The Intrinsic Role Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensors In The Mechanism Underlying The Depressive Symptoms And Kratom Dependence In Chronic Kratom Users

Background: This study aimed to determine the differences in the mRNA and protein expression of ER stress sensors (such as BiP, XBP1, ATF4 and CHOP) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) between non-drug using healthy controls and regular kratom users, evaluate how alterations of ER stre...

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Main Author:	Fauzi, Nurul Atiqah Muhamad
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2023
Subjects:	R5-920 Medicine (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/60349/1/SARA%20ABHARI%20-%20TESIS%20cut.pdf
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id	my-usm-ep.60349
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-usm-ep.603492024-04-04T08:30:21Z The Intrinsic Role Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensors In The Mechanism Underlying The Depressive Symptoms And Kratom Dependence In Chronic Kratom Users 2023-07 Fauzi, Nurul Atiqah Muhamad R5-920 Medicine (General) Background: This study aimed to determine the differences in the mRNA and protein expression of ER stress sensors (such as BiP, XBP1, ATF4 and CHOP) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) between non-drug using healthy controls and regular kratom users, evaluate how alterations of ER stress sensors expression was associated with the kratom use patterns (such as first age of using kratom, kratom use duration, kratom use average daily frequency, kratom use average daily quantity, and time of last kratom use prior to blood collection) and assess the correlations between the mRNA and protein expression of ER stress sensors in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) among regular kratom users and the severity of depressive symptoms on kratom abstinence and kratom dependence severity. Methods: Data on socio-demographic characteristics were collected from kratom users and healthy controls. While data on kratom use patterns, kratom dependence severity and depressive symptoms on kratom abstinence were collected from kratom users. The expression of mRNA and protein of selected ER stress sensors (such as BiP, XBP1, ATF4 and CHOP) in the PBMCs of kratom users and healthy controls were measured with qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Results: A total of 20 kratom users and 20 healthy controls completed the study. The levels of expression of mRNA and protein of BiP were significantly elevated in kratom users compared with healthy controls regardless of the kratom use patterns. 2023-07 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/60349/ http://eprints.usm.my/60349/1/SARA%20ABHARI%20-%20TESIS%20cut.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Institut Perubatan & Pergigian Termaju
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	R5-920 Medicine (General)
spellingShingle	R5-920 Medicine (General) Fauzi, Nurul Atiqah Muhamad The Intrinsic Role Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensors In The Mechanism Underlying The Depressive Symptoms And Kratom Dependence In Chronic Kratom Users
description	Background: This study aimed to determine the differences in the mRNA and protein expression of ER stress sensors (such as BiP, XBP1, ATF4 and CHOP) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) between non-drug using healthy controls and regular kratom users, evaluate how alterations of ER stress sensors expression was associated with the kratom use patterns (such as first age of using kratom, kratom use duration, kratom use average daily frequency, kratom use average daily quantity, and time of last kratom use prior to blood collection) and assess the correlations between the mRNA and protein expression of ER stress sensors in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) among regular kratom users and the severity of depressive symptoms on kratom abstinence and kratom dependence severity. Methods: Data on socio-demographic characteristics were collected from kratom users and healthy controls. While data on kratom use patterns, kratom dependence severity and depressive symptoms on kratom abstinence were collected from kratom users. The expression of mRNA and protein of selected ER stress sensors (such as BiP, XBP1, ATF4 and CHOP) in the PBMCs of kratom users and healthy controls were measured with qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Results: A total of 20 kratom users and 20 healthy controls completed the study. The levels of expression of mRNA and protein of BiP were significantly elevated in kratom users compared with healthy controls regardless of the kratom use patterns.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Fauzi, Nurul Atiqah Muhamad
author_facet	Fauzi, Nurul Atiqah Muhamad
author_sort	Fauzi, Nurul Atiqah Muhamad
title	The Intrinsic Role Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensors In The Mechanism Underlying The Depressive Symptoms And Kratom Dependence In Chronic Kratom Users
title_short	The Intrinsic Role Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensors In The Mechanism Underlying The Depressive Symptoms And Kratom Dependence In Chronic Kratom Users
title_full	The Intrinsic Role Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensors In The Mechanism Underlying The Depressive Symptoms And Kratom Dependence In Chronic Kratom Users
title_fullStr	The Intrinsic Role Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensors In The Mechanism Underlying The Depressive Symptoms And Kratom Dependence In Chronic Kratom Users
title_full_unstemmed	The Intrinsic Role Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensors In The Mechanism Underlying The Depressive Symptoms And Kratom Dependence In Chronic Kratom Users
title_sort	intrinsic role of endoplasmic reticulum stress sensors in the mechanism underlying the depressive symptoms and kratom dependence in chronic kratom users
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Institut Perubatan & Pergigian Termaju
publishDate	2023
url	http://eprints.usm.my/60349/1/SARA%20ABHARI%20-%20TESIS%20cut.pdf
_version_	1804888918931275776

The Intrinsic Role Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensors In The Mechanism Underlying The Depressive Symptoms And Kratom Dependence In Chronic Kratom Users

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