Synthesis, Characterization And Catalytic Study Of Microporous Silicoaluminophosphates In The Esterification Of Levulinic Acid With Ethanol

Silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO-n) number 34 (SAPO-34) and number 35 (SAPO-35) are eight-membered small pore zeolites commonly used as catalysts in the petrochemical industry. However, the time-dependent formation study of these zeolites is rarely studied and their syntheses generally require long crys...

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Main Author:	Ma, Yik Ken
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2022
Subjects:	QD1-999 Chemistry
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/59384/1/MA%20YIK%20KEN%20-%20TESIS%20cut.pdf
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spelling	my-usm-ep.593842023-09-14T07:44:13Z Synthesis, Characterization And Catalytic Study Of Microporous Silicoaluminophosphates In The Esterification Of Levulinic Acid With Ethanol 2022-07 Ma, Yik Ken QD1-999 Chemistry Silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO-n) number 34 (SAPO-34) and number 35 (SAPO-35) are eight-membered small pore zeolites commonly used as catalysts in the petrochemical industry. However, the time-dependent formation study of these zeolites is rarely studied and their syntheses generally require long crystallization time (at least 24 h) due to the use of organic aminic structural directing agents (SDAs). This project focuses on the hydrothermal synthesis and time-dependent evolution of SAPO-34 and SAPO-35 using a novel 1-propylpyridinium hydroxide ([PPy]OH) SDA. The microscopic and spectroscopic investigations reveal that induction and nucleation precede the formation of fully crystalline SAPO-34 at 200 oC for 19 h which partially transformed into SAPO-36 at 30 h, while pure SAPO-35 (200 oC, 21 h) was obtained from the intrazeolite transformation from SAPO-34. Notably, the [PPy]OH-templated SAPO-34 and SAPO-35 show higher porosity, silicon content and acidity compared to other templating systems. The crystallized SAPO-34 and SAPO-35 were also used to catalyze the esterification of levulinic acid and ethanol under non-microwave instant heating method. The SAPO-34 and SAPO-35 show 93.4% and 96.3% LA conversion, respectively, with 100% selectivity to ethyl levulinate at 190 oC and 20 min. The catalysts also show excellent reusability for at least five cycles and are potential alternatives to the traditional homogenous acid catalysts in the esterification reaction. 2022-07 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/59384/ http://eprints.usm.my/59384/1/MA%20YIK%20KEN%20-%20TESIS%20cut.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QD1-999 Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD1-999 Chemistry Ma, Yik Ken Synthesis, Characterization And Catalytic Study Of Microporous Silicoaluminophosphates In The Esterification Of Levulinic Acid With Ethanol
description	Silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO-n) number 34 (SAPO-34) and number 35 (SAPO-35) are eight-membered small pore zeolites commonly used as catalysts in the petrochemical industry. However, the time-dependent formation study of these zeolites is rarely studied and their syntheses generally require long crystallization time (at least 24 h) due to the use of organic aminic structural directing agents (SDAs). This project focuses on the hydrothermal synthesis and time-dependent evolution of SAPO-34 and SAPO-35 using a novel 1-propylpyridinium hydroxide ([PPy]OH) SDA. The microscopic and spectroscopic investigations reveal that induction and nucleation precede the formation of fully crystalline SAPO-34 at 200 oC for 19 h which partially transformed into SAPO-36 at 30 h, while pure SAPO-35 (200 oC, 21 h) was obtained from the intrazeolite transformation from SAPO-34. Notably, the [PPy]OH-templated SAPO-34 and SAPO-35 show higher porosity, silicon content and acidity compared to other templating systems. The crystallized SAPO-34 and SAPO-35 were also used to catalyze the esterification of levulinic acid and ethanol under non-microwave instant heating method. The SAPO-34 and SAPO-35 show 93.4% and 96.3% LA conversion, respectively, with 100% selectivity to ethyl levulinate at 190 oC and 20 min. The catalysts also show excellent reusability for at least five cycles and are potential alternatives to the traditional homogenous acid catalysts in the esterification reaction.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Ma, Yik Ken
author_facet	Ma, Yik Ken
author_sort	Ma, Yik Ken
title	Synthesis, Characterization And Catalytic Study Of Microporous Silicoaluminophosphates In The Esterification Of Levulinic Acid With Ethanol
title_short	Synthesis, Characterization And Catalytic Study Of Microporous Silicoaluminophosphates In The Esterification Of Levulinic Acid With Ethanol
title_full	Synthesis, Characterization And Catalytic Study Of Microporous Silicoaluminophosphates In The Esterification Of Levulinic Acid With Ethanol
title_fullStr	Synthesis, Characterization And Catalytic Study Of Microporous Silicoaluminophosphates In The Esterification Of Levulinic Acid With Ethanol
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis, Characterization And Catalytic Study Of Microporous Silicoaluminophosphates In The Esterification Of Levulinic Acid With Ethanol
title_sort	synthesis, characterization and catalytic study of microporous silicoaluminophosphates in the esterification of levulinic acid with ethanol
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia
publishDate	2022
url	http://eprints.usm.my/59384/1/MA%20YIK%20KEN%20-%20TESIS%20cut.pdf
_version_	1783729545168289792

Synthesis, Characterization And Catalytic Study Of Microporous Silicoaluminophosphates In The Esterification Of Levulinic Acid With Ethanol

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