Development And Characterization Of Topical Phospholipid Formulations Containing Chromolaena Odorata Extract To Ameliorate Skin Ageing

Skin ageing is accelerated by external factors such as UV radiation and environmental pollutants. The instability of natural antioxidants that have been used to counteract the damaging effects, along with the need to penetrate the skin to reach the affected layer, are great challenges. This study in...

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Main Author:	Hussein Majeed, Shakho Shahad
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2022
Subjects:	RS1-441 Pharmacy and materia medica
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/60126/1/24%20Pages%20from%20SHAKHO%20SHAHAD%20HUSSEIN%20MAJEED.pdf
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spelling	my-usm-ep.601262024-03-12T01:51:39Z Development And Characterization Of Topical Phospholipid Formulations Containing Chromolaena Odorata Extract To Ameliorate Skin Ageing 2022-11 Hussein Majeed, Shakho Shahad RS1-441 Pharmacy and materia medica Skin ageing is accelerated by external factors such as UV radiation and environmental pollutants. The instability of natural antioxidants that have been used to counteract the damaging effects, along with the need to penetrate the skin to reach the affected layer, are great challenges. This study involved the preparation of four phospholipid-based topical formulations containing Chromolaena odorata (CO) extract to ameliorate the effects of skin ageing. Liposomes, transfersomes, ethosomes and lecithin organogels (LOs) were selected as they were deemed to be able to deliver the extract to the dermal layer and retain it adequately to exert anti-ageing effects. Characterization studies revealed that the smallest mean particle size of 281.77 ± 6.33 nm, was formed by the CO-loaded liposomes. The zeta potential of the formulations was in the range of -88.7 ± 8.70 to -27.07 ± 0.86 mV. The pH of the formulations was in the range of 6.8 to 7.4. Entrapment efficiency (EE) of CO-loaded liposomes and CO-loaded ethosomes was 77.12% ± 2.10 and 69.40% ± 2.29, respectively. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) results showed that all vesicles were spherical in shape whilst 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) confirmed the entrapment of extract molecules in the phospholipid bilayers. Stability studies revealed that CO-loaded ethosomes showed the longest stability, among all the formulations, at both 4 °C xix ± 2 °C and 30 °C ± 2 °C up to one year. The in vitro release study outcomes revealed that the highest percentage of the extract release was observed from CO-loaded ethosomes (68%). 2022-11 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/60126/ http://eprints.usm.my/60126/1/24%20Pages%20from%20SHAKHO%20SHAHAD%20HUSSEIN%20MAJEED.pdf application/pdf en public phd doctoral Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut Pusat Pengajian Sains Farmasi
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	RS1-441 Pharmacy and materia medica
spellingShingle	RS1-441 Pharmacy and materia medica Hussein Majeed, Shakho Shahad Development And Characterization Of Topical Phospholipid Formulations Containing Chromolaena Odorata Extract To Ameliorate Skin Ageing
description	Skin ageing is accelerated by external factors such as UV radiation and environmental pollutants. The instability of natural antioxidants that have been used to counteract the damaging effects, along with the need to penetrate the skin to reach the affected layer, are great challenges. This study involved the preparation of four phospholipid-based topical formulations containing Chromolaena odorata (CO) extract to ameliorate the effects of skin ageing. Liposomes, transfersomes, ethosomes and lecithin organogels (LOs) were selected as they were deemed to be able to deliver the extract to the dermal layer and retain it adequately to exert anti-ageing effects. Characterization studies revealed that the smallest mean particle size of 281.77 ± 6.33 nm, was formed by the CO-loaded liposomes. The zeta potential of the formulations was in the range of -88.7 ± 8.70 to -27.07 ± 0.86 mV. The pH of the formulations was in the range of 6.8 to 7.4. Entrapment efficiency (EE) of CO-loaded liposomes and CO-loaded ethosomes was 77.12% ± 2.10 and 69.40% ± 2.29, respectively. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) results showed that all vesicles were spherical in shape whilst 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) confirmed the entrapment of extract molecules in the phospholipid bilayers. Stability studies revealed that CO-loaded ethosomes showed the longest stability, among all the formulations, at both 4 °C xix ± 2 °C and 30 °C ± 2 °C up to one year. The in vitro release study outcomes revealed that the highest percentage of the extract release was observed from CO-loaded ethosomes (68%).
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Hussein Majeed, Shakho Shahad
author_facet	Hussein Majeed, Shakho Shahad
author_sort	Hussein Majeed, Shakho Shahad
title	Development And Characterization Of Topical Phospholipid Formulations Containing Chromolaena Odorata Extract To Ameliorate Skin Ageing
title_short	Development And Characterization Of Topical Phospholipid Formulations Containing Chromolaena Odorata Extract To Ameliorate Skin Ageing
title_full	Development And Characterization Of Topical Phospholipid Formulations Containing Chromolaena Odorata Extract To Ameliorate Skin Ageing
title_fullStr	Development And Characterization Of Topical Phospholipid Formulations Containing Chromolaena Odorata Extract To Ameliorate Skin Ageing
title_full_unstemmed	Development And Characterization Of Topical Phospholipid Formulations Containing Chromolaena Odorata Extract To Ameliorate Skin Ageing
title_sort	development and characterization of topical phospholipid formulations containing chromolaena odorata extract to ameliorate skin ageing
granting_institution	Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Sains Farmasi
publishDate	2022
url	http://eprints.usm.my/60126/1/24%20Pages%20from%20SHAKHO%20SHAHAD%20HUSSEIN%20MAJEED.pdf
_version_	1794024093536747520

Development And Characterization Of Topical Phospholipid Formulations Containing Chromolaena Odorata Extract To Ameliorate Skin Ageing

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