Online Booking Systems To Manage Queue At Road Transport Department

Long waiting time has long been subjected as one of the main issues at the public sector service counter. This situation was not time justification and may trigger citizen to charge bad perceptions on the service provided which lead to downgraded reputation of the public sector. Road Transport Depar...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Jiga, Iviana
Format: Thesis
Language:English
English
Published: 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20763/1/Online%20Booking%20Systems%20To%20Manage%20Queue%20At%20Road%20Transport%20Department%20-%20Iviana%20Jiga%20-%2024%20Pages.pdf
http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20763/2/Online%20Booking%20Systems%20To%20Manage%20Queue%20At%20Road%20Transport%20Department%20-%20Iviana%20Jiga.pdf
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id my-utem-ep.20763
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
collection UTeM Repository
language English
English
topic Q Science (General)
QA76 Computer software
spellingShingle Q Science (General)
QA76 Computer software
Jiga, Iviana
Online Booking Systems To Manage Queue At Road Transport Department
description Long waiting time has long been subjected as one of the main issues at the public sector service counter. This situation was not time justification and may trigger citizen to charge bad perceptions on the service provided which lead to downgraded reputation of the public sector. Road Transport Department (RTD) is one of the public sectors in Malaysia that has been experiencing the issue of excessive waits at their service counter. There were several alternatives that had been introduced to restrain this problem such as the implementation of e-government service through RTD official portal and providing other units to segregate demand such as commencement of other agencies including UTC and myEG. However, this situation still takes place and become one of the most pressing policy issues affecting RTD. Thus, the purpose of this study is to propose an online system that will aid in managing queue during the service and hence, to optimize the waiting time. There was few methods involved in order to achieve the objectives, including conducting observation, semi-structure interview and time study at RTD Bukit Katil, Melaka, develop the online system by using Adobe Dream Weaver, Adobe Cold Fusion and Oracle SQL Developer software, and verify and validate the system through questionnaire and usability study. The first online system is through online queue number booking system. Through this system, clients are able to book their queue number through online system. Besides that, this system also provides the waiting time duration to the clients so that they are able to present at the counter just in time before their service. The second proposal is by using an online queuing system. This system enables clients to book their appointments with the RTD staff according to the specific time. This system also allows client to come and to be attended on time. Through this system, in hope that the waiting time at the RTD could be optimize, besides improving the customer satisfaction and can be a reference for other government agencies to improve their services.
format Thesis
qualification_name Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.)
qualification_level Master's degree
author Jiga, Iviana
author_facet Jiga, Iviana
author_sort Jiga, Iviana
title Online Booking Systems To Manage Queue At Road Transport Department
title_short Online Booking Systems To Manage Queue At Road Transport Department
title_full Online Booking Systems To Manage Queue At Road Transport Department
title_fullStr Online Booking Systems To Manage Queue At Road Transport Department
title_full_unstemmed Online Booking Systems To Manage Queue At Road Transport Department
title_sort online booking systems to manage queue at road transport department
granting_institution Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
granting_department Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering
publishDate 2016
url http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20763/1/Online%20Booking%20Systems%20To%20Manage%20Queue%20At%20Road%20Transport%20Department%20-%20Iviana%20Jiga%20-%2024%20Pages.pdf
http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20763/2/Online%20Booking%20Systems%20To%20Manage%20Queue%20At%20Road%20Transport%20Department%20-%20Iviana%20Jiga.pdf
_version_ 1747834001522950144
spelling my-utem-ep.207632021-10-08T16:50:18Z Online Booking Systems To Manage Queue At Road Transport Department 2016 Jiga, Iviana Q Science (General) QA76 Computer software Long waiting time has long been subjected as one of the main issues at the public sector service counter. This situation was not time justification and may trigger citizen to charge bad perceptions on the service provided which lead to downgraded reputation of the public sector. Road Transport Department (RTD) is one of the public sectors in Malaysia that has been experiencing the issue of excessive waits at their service counter. There were several alternatives that had been introduced to restrain this problem such as the implementation of e-government service through RTD official portal and providing other units to segregate demand such as commencement of other agencies including UTC and myEG. However, this situation still takes place and become one of the most pressing policy issues affecting RTD. Thus, the purpose of this study is to propose an online system that will aid in managing queue during the service and hence, to optimize the waiting time. There was few methods involved in order to achieve the objectives, including conducting observation, semi-structure interview and time study at RTD Bukit Katil, Melaka, develop the online system by using Adobe Dream Weaver, Adobe Cold Fusion and Oracle SQL Developer software, and verify and validate the system through questionnaire and usability study. The first online system is through online queue number booking system. Through this system, clients are able to book their queue number through online system. Besides that, this system also provides the waiting time duration to the clients so that they are able to present at the counter just in time before their service. The second proposal is by using an online queuing system. This system enables clients to book their appointments with the RTD staff according to the specific time. This system also allows client to come and to be attended on time. Through this system, in hope that the waiting time at the RTD could be optimize, besides improving the customer satisfaction and can be a reference for other government agencies to improve their services. 2016 Thesis http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20763/ http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20763/1/Online%20Booking%20Systems%20To%20Manage%20Queue%20At%20Road%20Transport%20Department%20-%20Iviana%20Jiga%20-%2024%20Pages.pdf text en public http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20763/2/Online%20Booking%20Systems%20To%20Manage%20Queue%20At%20Road%20Transport%20Department%20-%20Iviana%20Jiga.pdf text en validuser https://plh.utem.edu.my/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=104941 mphil masters Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering 1. Abdullah, M.H., 2005. Study on Outpatients’ Waiting Time in Hospital University Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM) Through the Six Sigma Approach1. The Journal of the Department of Statistics, Malaysia, 1. 2. Acland, H. M. 8 (2005):, 2005. Disaffected Nation. Marketing, (8), pp. 32–35. 3. Agus, A., Barker, S., and Kandampully, J., 2007. An Exploratory Study of Service Quality in the Malaysian Public Service Sector. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Vol 24(No 2), pp. 177 – 190. 4. Agus, A., Barker, S., and Kandampully, J., 2007. An Exploratory Study of Service Quality in the Malaysian Public Service Sector. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Vol 24(No 2), pp. 177 – 190. 5. Aldana, J.M., Piechulek, H. and Al-Sabir, A., 2001. Client satisfaction and quality of health care in rural Bangladesh. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 79(6), pp.512-517. 6. Alotaibi, Y., and Liu, F., 2013. Average Waiting Time of Customers in a New Queue System with Different Classes. Business Process Management Journal, 19(1), pp. 146–168. 7. Anonymous, 2016. Cawangan Kiosk MyEG. [online] Available at: http://www.myroadtax.com/cawangan-kiosk-myeg/ (Accessed on: 5th July 2016) 8. Anonymous, 2014. Ramai kecewa masalah sistem mySIKAP. [online] Available at: http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/Kota/20140102/wk_05/Ramai-kecewa-masalah-sistem-mySIKAP (Accessed on: 5th July 2016) 9. Anonymous, 2016. Video: Ramai Kecewa Degan Kempen “Beratur Panjang” JPJ. [onlie] Available at: http://www.mynewshub.cc/2016/04/10/204684/ (Accessed on: 5th July 2016) 10. Aradhye, A.S., and Kallurkar, S.P., 2014. A Case Study of Just-in-Time System in Service Industry. Procedia Engineering, 97(07588375573), pp. 2232–2237. 11. Ashley D.W., 2000.An introduction to queueing theory in an interactive text format. Transactions on Education, 293): 1-14 12. Aurélio, M., and Bouzada, C., 2009. Dimensioning a Call Center : Simulation or Queue Theory ? The Flagship Research Journal of International Conference of the PRoduction and Operations Management Society, 2(2), pp. 34–46. 13. Awang, Z., 2012. Research methodology and data analysis. Penerbit Universiti Teknologi MARA Press. 14. Bélanger, F. and Carter, L., 2008. Trust and risk in e-government adoption.The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 17(2), pp.165-176. 15. Bevan, N., 2009, July. Extending quality in use to provide a framework for usability measurement. In International Conference on Human Centered Design (pp. 13-22). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 16. Bielen, F., and Demoulin, N., 2007. Waiting Time Influence on the Satisfaction-Loyalty Relationship in Services. Managing Service Quality, 17(2), pp. 174–193. 17. Borokov A., 2012. Stochastic Processess in Queueing Theory, Springer Science & Business Media. 18. Buckley, J., 2003. E‐service Quality and the Public Sector. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 13(6), pp. 453–462. 19. Cao, W., Wan, Y., Tu, H., Shang, F., Liu, D., Tan, Z., Sun, C., Ye, Q., and Xu, Y., 2011. A Web-Based Appointment System to Reduce Waiting for Outpatients: A Retrospective Study. BMC Health Services Research, 11, p. 318. 20. Cayirli, T. and Veral, E., 2003. Outpatient scheduling in health care: a review of literature. Production and operations management, 12(4), pp.519-549. 21. Chan, A. 2015.Liow makes surprise visit at Wangsa Maju JPJ. [online] Available at: http://www.mstar.com.my/berita/berita-semasa/2015/12/15/liow-lawatan-mengejut-jpj/ (Accessed on: 5th July 2016) 22. Christiansen, T. and Bech, M., 2013. Waiting Time Policies in the Health Care Sector. What Works?. In Oecd Health Policy Studies. OECD Publishing. 23. Chung, K. and Min, D., 2014. Staffing a service system with appointment-based customer arrivals. Journal of the Operational Research Society,65(10), pp.1533-1543. 24. Colesca, S.E. and Dobrica, L., 2008. Adoption and use of e-government services: The case of Romania. Journal of Applied Research and Technology, 6(3), pp.204-217. 25. Conway, N., and Briner, R.B., 2014. Unit-Level Linkages between Employee Commitment to the Organization, Customer Service Delivery and Customer Satisfaction. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 5192(November), pp. 1–23. 26. Cristofoli, D., Ditillo, A., Liguori, M., Sicilia, M. and Steccolini, I., 2010. Do environmental and task characteristics matter in the control of externalized local public services? Unveiling the relevance of party characteristics and citizens' offstage voice. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal,23(3), pp.350-372. 27. Curry, A., Herbert, D., and David, H., 2007. Techniques Continuous Improvement in Public Services – a Way Forward A Drienne Curry and. Managing Service Quality, 8(5), pp. 339–349. 28. Customer Management IQ, 2011. Queueing Time: A division of IQPC, IQ 29. Cohen, J.W., 2012. The single server queue (Vol. 8). Elsevier. 30. Dai, J.G., and He, S., 2012. Many-Server Queues with Customer Abandonment: A Survey of Diffusion and Fluid Approximations. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 21(1), pp. 1–36. 31. Davis, M.M. and Vollmann, T.E., 1990. A framework for relating waiting time and customer satisfaction in a service operation. Journal of Services Marketing, 4(1), pp.61-69. 32. Dewhurst, F., Martínez-Lorente, A.R., and Dale, B.G., 1999. TQM in Public Organisations: An Examination of the Issues. Managing Service Quality, 9(4), pp. 265–274. 33. Dharmawirya, M., and Adi, E., 2011. Case Study for Restaurant Queuing Model. International Conference on Management and Artificial Intelligence, 6, pp. 52–55. 34. Doğan, N.Ö., and Unutulmaz, O., 2014. Lean Production in Healthcare: A Simulation-Based Value Stream Mapping in the Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Department of a Public Hospital. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, (August), pp. 1–17. 35. Donnelly, M., Wisniewski, M., Dalrymple, J.F., and Curry, A.C., 1995. Measuring Service Quality in Local Government: The SERVQUAL Approach. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 8(7), p. 15. 36. Ehrlich, I., Georges, G.-H., Liu, Z., and Lutter, R., 1994. Productivity Growth and Firm Ownership: An Analytical and Empirical Investigation. Journal of Political Economy, 102(5), pp. 1006–1038. 37. Ferlie, E., Pettigrew, A., Asbhurner, L., Fitzgerald, L., 1996. The New Public Management in Action. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 38. Filippo, J.P., 1988. On the intangibility services. The Service Industries Journal, 8 (1), pp. 67-76 39. Fitzsimmons, J.A.& Fitzsimmons.M.J., 2008. Service Management: Operations, Strategy, Information Technology, 6th ed., McGraw-Hill. 40. Galankashi, M.R., Fallahiarezoudar, E., Moazzami, A., Yusof, N.M., and Helmi, S.A., 2016. Performance Evaluation of a Petrol Station Queuing System: A Simulation-Based Design of Experiments Study. Advances in Engineering Software, 92, pp. 15–26. 41. Gijo, E. V., and Antony, J., 2014. Reducing Patient Waiting Time in Outpatient Department Using Lean Six Sigmamethodology. Quality and Reliability Engineering International, 30(8), pp. 1481–1491. 42. Grönroos, C., 2001. Service Management and Marketing: A Customer Relationship Management Approach, 2nd ed., Chichester England: John Wiley & Son Ltd. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 43. Hafiz, H. (2016). Wanita Luah Rasa Kecewa Ada Indiviual Jual Nombor Giliran Di JPJ. [online] Available at: http://www.harianblogger.com/2016/02/wanita-luah-rasa-kecewa-ada-individu.html (Accessed on: 5th July 2016) 44. Hang, B., 2010. Web Based Long-Distance Appointment Registered System. CCTAE 2010 - 2010 International Conference on Computer and Communication Technologies in Agriculture Engineering, 3, pp. 232–235. 45. Hao, T., and Yifei, T., 2011. Study on Queuing System Optimization of Bank Based on BPR. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 10(PART A), pp. 640–646. 46. Hassan, H., Sade, A.B., and Rahman, M.S., 2013. Self-Service Technology for Hypermarket Checkout Stations. Asian Social Science, 10(1), pp. 61–65. 47. Hussein, R., Mohamed, N., Ahlan, A.R., Mahmud, M. and Aditiawarman, U., 2010, April. An integrated model on online tax adoption in Malaysia. InEuropean, Mediterranean & Middle Eastern conference on information systems (pp. 12-13). 48. Institute of Industrial and System Engineers, Website Z94.17, “Work design and measurement”, Available at: www.iienet2.org/Details.aspx?id=2606 (accessed May 6, 2016). 49. Ishijima, H., Eliakimu, E., and Mshana, J.M., 2016. The ‘5S’ Approach to Improve a Working Environment Can Reduce Waiting Time. The TQM Journal, 28(4), pp. 664–680. 50. Ismail, N.S., 2014. Kecewa terpaksa tunggu berjam-jam di JPJ Senawang. [online] Available at: http://www.sinarharian.com.my/wawancara/kecewa-terpaksa-tunggu-berjam-jam-di-jpj-senawang-1.241392 (Accessed on: 5th July 2016) 51. Kadir, S.L.S. a., Abdullah, M., and Agus, A., 2000. On Service Improvement Capacity Index: A Case Study of the Public Service Sector in Malaysia. Total Quality Management, 11(4-6), pp. 837–843. 52. Katz, K.L., Larson, B.M. and Larson, R.C., 1991. Prescription for the waiting-in-line blues: Entertain, enlighten, and engage. MIT Sloan Management Review, 32(2), p.44. 53. Kaushal, A., Zhao, Y., Peng, Q., Strome, T., Weldon, E., Zhang, M., and Chochinov, A., 2015. Evaluation of Fast Track Strategies Using Agent-Based Simulation Modeling to Reduce Waiting Time in a Hospital Emergency Department. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 50, pp. 18–31. 54. Kearsey, A., and Varey, R.J., 1998. Managerialist Thinking on Marketing for Public Services. Public Money & Management, 18(2), pp. 51–60. 55. Kokkinou, A., and Cranage, D.A., 2013. Using Self-Service Technology to Reduce Customer Waiting Times. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 33(1), pp. 435–445. 56. Krajewski L.; Ritzman L.; Malhotra M.;, 2013. Operation Management:Processes & Supply Chain, New York: Pearson. 57. Kreindler, S.A., 2010. Policy Strategies to Reduce Waits for Elective Care: A Synthesis of International Evidence. British Medical Bulletin, 95(1), pp. 7–32. 58. Krishnamoorthy, A., and Narayanan, V.C., 2011. Production Inventory with Service Time and Vacation to the Server. IMA Journal of Management Mathematics, 22(1), pp. 33–45. 59. Liao, G., and Chiang, W., 2013. Optimal Scheduling Problem for Taiwan ’ S Post Office Counters and Manpower. 2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, pp. 111–115. 60. Madadi, N., Roudsari, A.H., Wong, K.Y., and Galankashi, M.R., 2013. Modeling and Simulation of a Bank Queuing System. Proceedings of International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Modelling and Simulation, pp. 209–215. 61. Maister, D., 1985. The psychology of waiting lines. JA Czepiel, MR Solomon, CF Surprenant, eds., The Service Encounter: Managing Employee/Customer Interaction in Service Businesses. Lexington, MA: DC Heath and Company. 62. Massey, W.A., 2002. The Analysis of Queues with Time-Varying Rates for Telecommunication Models. Telecommunication Systems, 21(2-4), pp. 173–204. 63. Mehandiratta, R., 2011. Applications of queuing theory in health care.International Journal of Computing and Business Research, 2(2), pp.2229-6166. 64. Muhondwa, E. P. Y.; Leshabari, M. T. ; Mwangu, M., Mbembati, N.; Ezekiel, M.J.., 2008. East African Journal of Public Health Volume 5 Number 2 August 2008 67. Journal of Public Health, 5(2), pp. 67–73. 65. Muthuraman, K. and Lawley, M., 2008. A stochastic overbooking model for outpatient clinical scheduling with no-shows. Iie Transactions, 40(9), pp.820-837. 66. Najmuddin, A.F., Ibrahim, I.M., and Ismail, S.R., 2010. A Simulation Approach: Improving Patient Waiting Time for Multiphase Patient Flow of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department (O&G Department) in Local Specialist Centre. WSEAS Transactions on Mathematics, 9(10), pp. 778–790. 67. Nazia, S. and Ekta, S., 2014. Online Appointment Scheduling System for Hospitals–An Analytical Study. International Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology, 1, pp.21-7. 68. Ndukwe, H.C., Omale, S., and Opanuga, O.O., 2011. Reducing Queues in a Nigerian Hospital Pharmacy. 5(August), pp. 1020–1026. 69. Official Portal of Road Transport Department Malaysia, 2016. Customer Charter. [online] Available at: http://www.jpj.gov.my/en/piagam-pelanggan [Accessed on 18th July 2016] 70. Ofili, A.N. and Ofovwe, C.E., 2005. Patients' assessment of efficiency of services at a teaching hospital in a developing country. Annual of African Medicine, 4(4), pp. 150-153 71. Omachonu, V.K.&, and Einspruch, N.G., 2010. Innovation: Implications for Goods and Services. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, 07(02), pp. 109–127. 72. Omar, N.H., Awang, A. and Manaf, A.A., 2012. Integriti dari perspektif pengaduan awam: kajian kes di Jabatan Pengangkutan Jalan (JPJ) Malaysia. e-BANGI: Jurnal Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, 7(1 (special)), pp.141-155. 73. Othman, R., 2010. Determinants of Online Tax Payment System in Malaysia. International Journal of Public Information Systems, 6(1). 74. Øvretveit, J., 1990. Quality health services. Brunel Institute of Organisation and Social Studies, Brunel University. 75. Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V.A. and Berry, L.L., 1985. A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research. Journal of Marketing, pp.41-50. 76. Peter Idowu, A., Olusegun Adeosun, O., and Oladipo Williams, K., 2014. Dependable Online Appointment Booking System for Nhis Outpatient in Nigerian Teaching Hospitals. International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology, 6(4), pp. 59–73. 77. Pitchay Muthu Chelliah, P., Thurasamy, R., Alzahrani, A.I., Alfarraj, O., and Alalwan, N., 2016. E-Government Service Delivery by a Local Government Agency: The Case of E-Licensing. Telematics and Informatics, 33(4), pp. 925–935. 78. Randall, L. and Senior, M., 1994. A model for achieving quality in hospital hotel services. International Journal of contemporary hospitality management, 6(1/2), pp.68-74. 79. Rauf, W., Blitz, J.J., Geyser, M.M. and Rauf, A., 2008. Quality improvement cycles that reduced waiting times at Tshwane District Hospital Emergency Department. South African Family Practice, 50(6), pp.43-43e. 80. Robinson, L., 2003. Committed to quality: the use of quality schemes in UK public leisure services. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 13(3), pp.247-255. 81. Rohleder, T.R. and Klassen, K.J., 2000. Using client-variance information to improve dynamic appointment scheduling performance. Omega, 28(3), pp.293-302. 82. Sarkar, A., Mukhopadhyay, A.R., and Ghosh, S.K., 2011. Improvement of Service Quality by Reducing Waiting Time for Service. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 19(7), pp. 1689–1698. 83. Shahpanah, A., Hashemi, A., Nouredin, G., Zahraee, S.M., and Helmi, S.A., 2014. Reduction of Ship Waiting Time at Port Container Terminal through Enhancement of the Tug/pilot Machine Operation. Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences and Engineering), 68(3), pp. 63–66. 84. Sherwood, M.K., 1994. Difficulties in the measurement of service outputs.Monthly Labor Review, 117(3), pp.11-19. 85. Siddiquee, N.A., 2006. Public Management Reform in Malaysia. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 19(4), pp. 339–358. 86. Ta, C.H., 2010. Haul Truck Allocation via Queueing Theory. European Journal of Operation Research, 231 (3)(October), pp. 770–778. 87. Tak, S., Kulkarni, S. and More, R., 2013. A comparative time motion study of all types of patient discharges in a hospital. Glob J Med Public Health, 2, pp.1-4. 88. Takagi, H., 2014. From Computer Science to Service Science: Queues with Human Customers and Servers. Computer Networks, 66, pp. 102–111. 89. Tapping, D., 2005. The Lean Office Pocket Guide: Tools for the Elimination of Waste in Administrative Areas!. MCS Media, Inc.. 90. Teicher, J., Hughes, O., and Dow, N., 2002. E‐government: A New Route to Public Sector Quality. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 12(6), pp. 384–393. 91. Umar, I., Oche, M. O., & Umar, A.S., 2011. Patient Waiting Time in a Tertiary Health Institution in Northern Nigeria. Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, 3(2), pp. 78–82. 92. Vargo, S.L. and Lusch, R.F., 2004a. Evolving to a new dominant logic for marketing. Journal of marketing, 68(1), pp.1-17. 93. Vargo, S. L., & Lusch, R. F., 2004b. The four service marketing myths remnants of a goods-based, manufacturing model. Journal of service research, 6(4), 324-335. 94. Vasumathi. A, & Dhanavantham P, 2011. Application of Simulation Technique in Queueing Model for ATM facility, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, Dindigul 1(3). 95. Volkmar, F.R., 2013. Encyclopedia of autism spectrum disorders. Springer. 96. Wakefield, K.L., and Blodgett, J.G., 1999. Customer Response to Service Factors. Psychology and Marketing, 16(January 1999), pp. 51–68. 97. Xu, S.H., Gao, L., and Ou, J., 2007. Service Performance Analysis and Improvement for a Ticket Queue with Balking Customers. Management Science, 53(6), pp. 971–990. 98. Yan, G., and Fang, H., 2014. A Simple Simulation Method for Queue System. 2014 Sixth International Conference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics, (1), pp. 177–180. 99. Yang, M., Wang, X.J., and Xu, N., 2015. A Robust Voting Machine Allocation Model to Reduce Extreme Waiting. Omega (United Kingdom), 57, pp. 230–237. 100. Zakaria, Z., Yaacob, M.A., Yaacob, Z., Noordin, N., Sawal, M.Z.H.M., and Zakaria, Z., 2011. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in the Public Sector: A Study in Malaysia. Asian Social Science, 7(7), pp. 102–107.