Modeling Of Dynamic Behavior In Closed Crack And Nonlinear Ultrasonic Array Imaging
Ultrasonic testing (UT) utilizes the traveling time and amplitude of a scattered wave from cracks in a material. A distinct scattered wave can be obtained from a crack with opening faces. It is difficult, by contrast, to detect signals from closed cracks such as stress corrosion and fatigue cracks...
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T Technology (General) T Technology (General) Ibrahim, Asriana Modeling Of Dynamic Behavior In Closed Crack And Nonlinear Ultrasonic Array Imaging |
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Ultrasonic testing (UT) utilizes the traveling time and amplitude of a scattered wave from cracks in a material. A distinct scattered wave can be obtained from a crack with
opening faces. It is difficult, by contrast, to detect signals from closed cracks such as stress corrosion and fatigue cracks using the conventional UT. Since the crack faces are in contact due to a residual stress, most of the incident wave penetrates the crack faces and a little
scattered wave will be generated. A nonlinear ultrasonic method based on contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN) which utilizes the dynamic behaviors of the contact and separation states of the crack faces is a promising method. The clapping motion of the crack faces generates harmonics in the frequency spectrum. However, the generation of the harmonics from the crack faces is so sensitive that the voltage, angle, cycle, and frequency of the incident wave
should be set in a well-chosen method.In this thesis, a modeling of the generation of the harmonics wave from the closed crack was performed to enhance the reliability of the nonlinear ultrasonic method. Here, an elastodynamic
finite integration technique (EFIT) was introduced to simulate a transient motion of the scattered wave from the closed crack. The EFIT adopted a set of split computational
nodes at the interface of the closed crack to show the contact and separation depending on the stress and opening displacement of the interface. The numerical results for one-dimensional wave field showed good agreement with the analytical solutions. The simulation results revealed
that a closing velocity of the interface was determined by the compressive pressure of the material and was validated by the experimental measurement with polymethylmethacrylate
(PMMA) specimens. The appropriate conditions to obtain the nonlinear ultrasonic wave in the case of ultrasonic array testing were determined by performing two-dimensional simulations.An imaging method of the closed crack using an array transducer was investigated using the EFIT simulation. The full waveforms sampling and processing (FSAP) was applied as the imaging technique. For the generation of the nonlinear ultrasonic wave from the closed
crack, the FSAP was modified to an algorithm which can transmit a strong beam from the array transducer by setting the delay for all elements electronically. The second harmonic component which extracted from the scattered wave using a band-pass filter was used as the input to the FSAP imaging technique. From the results, it was found that the shape and the location of the closed crack can be reconstructed when the amplitude, frequency, cycle, and
angle of the incident wave are set at appropriate values. |
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Thesis |
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Ibrahim, Asriana |
| author_facet |
Ibrahim, Asriana |
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Ibrahim, Asriana |
| title |
Modeling Of Dynamic Behavior In Closed Crack And Nonlinear Ultrasonic Array Imaging |
| title_short |
Modeling Of Dynamic Behavior In Closed Crack And Nonlinear Ultrasonic Array Imaging |
| title_full |
Modeling Of Dynamic Behavior In Closed Crack And Nonlinear Ultrasonic Array Imaging |
| title_fullStr |
Modeling Of Dynamic Behavior In Closed Crack And Nonlinear Ultrasonic Array Imaging |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling Of Dynamic Behavior In Closed Crack And Nonlinear Ultrasonic Array Imaging |
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modeling of dynamic behavior in closed crack and nonlinear ultrasonic array imaging |
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Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka |
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Faculty Of Mechanical Engineering |
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2017 |
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http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/19050/1/Modeling%20of%20Dynamic%20Behavior%20in%20Closed%20Crack%20and%20Nonlinear%20Ultrasonic%20Array%20Imaging.pdf |
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my-utem-ep.190502021-01-05T16:28:40Z Modeling Of Dynamic Behavior In Closed Crack And Nonlinear Ultrasonic Array Imaging 2017 Ibrahim, Asriana T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Ultrasonic testing (UT) utilizes the traveling time and amplitude of a scattered wave from cracks in a material. A distinct scattered wave can be obtained from a crack with opening faces. It is difficult, by contrast, to detect signals from closed cracks such as stress corrosion and fatigue cracks using the conventional UT. Since the crack faces are in contact due to a residual stress, most of the incident wave penetrates the crack faces and a little scattered wave will be generated. A nonlinear ultrasonic method based on contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN) which utilizes the dynamic behaviors of the contact and separation states of the crack faces is a promising method. The clapping motion of the crack faces generates harmonics in the frequency spectrum. However, the generation of the harmonics from the crack faces is so sensitive that the voltage, angle, cycle, and frequency of the incident wave should be set in a well-chosen method.In this thesis, a modeling of the generation of the harmonics wave from the closed crack was performed to enhance the reliability of the nonlinear ultrasonic method. Here, an elastodynamic finite integration technique (EFIT) was introduced to simulate a transient motion of the scattered wave from the closed crack. The EFIT adopted a set of split computational nodes at the interface of the closed crack to show the contact and separation depending on the stress and opening displacement of the interface. The numerical results for one-dimensional wave field showed good agreement with the analytical solutions. The simulation results revealed that a closing velocity of the interface was determined by the compressive pressure of the material and was validated by the experimental measurement with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) specimens. The appropriate conditions to obtain the nonlinear ultrasonic wave in the case of ultrasonic array testing were determined by performing two-dimensional simulations.An imaging method of the closed crack using an array transducer was investigated using the EFIT simulation. The full waveforms sampling and processing (FSAP) was applied as the imaging technique. For the generation of the nonlinear ultrasonic wave from the closed crack, the FSAP was modified to an algorithm which can transmit a strong beam from the array transducer by setting the delay for all elements electronically. The second harmonic component which extracted from the scattered wave using a band-pass filter was used as the input to the FSAP imaging technique. From the results, it was found that the shape and the location of the closed crack can be reconstructed when the amplitude, frequency, cycle, and angle of the incident wave are set at appropriate values. 2017 Thesis http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/19050/ http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/19050/1/Modeling%20of%20Dynamic%20Behavior%20in%20Closed%20Crack%20and%20Nonlinear%20Ultrasonic%20Array%20Imaging.pdf text en public https://plh.utem.edu.my/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=102976 phd doctoral Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Faculty Of Mechanical Engineering 1. Achenbach, J.D.: Quantitative nondestructive evaluation, International Journal of Solids and Structures, Vol.37, No.1-2, pp.13–27, 2000. 2. Datta, S.K., Achenbach, J.D. and Rajapakse, Y.S.: Elastic waves and ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation, North-Holland, ISBN-978-0444874856, 1990. 3. 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Shui, Y. and Solodov, I.Y.: Nonlinear properties of Rayleigh and stoneley waves in solids, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol.64, No.11, pp.6155–6165, 1988. 14. Shull, D.J., Hamilton, M.F., Il’insky, Y.A. and Zabolotskaya, E.A.: Harmonic generation in plane and cylindrical nonlinear Rayleigh waves, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol.94, No.1, pp.418–427, 1993. 15. Jeremiah J. Rushchitsky, Nonlinear Elastic Waves in Materials, Springer, ISBN 978- 3319004631, 2014. 16.Solodov, I.Y.: Nonlinear NDE using contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN), In Ultrasonics Symposium, IEEE Proceedings, Vol.2, pp.1279–1283, 1994. 17. Severin, F.M., Solodov, I.Y. and Shkulanov, Y.N.: Experimental observation of sound nonlinearity in the reflection from an interface between solids, Moscow University Physics Bulletin, Springer, Vol.43, pp.105–107, 1988. 18. Len, K.S., Severin, F.M., Solodov, I. and Wood, J.: Experimental observation of the influence of contact nonlinearity on the reflection of bulk acoustic waves and the propagation of surface acoustic waves, Soviet Physics Acoustics, Vol.37, No.6, pp.610– 612, 1991. 19. Richardson, J.M.: Harmonic generation at an unbonded interface-I. planar interface between semi-infinite elastic media, International Journal of Engineering Science, Vol.17, No.1, pp.73–85, 1979. 20. Buck, O., Morris, W. L. and Richardson, J. M.: Acoustic harmonic generation at unbonded interfaces and fatigue cracks, Applied Physics Letters, Vol.33, No.5, pp.371– 373, 1978. 21. Nagy, P. B.: Fatigue damage assessment by nonlinear ultrasonic materials characterization, Ultrasonics, Vol.36, No.1, pp.375–381, 1998. 22. Cantrell, J. H. and Yost, W. T.: Nonlinear ultrasonic characterization of fatigue microstructures, International Journal of Fatigue, Vol.23, pp.487–490, 2001. 23. Ohara, Y. and Kawashima, K.: Detection of internal micro defects by nonlinear resonant ultrasonic method using water immersion, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol.43, No.5B, pp.3119–3120, 2004. 24. Mendelsohn, D.A. and Doong, J.M.: Transient dynamic elastic frictional contact: a general 2D boundary element formulation with examples of SH motion, Wave Motion, Vol.11, No.1, pp.1–21, 1989. 25. Hirose, S.: 2-D scattering by a crack with contact-boundary conditions, Wave Motion, Vol.19, No.1, pp.37–49, 1994. 26. Hirose, S. and Achenbach, J.D.: Higher harmonics in the far field due to dynamic crack |