Waste Reduction In Healthcare Department By Implementing Value Stream Mapping Technique

Although lean manufacturing has been employed in different sectors, its usage is more prominent in the manufacturing area. However, now the trend is certainly also spreading to other domains like the hotel and the healthcare sectors. In the healthcare domain, this approach is typically called lean...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Hasbullah, Nor Wahida
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2016
Subjects:	T Technology (General) TS Manufactures
Online Access:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20778/1/Waste%20Reduction%20In%20Healthcare%20Department%20By%20Implementing%20Value%20Stream%20Mapping%20Technique%20-%20Nor%20Wahida%20Hasbullah%20-%2024%20Pages.pdf http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20778/2/Waste%20Reduction%20In%20Healthcare%20Department%20By%20Implementing%20Value%20Stream%20Mapping%20Technique%20-%20Nor%20Wahida%20Hasbullah.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-utem-ep.20778
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
collection	UTeM Repository
language	English English
topic	T Technology (General) TS Manufactures
spellingShingle	T Technology (General) TS Manufactures Hasbullah, Nor Wahida Waste Reduction In Healthcare Department By Implementing Value Stream Mapping Technique
description	Although lean manufacturing has been employed in different sectors, its usage is more prominent in the manufacturing area. However, now the trend is certainly also spreading to other domains like the hotel and the healthcare sectors. In the healthcare domain, this approach is typically called lean healthcare. For several years, patient waiting time has remained a grave concern. Initially, it might look like the patient is not perturbed about waiting for a treatment. However, it was clear from a survey conducted in the service sector that the waiting experience is typically disapproving and has evidently impacted the overall contentment of customers with the service being offered. In Malaysia, the overall waiting time for patients in different clinics ranges from 18 to 85 minutes. Around 21 percent of patients seem to be discontented; in other words, their experienced was unfair. This study, carried out in Polyclinic Ayer Keroh, Melaka, involves workers and patients connected to the healthcare system. A robust lean tool called Value Stream Mapping is formulated to ascertain the waste existing in the present process of the healthcare system. According to the results, there is an unnecessary waste existing, including personal attitude, ambiguous information, and outmoded patient approach and clinic layout, which cause prolonged waiting times. Recommendations are made for the deployment of a new user interface, Kanban, 5s, and re-design of the present mechanism for healthcare organisations, which offer greater value-added time for patients as well as the staff, thereby decreasing the non-value added time and the waiting time.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.)
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Hasbullah, Nor Wahida
author_facet	Hasbullah, Nor Wahida
author_sort	Hasbullah, Nor Wahida
title	Waste Reduction In Healthcare Department By Implementing Value Stream Mapping Technique
title_short	Waste Reduction In Healthcare Department By Implementing Value Stream Mapping Technique
title_full	Waste Reduction In Healthcare Department By Implementing Value Stream Mapping Technique
title_fullStr	Waste Reduction In Healthcare Department By Implementing Value Stream Mapping Technique
title_full_unstemmed	Waste Reduction In Healthcare Department By Implementing Value Stream Mapping Technique
title_sort	waste reduction in healthcare department by implementing value stream mapping technique
granting_institution	Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
granting_department	Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering
publishDate	2016
url	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20778/1/Waste%20Reduction%20In%20Healthcare%20Department%20By%20Implementing%20Value%20Stream%20Mapping%20Technique%20-%20Nor%20Wahida%20Hasbullah%20-%2024%20Pages.pdf http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20778/2/Waste%20Reduction%20In%20Healthcare%20Department%20By%20Implementing%20Value%20Stream%20Mapping%20Technique%20-%20Nor%20Wahida%20Hasbullah.pdf
_version_	1747834004056309760
spelling	my-utem-ep.207782021-10-08T17:02:35Z Waste Reduction In Healthcare Department By Implementing Value Stream Mapping Technique 2016 Hasbullah, Nor Wahida T Technology (General) TS Manufactures Although lean manufacturing has been employed in different sectors, its usage is more prominent in the manufacturing area. However, now the trend is certainly also spreading to other domains like the hotel and the healthcare sectors. In the healthcare domain, this approach is typically called lean healthcare. For several years, patient waiting time has remained a grave concern. Initially, it might look like the patient is not perturbed about waiting for a treatment. However, it was clear from a survey conducted in the service sector that the waiting experience is typically disapproving and has evidently impacted the overall contentment of customers with the service being offered. In Malaysia, the overall waiting time for patients in different clinics ranges from 18 to 85 minutes. Around 21 percent of patients seem to be discontented; in other words, their experienced was unfair. This study, carried out in Polyclinic Ayer Keroh, Melaka, involves workers and patients connected to the healthcare system. A robust lean tool called Value Stream Mapping is formulated to ascertain the waste existing in the present process of the healthcare system. According to the results, there is an unnecessary waste existing, including personal attitude, ambiguous information, and outmoded patient approach and clinic layout, which cause prolonged waiting times. Recommendations are made for the deployment of a new user interface, Kanban, 5s, and re-design of the present mechanism for healthcare organisations, which offer greater value-added time for patients as well as the staff, thereby decreasing the non-value added time and the waiting time. 2016 Thesis http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20778/ http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20778/1/Waste%20Reduction%20In%20Healthcare%20Department%20By%20Implementing%20Value%20Stream%20Mapping%20Technique%20-%20Nor%20Wahida%20Hasbullah%20-%2024%20Pages.pdf text en public http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/20778/2/Waste%20Reduction%20In%20Healthcare%20Department%20By%20Implementing%20Value%20Stream%20Mapping%20Technique%20-%20Nor%20Wahida%20Hasbullah.pdf text en validuser https://plh.utem.edu.my/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=104909 mphil masters Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering 1. Atieh, A.M., Kaylani, H., Almuhtady, A. and Al-Tamimi, O., 2016. A value stream mapping and simulation hybrid approach: application to glass industry. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,84(5-8), pp.1573-1586. 2. Arslankaya, S., and Atay, H., 2015. Maintenance Management and Lean Manufacturing Practices in a Firm Which Produces Dairy Products. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 207, pp.214-224. 3. Arrieta-Posada, J.G., and Giraldo Betancur, E.A., 2014. Lean Health Care, a look through its tools, an approach from the literature. Proceedings of 25th Annual Production Operations Management Society (POMS) Conference, May. 2014. Production and Operations Management Society (POMS). 4. Alhammadi, Z.H., 2014. Lean Transformation in IT–Case Study. 5. Austin, A., 2013. A Case study of value streams and lean implementation for a small print shop. 6. Allen, D., Amini, M., Janz, B., Nichols, E., and Racer, M., 2013. The Human Supply Chain: Mapping and Modeling the Flow of Human Capital for Navy 'Seabees'. Journal of Supply Chain and Customer Relationship Management, 2013, p.1. 7. Bhasin, S., 2015. Potential Issues with Lean. In Lean Management Beyond Manufacturing (pp. 259-277). Springer International Publishing. 8. Bhat, S., Gijo, E.V., and Jnanesh, N.A., 2014. Application of Lean Six Sigma methodology in the registration process of a hospital. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 63(5), pp.613-643. 9. Brandao de Souza, L., and Archibald, A., 2008. The use of lean thinking to reduce LOS in elderly care. Proceedings of the Operational Research Applied to Health Services Conference, Toronto. 10. Braglia, M., Carmignani, G., and Zammori, F., 2006. A new value stream mapping approach for complex production systems. International journal of production research, 44(18-19), pp.3929-3952. 11. Bushell, S., and Shelest, B., 2002. Discovering lean thinking at progressive healthcare. The Journal for Quality and Participation, 25(2), p.20. 12. Barlow, G.L., 2002. Auditing hospital queuing. Managerial Auditing Journal,17(7), pp.397-403. 13. Buzby, C.M., Gerstenfeld, A., Voss, L.E. and Zeng, A.Z., 2002. Using lean principles to streamline the quotation process: a case study. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 102(9), pp.513-520. 14. Choomlucksana, J., Ongsaranakorn, M., and Suksabai, P., 2015. Improving the Productivity of Sheet Metal Stamping Subassembly Area Using the Application of Lean Manufacturing Principles. Procedia Manufacturing, 2, pp.102-107. 15. Chay, T., Xu, Y., Tiwari, A., and Chay, F., 2015. Towards lean transformation: the analysis of lean implementation frameworks. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 26(7), pp.1031-1052. 16. Coelho, S.M., Pinto, C.F., Calado, R.D., and Silva, M.B., 2013. Process Improvement in a Cancer Outpatient Chemotherapy Unit using Lean Healthcare. IFAC Proceedings Volumes (IFAC-PapersOnline), 6, pp.241-246 17. Dixit, V., and Gohil, A.M., 2015. An application of value stream mapping in manufacturing of taper roller bearing for identification of bottlenecks. Journal of Applied Engineering Research 10(9),pp.23727-23738. 18. Dahlgaard, J.J., Pettersen, J., and Dahlgaard-Park, S.M., 2011. Quality and lean health care: A system for assessing and improving the health of healthcare organisations. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence,22(6), pp.673-689. 19. Erlach, K., 2012. Value stream design: The way towards a lean factory. Springer Science & Business Media. 20. Esfandyari, A., Osman, M.R., Ismail, N., and Tahriri, F., 2011. Application of value stream mapping using simulation to decrease production lead time: a Malaysian manufacturing case. International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering, 8(2), pp.230-250. 21. Erfan, O.M., 2010. Application of lean manufacturing to improve the performance of health care sector in Libya. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 10(6), pp.117-128. 22. Faulkner, W., and Badurdeen, F., 2014. Sustainable Value Stream Mapping (Sus-VSM): methodology to visualize and assess manufacturing sustainability performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 85, pp.8-18. 23. Fillingham, D., 2007. Can lean save lives?. Leadership in Health Services,20 (4), pp.231-241. 24. Furman, C., 2005. Implementing a patient safety alert System. Nursing Economics, 23(1), p.42. 25. Korytkowski, P., 2014. Global Sensitivity Analysis of Heijunka Controlled Assembly Line. In Process Simulation and Optimization in Sustainable Logistics and Manufacturing (pp. 59-68). Springer International Publishing. 26. Grove, S.K., Burns, N., and Gray, J.R., 2014. Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. 27. Graban, M., and Natalie, L., 2011. Lean hospitals: improving quality, patient safety, and employee satisfaction. CRC Press. 28. Gahagan, S.M., 2007, January. Adding value to value stream mapping: a simulation model template for VSM. In IIE Annual Conference. Proceedings(p. 712). Institute of Industrial Engineers-Publisher. 29. Hulshof, P.J., Boucherie, R.J., Hans, E.W. and Hurink, J.L., 2013. Tactical resource allocation and elective patient admission planning in care processes. Health care management science, 16(2), pp.152-166. 30. Hamad, W., Crowe, J., and Arisha, A., 2012. Towards leaner healthcare facility: application of simulation modelling and value stream mapping. 31. Hodge, G.L., Goforth Ross, K., Joines, J.A., and Thoney, K., 2011. Adapting lean manufacturing principles to the textile industry. Production Planning & Control, 22(3), pp.237-247. 32. Hansen, B., 2006. Reducing nosocomial urinary tract infections through process improvement. Journal for Healthcare Quality, Vol. 28 No. 2, pp. 2‐9. 33. Ivasciuc, I.S., and Epuran, G., 2015. A Marketing approach on how continuous processes improvement can contribute to hotel business Organic Growth. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Economic Sciences. Series V, 8(2), p.185. 34. Ikatrinasari, Z.F., and Haryanto, E.I., 2014. Implementation of Lean Service with Value Stream Mapping at Directorate Airworthiness and Aircraft Operation, Ministry of Transportation Republic of Indonesia. Journal of Service Science and Management, 7(4), p.291. 35. Johari Dato Mohd Ghazali, R., Hazilah Abd Manaf, N., Hassan Asaari Abdullah, A., Abu Bakar, A., Salikin, F., Umapathy, M., Ali, R., Bidin, N. and Ismefariana Wan Ismail, W., 2011. Hospital waiting time: the forgotten premise of healthcare service delivery?. International journal of health care quality assurance, 24(7), pp.506-522. 36. Jimmerson, C., 2009. Value stream mapping for healthcare made easy. CRC Press. 37. Joosten, T., Bongers, I., and Janssen, R., 2009. Application of lean thinking to health care: issues and observations. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 21(5), pp.341-347. 38. Jimmerson, C., Weber, D., and Sobek, D.K., 2005. Reducing waste and errors: piloting lean principles at Intermountain Healthcare. The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety, 31(5), pp.249-257. 39. Khurum, M., Petersen, K., and Gorschek, T., 2014. Extending value stream mapping through waste definition beyond customer perspective. Journal of Software: Evolution and Process, 26(12), pp.1074-1105. 40. Kelly, A., Bryant, M., Cox, L., and Jolley, D., 2007. Improving emergency department efficiency by patient streaming to outcomes‐based teams. Australian Health Review, Vol. 31 No. 1, pp. 16‐21. 41. Kim, C.S., Hayman, J.A., Billi, J.E., Lash, K., and Lawrence, T.S., 2007. The application of lean thinking to the care of patients with bone and brain metastasis with radiation therapy. Journal of Oncology Practice, Vol. 3 No. 4, pp. 189‐93. 42. Kim, C.S., Spahlinger, D.A., Kin, J.M., and Billi, J.E., 2006. Lean health care: What can hospitals learn from a world‐class automaker?. Journal of Hospital Medicine, 1(3), pp.191-199. 43. Keyte, B. and Locher, D.A., 2004. The complete lean enterprise: Value stream mapping for administrative and office processes. CRC Press. 44. Li, X., 2014. A Literature Review on Value Stream Mapping with a Case Study of Applying Value Stream Mapping on Research Process (Doctoral dissertation, Texas A&M University). 45. Longhan, Z., Hong, L., and Shiwei, X., 2013, November. Production process improvement based on Value Stream Mapping for CY company. In 2013 6th International Conference on Information Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering (Vol. 3, pp. 226-229). IEEE. 46. Lummus, R.R., Vokurka, R.J., and Rodeghiero, B., 2006. Improving quality through value stream mapping: A case study of a physician's clinic. Total Quality Management, 17(8), pp.1063-1075. 47. Laursen, M.L., Gertsen, F., and Johansen, J., 2003. Applying lean thinking in hospitals-exploring implementation difficulties. available at: www.lindgaardconsulting.dk/pdf/altih.pdf (accessed 21 January 2016). 48. Mulla, M.L., Bhatwadekar, S.G., and Pandit, S.V., 2014. Implementation of lean manufacturing through the technique of Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) to reduce change over time. Journal of Innovative Research of Science, Engineering and Technology, 3(6), pp.13069-13076. 49. Muvunzi, C. M., 2013. Application of Lean Value Stream Mapping To Reduce Waste And Improve Productivity: A Case of Tile Manufacturing Company. International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management. 50. Mujtaba, S., Feldt, R., and Petersen, K., 2010, April. Waste and lead time reduction in a software product customization process with value stream maps. In 2010 21st australian software engineering conference (pp. 139-148). IEEE. 51. Monden, Y., 1983. Toyota production system: practical approach to production management. Engineering & Management Press. 52. Pawleski. P., and Greenwood, A., 2014. Process Simulation and Optimization in Sustainable Logistics and Manufacturing. Springer. 53. Pillay, D. I., Johari Dato Mohd Ghazali, R., Hazilah Abd Manaf, N., Hassan Asaari Abdullah, A., Abu Bakar, A., Salikin, F., Umapathy, M., Ali, R., Bidin, N. and Ismefariana Wan Ismail, W., 2011. Hospital waiting time: the forgotten premise of healthcare service delivery?. International journal of health care quality assurance, 24(7), pp.506-522. 54. Potrafke, N., 2010. The growth of public health expenditures in OECD countries: do government ideology and electoral motives matter?. Journal of health economics, 29(6), pp.797-810. 55. Poksinska, B., 2010. The current state of Lean implementation in health care: literature review. Quality Management in Healthcare, 19(4), pp.319-329. 56. Pettersen, J., 2009. Defining lean production: some conceptual and practical issues. The TQM Journal, 21(2), pp.127-142. 57. Pasqualini, F., and Zawislak, P-A., 2005. Value stream mapping in construction: A case study in a Brazilian construction company. Proc., IGLC-13, July 2005, Sydney, Australia. 58. Rohani, J.M., and Zahraee, S.M., 2015. Production line analysis via value stream mapping: A lean manufacturing process of color industry. Procedia Manufacturing, 2, pp.6-10. 59. Radnor, Z.J., Holweg, M., and Waring, J., 2012. Lean in healthcare: the unfilled promise?. Social science & medicine, 74(3), pp.364-371. 60. Rahani, A.R., and al-Ashraf, M., 2012. Production flow analysis through value stream mapping: a lean manufacturing process case study. Procedia Engineering, 41, pp.1727-1734. 61. Rasiah, R., Wan Abdullah, N.R., and Tumin, M., 2011. Markets and healthcare services in Malaysia: Critical issues. Institutions and Economies,3(3), pp.467-486. 62. Ramseook-Munhurrun, P., Lukea-Bhiwajee, S.D., and Naidoo, P., 2010. Service quality in the public service. International journal of management and marketing research, 3(1), pp.37-50. 63. Ramesh, V., Prasad, K.S., and Srinivas, T.R., 2008. Implementation of a lean model for carrying out value stream mapping in a manufacturing industry.Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering, 2(3), pp.180-196. 64. Rogers, H., Silvester, K. and Copeland, J., 2004. NHS modernisation agency's way to improve health care. British Medical Journal, Vol. 328 No. 3437, p. 463. 65. Rauch, M., Tussiwand, R., Bosco, N. and Rolink, A.G., 2009. Crucial role for BAFF-BAFF-R signaling in the survival and maintenance of mature B cells.PLoS One, 4(5), p.e5456. 66. Rother, M. & Shook, J. (1999). Learning to See: Value Stream mapping to add value and eliminate muda. The Lean Enterprise Institute, Inc Brookline, MA. 67. Singh, M.D., Singh, S., Chokshi, A., Chavan, H., and Dabhi, D., 2016. Process Flow Improvement through 5S, Kaizen and Visualization. Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 4(3), pp 2319-8753. 68. Santos, L.A., 2015. The Brazilian Air Force Uniform Distribution Process: Using Lean Thinking, Statistical Process Control and Theory of Constraints to Address Improvement Opportunities (No. AFIT-ENS-MS-15-M-151). Air Force Institute Of Technology Wright-Patterson Afb Oh Graduate School Of Engineering And Management. 69. Salunke, S.S., and Hebbar, S., 2015. Value Stream Mapping: A Continuous Improvement tool for Reduction in Total Lead Time. International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, 5(2), pp.931-934. 70. Sabaghi, M., Rostamzadeh, R. and Mascle, C., 2014. Kanban and value stream mapping analysis in lean manufacturing philosophy via simulation: a plastic fabrication (case study). International Journal of Services and Operations Management, 20(1), pp.118-140. 71. Sasikumar, A., and Kumar, K., 2013. Value Stream Mapping in a Manufacturing Company. IJCBM ISSN, pp.2319-2828. 72. Singh Gill, P., 2012. Application of value stream mapping to eliminate waste in an emergency room. Global Journal of Medical Research, 12(6). 73. Shararah, M.A., El-Kilany, K.S. and El-Sayed, A.E., 2010. Component Based Modeling and Simulation of Value Stream Mapping for Lean Production Systems. In FAIM Conference (pp. 881-888). 74. Serrano Lasa, I., Ochoa Laburu, C. and de Castro Vila, R., 2008. An evaluation of the value stream mapping tool. Business process management journal, 14(1), pp.39-52. 75. Shah, R. and Ward, P.T., 2007. Defining and developing measures of lean production. Journal of operations management, 25(4), pp.785-805. 76. Spear, S.J., 2005. Fixing health care from the inside, today. Harvard business review, (83), pp.78-91. 77. Shah, R. and Ward, P.T., 2003. Lean manufacturing: context, practice bundles, and performance. Journal of operations management, 21(2), pp.129-149. 78. Tortorella, G.L., Fogliatto, F.S., Anzanello, M., Marodin, G.A., Garcia, M., and Reis Esteves, R., 2016. Making the value flow: application of value stream mapping in a Brazilian public healthcare organisation. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, pp.1-15. 79. Tanco, M., Santos, J., Rodríguez, J.L., and Reich, J., 2014. Lean toolbox for seasonal process industries: A nougat fabrication case study. In Annals of Industrial Engineering 2012 (pp. 263-272). Springer London. 80. Teich, S.T., and Faddoul, F.F., 2013. Lean management—the journey from Toyota to healthcare. Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal, 4(2). 81. Toussaint, J.S., and Berry, L.L., 2013, January. The promise of Lean in health care. In Mayo Clinic Proceedings (Vol. 88, No. 1, pp. 74-82). Elsevier. 82. Teichgräber, U.K., and de Bucourt, M., 2012. Applying value stream mapping techniques to eliminate non-value-added waste for the procurement of endovascular stents. European journal of radiology, 81(1), pp.e47-e52. 83. Teece, D.J., 2010. Business models, business strategy and innovation. Long range planning, 43(2), pp.172-194. 84. Trangle, M.A., 2004. Pursuing perfection: Minnesota healthcare organization uses EBM and process re‐engineering to successfully apply best practices to the treatment of depression. Health Management Technology, Vol. 25 No. 9, pp. 56‐60. 85. Tragardh, B. and Lindberg, K., 2004. Curing a meagre health care system by lean methods – translating ‘chains of care’ in the Swedish health care sector. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, Vol. 19, pp. 383‐98. 86. Tapping, D., and Shuker, T., 2003. Value Stream Management for the Lean Office: Eight Steps to Planning, Mapping, & Sustaining Lean Improvements in Administrative Areas. CRC Press. 87. Uddin, M., Gupta, A., Maly, K., Nadeem, T., Godambe, S., and Zaritsky, A., 2014, June. SmartSpaghetti: Accurate and robust tracking of Human's location. In Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI), 2014 IEEE-EMBS International Conference on (pp. 129-132). IEEE. 88. Ward, A.C.,and Sobek II, D.K., 2014. Lean product and process development. Lean Enterprise Institute. 89. Wong, Y.C., and Wong, K.Y., 2011. Approaches and practices of lean manufacturing: The case of electrical and electronics companies. African Journal of Business Management, 5(6), p.2164. 90. Wilson, L.,2010. How to Implement Lean Manufacturing, McGraw-Hill. 91. Womack, J.P., and Jones, D.T., 2010. Lean thinking: banish waste and create wealth in your corporation. Simon and Schuster. 92. Woodward, G.A., Godt, L., Girard, M., Fischer, K., Feeley, S., Dunphy, M., and Bouché, B., 2007. Children's hospital and regional medical center emergency department patient flow — rapid process improvement (RPI). in Chalice, R. (Ed.), Improving Healthcare Quality Using Toyota lean Production Methods: 46 Steps for Improvement, Quality Press, Milwaukee, WI, pp. 145‐50. 93. William, J.S., and Sum, C.C., 2010. Operations management: an Asian perspective ia an Asian adaptation of operation management. Ninth edition. McGraw-Hill Education (Asia). Pp 333-337 94. Womack, J. P.,Jones, D. T. (2003). “Lean Thinking: Banish Waste and Create Wealth in Your Corporation”, 2nd edition, Simon & Schuster, London. 95. Womack, J.P., and Jones, D.T., 1996. Lean thinking: Banish waste and create wealth in your organisation. Simon and Shuster, New York, NY, 397. 96. Womack, J.P., Jones, D.T., and Roos, D., 1990. Machine that changed the world. Simon and Schuster. 97. Zahraee, S.M., Hashemi, A., Abdi, A.A., Shahpanah, A. and Rohani, J.M., 2014. Lean Manufacturing Implementation Through Value Stream Mapping: A Case Study. Jurnal Teknologi, 68(3). 98. Zahraee, S.M., Hatami, M., Yusof, N.M., Rohani, J.M., and Ziaei, F., 2013. Combined Use of Design of Experiment and Computer Simulation for Resources Level Determination in Concrete Pouring Process. Jurnal Teknologi, 64(1). 99. Zhu, L., 2013. A Review of Rural Healthcare System Weaknesses in China: Moving toward Universal Coverage by Applying the Benchmarks of Fairness.

Waste Reduction In Healthcare Department By Implementing Value Stream Mapping Technique

Similar Items