The association of mammographic density, age and positive family history with molecular subtypes among breast cancer patient in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia

Introduction. Breast cancer is one of the commonest cancers among females. Multiple risk factors such as age, family history, mammogram density, and molecular subtypes are associated with the formation of breast carcinoma. Each factor causes the carcinogenesis of breast cancer in different mechanism...

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Main Author:	Ismail, Siti Fitriwati Khazis
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2021
Subjects:	R Medicine
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/60673/1/SITI%20FITRIWATI%20KHAZIS%20BINTI%20ISMAIL-E.pdf
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spelling	my-usm-ep.606732024-07-17T00:51:37Z The association of mammographic density, age and positive family history with molecular subtypes among breast cancer patient in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia 2021 Ismail, Siti Fitriwati Khazis R Medicine RC254-282 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer) Introduction. Breast cancer is one of the commonest cancers among females. Multiple risk factors such as age, family history, mammogram density, and molecular subtypes are associated with the formation of breast carcinoma. Each factor causes the carcinogenesis of breast cancer in different mechanisms. Mammogram is one of the gold imaging modalities to diagnose breast cancer. Based on the imaging, a woman’s breasts can be categorised as non-dense and dense parenchyma. There is a clinically proven association between mammogram parenchyma density and breast cancer development. In addition, the prognosis of breast cancer is linked to the molecular subtypes, namely the “non-triple-negative” and “triple-negative” subtype depending on type of hormonal receptor that detected. To date, the association between molecular subtypes and the major risk factors of breast cancer is still poorly defined, especially among the Malaysian population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the association between molecular subtypes with the mammogram density and other risk factors. Patients and methods. A cross-sectional study involving breast cancer patients of 18 years and above was conducted in the Hospital USM. Their mammogram and molecular subtype results were obtained. The mammogram was categorised as non-dense and dense while the molecular subtypes were divided into non-triple-negative and triple-negative. Other variables collected in this study were the patients’ age and family history of breast cancer. The proportion of non-dense and dense breasts among the patients was presented as descriptive analysis. The association between mammographic density, age, family history of breast cancer, and molecular subtype was tested using multiple logistic regression. esults. There were 280 participants in this study. The majority of them were Malays (n = 248, 98.6%) and aged 50 years and above (n = 220, 78.6%). Slightly more than half of them (n = 159, 56.8%) had non-dense breast. A high number of them reported no family history of breast cancer, (n = 246, 87.9%). Multiple logistic regression showed that the molecular subtypes of breast cancer was not significantly related to breast density, age, and family history of breast cancer. Conclusions. Based on the findings, breast density, age, and family history were not directly related to the molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Nonetheless, a case-control study with a larger sample size is recommended to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between breast density, age, and family history with the molecular subtype of breast tissue. 2021 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/60673/ http://eprints.usm.my/60673/1/SITI%20FITRIWATI%20KHAZIS%20BINTI%20ISMAIL-E.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	R Medicine R Medicine
spellingShingle	R Medicine R Medicine Ismail, Siti Fitriwati Khazis The association of mammographic density, age and positive family history with molecular subtypes among breast cancer patient in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
description	Introduction. Breast cancer is one of the commonest cancers among females. Multiple risk factors such as age, family history, mammogram density, and molecular subtypes are associated with the formation of breast carcinoma. Each factor causes the carcinogenesis of breast cancer in different mechanisms. Mammogram is one of the gold imaging modalities to diagnose breast cancer. Based on the imaging, a woman’s breasts can be categorised as non-dense and dense parenchyma. There is a clinically proven association between mammogram parenchyma density and breast cancer development. In addition, the prognosis of breast cancer is linked to the molecular subtypes, namely the “non-triple-negative” and “triple-negative” subtype depending on type of hormonal receptor that detected. To date, the association between molecular subtypes and the major risk factors of breast cancer is still poorly defined, especially among the Malaysian population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the association between molecular subtypes with the mammogram density and other risk factors. Patients and methods. A cross-sectional study involving breast cancer patients of 18 years and above was conducted in the Hospital USM. Their mammogram and molecular subtype results were obtained. The mammogram was categorised as non-dense and dense while the molecular subtypes were divided into non-triple-negative and triple-negative. Other variables collected in this study were the patients’ age and family history of breast cancer. The proportion of non-dense and dense breasts among the patients was presented as descriptive analysis. The association between mammographic density, age, family history of breast cancer, and molecular subtype was tested using multiple logistic regression. esults. There were 280 participants in this study. The majority of them were Malays (n = 248, 98.6%) and aged 50 years and above (n = 220, 78.6%). Slightly more than half of them (n = 159, 56.8%) had non-dense breast. A high number of them reported no family history of breast cancer, (n = 246, 87.9%). Multiple logistic regression showed that the molecular subtypes of breast cancer was not significantly related to breast density, age, and family history of breast cancer. Conclusions. Based on the findings, breast density, age, and family history were not directly related to the molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Nonetheless, a case-control study with a larger sample size is recommended to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between breast density, age, and family history with the molecular subtype of breast tissue.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Ismail, Siti Fitriwati Khazis
author_facet	Ismail, Siti Fitriwati Khazis
author_sort	Ismail, Siti Fitriwati Khazis
title	The association of mammographic density, age and positive family history with molecular subtypes among breast cancer patient in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
title_short	The association of mammographic density, age and positive family history with molecular subtypes among breast cancer patient in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
title_full	The association of mammographic density, age and positive family history with molecular subtypes among breast cancer patient in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
title_fullStr	The association of mammographic density, age and positive family history with molecular subtypes among breast cancer patient in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	The association of mammographic density, age and positive family history with molecular subtypes among breast cancer patient in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
title_sort	association of mammographic density, age and positive family history with molecular subtypes among breast cancer patient in hospital universiti sains malaysia
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan
publishDate	2021
url	http://eprints.usm.my/60673/1/SITI%20FITRIWATI%20KHAZIS%20BINTI%20ISMAIL-E.pdf
_version_	1804888983175430144

The association of mammographic density, age and positive family history with molecular subtypes among breast cancer patient in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia

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