocompatibility Evaluation Towards Dental Pulp Stem Cell
title_full_unstemmed	Melt Derived Fabrication Of Bioactive Glass And Biocompatibility Evaluation Towards Dental Pulp Stem Cell
title_sort	melt derived fabrication of bioactive glass and biocompatibility evaluation towards dental pulp stem cell
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Institut Perubatan & Pergigian Termaju
publishDate	2018
url	http://eprints.usm.my/49696/1/NURUL%20SHAZWANI%20BINTI%20MOHD%20ZAIN_hj.pdf
_version_	1747822010915880960

Melt Derived Fabrication Of Bioactive Glass And Biocompatibility Evaluation Towards Dental Pulp Stem Cell

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