Determination of lead, cadmium and nickel from paint chips using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with chemometrics for forensic investigation

Paint is an important forensic evidence found at crime scene, especially in vehicular related incidents. Through detailed examination, such evidence could aid in linking people, places, and an object where the paint sample originated from. Routinely, the forensic comparison is conducted to observe t...

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Main Author:	Mahmood, Mazuin Che
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2022
Subjects:	QD71-142 Analytical chemistry
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/58465/1/MAZUIN%20CHE%20MAHMOOD-24%20pages.pdf
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id	my-usm-ep.58465
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-usm-ep.584652023-05-15T04:15:31Z Determination of lead, cadmium and nickel from paint chips using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with chemometrics for forensic investigation 2022-09 Mahmood, Mazuin Che QD71-142 Analytical chemistry Paint is an important forensic evidence found at crime scene, especially in vehicular related incidents. Through detailed examination, such evidence could aid in linking people, places, and an object where the paint sample originated from. Routinely, the forensic comparison is conducted to observe the similarities and differences in appearance, layer sequence, size, shape, thickness, or some physical or chemical characteristics of the two paint samples in question and reference. However, reference samples might not be available on all occasions; therefore, efforts shall be initiated to generate more information on the profiles of paint samples to provide forensic investigative clues. This study aimed to determine the contents of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) in the paint chip samples using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (FAAS) followed by clustering and/or discrimination through chemometrics. In this study, a total of 65 paint samples were collected from various sources. These samples were accurately weighed and subjected to an acid digestion procedure using a combination of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. All the digested samples were then analysed using FAAS. It was found that most paint samples tested in this study were detected with the presence of the three target elements, except 14 samples for Pb, 8 samples for Cd, and only two samples of Ni. Decomposition of the elemental profiles by principal component analysis (PCA) allowed for discrimination of certain paint samples from the main cluster, suggesting their differences in the contents of Pb, Cd, and Ni. To conclude, the application of FAAS enabled the determination of the Pb, Cd and Ni in the paint samples and PCA allowed for discrimination, where such evidence shall be analysed for their elemental profiles to assist the forensic investigation. 2022-09 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/58465/ http://eprints.usm.my/58465/1/MAZUIN%20CHE%20MAHMOOD-24%20pages.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QD71-142 Analytical chemistry
spellingShingle	QD71-142 Analytical chemistry Mahmood, Mazuin Che Determination of lead, cadmium and nickel from paint chips using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with chemometrics for forensic investigation
description	Paint is an important forensic evidence found at crime scene, especially in vehicular related incidents. Through detailed examination, such evidence could aid in linking people, places, and an object where the paint sample originated from. Routinely, the forensic comparison is conducted to observe the similarities and differences in appearance, layer sequence, size, shape, thickness, or some physical or chemical characteristics of the two paint samples in question and reference. However, reference samples might not be available on all occasions; therefore, efforts shall be initiated to generate more information on the profiles of paint samples to provide forensic investigative clues. This study aimed to determine the contents of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) in the paint chip samples using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (FAAS) followed by clustering and/or discrimination through chemometrics. In this study, a total of 65 paint samples were collected from various sources. These samples were accurately weighed and subjected to an acid digestion procedure using a combination of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. All the digested samples were then analysed using FAAS. It was found that most paint samples tested in this study were detected with the presence of the three target elements, except 14 samples for Pb, 8 samples for Cd, and only two samples of Ni. Decomposition of the elemental profiles by principal component analysis (PCA) allowed for discrimination of certain paint samples from the main cluster, suggesting their differences in the contents of Pb, Cd, and Ni. To conclude, the application of FAAS enabled the determination of the Pb, Cd and Ni in the paint samples and PCA allowed for discrimination, where such evidence shall be analysed for their elemental profiles to assist the forensic investigation.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Mahmood, Mazuin Che
author_facet	Mahmood, Mazuin Che
author_sort	Mahmood, Mazuin Che
title	Determination of lead, cadmium and nickel from paint chips using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with chemometrics for forensic investigation
title_short	Determination of lead, cadmium and nickel from paint chips using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with chemometrics for forensic investigation
title_full	Determination of lead, cadmium and nickel from paint chips using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with chemometrics for forensic investigation
title_fullStr	Determination of lead, cadmium and nickel from paint chips using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with chemometrics for forensic investigation
title_full_unstemmed	Determination of lead, cadmium and nickel from paint chips using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with chemometrics for forensic investigation
title_sort	determination of lead, cadmium and nickel from paint chips using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with chemometrics for forensic investigation
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan
publishDate	2022
url	http://eprints.usm.my/58465/1/MAZUIN%20CHE%20MAHMOOD-24%20pages.pdf
_version_	1776101223504543744

Determination of lead, cadmium and nickel from paint chips using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with chemometrics for forensic investigation

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