Dielectric Strength And Viscosity Of Palm Oil Based Nanofluids For Liquid Insulation In Power Transformer

The liquid insulation system of high voltage oil-immersed transformers is involved in this thesis. Until now, mineral insulation (MI) oils are typically used in high voltage oilimmersed transformers because of their excellence in dielectric strength and cooling performance. However, MI oils are non-...

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Main Author:	Mohamad, Mohd Safwan
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	TK Electrical engineering Electronics Nuclear engineering
Online Access:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24723/1/Dielectric%20Strength%20And%20Viscosity%20Of%20Palm%20Oil%20Based%20Nanofluids%20For%20Liquid%20Insulation%20In%20Power%20Transformer.pdf http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24723/2/Dielectric%20Strength%20And%20Viscosity%20Of%20Palm%20Oil%20Based%20Nanofluids%20For%20Liquid%20Insulation%20In%20Power%20Transformer.pdf
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id	my-utem-ep.24723
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
collection	UTeM Repository
language	English English
advisor	Zainuddin, Hidayat
topic	TK Electrical engineering Electronics Nuclear engineering
spellingShingle	TK Electrical engineering Electronics Nuclear engineering Mohamad, Mohd Safwan Dielectric Strength And Viscosity Of Palm Oil Based Nanofluids For Liquid Insulation In Power Transformer
description	The liquid insulation system of high voltage oil-immersed transformers is involved in this thesis. Until now, mineral insulation (MI) oils are typically used in high voltage oilimmersed transformers because of their excellence in dielectric strength and cooling performance. However, MI oils are non-renewable and non-sustainable sources. This has led scientists and researchers to formulate alternative insulation liquids such as natural ester insulation (NEI) oils to replace MI oils. Palm fatty acid ester (PFAE) is one of the ester types of insulation oil and the alternative oil to replace MI oils. This PFAE oil was developed in 2006 by Lion Corporation as insulation oil for transformer applications which have several advantages compared to MI oils i.e. good biodegrability, excellent performance in insulation and cooling medium. Nowadays, nanotechnology is one of the most important research fields especially in electrical insulation system due to the increasing demand for the electrical power in the world. Therefore, adding the nanoparticles is one of the approaches used by researchers to improve the performance of liquid insulation also known as nanofluids. The use of nanofluids in insulation system give more benefit in terms of insulation performance, design and power capacity of transformer. Based on this premise, the objectives of this research is to formulate PFAE oil-based nanofluids by dispersing three types of nanoparticles (i.e. conductive, semi-conductive and insulating nanoparticles) into PFAE oil. The potential of these nanofluids as insulation liquids is validated based on its Alternating Current (AC) breakdown voltage and viscosity. In sample preparation of PFAE oil-based nanofluids, four specific procedures must be followed i.e. weighing, homogenizer treatment, vacuum oven and moisture removal treatment process. The AC breakdown voltage was measured which complies with the specifications of the ASTM D1816 and the viscosity of the oil samples was measured according to ASTM D445 and ASTM D2983. The findings from the AC breakdown voltage suggested that the PFAE oil-based conductive nanofluid has the highest dielectric strength enchancement at weibull probability of 63.2 % with a value of 50.57 % relative to that for virgin PFAE oil. Besides that, the histogram for this nanofluids is skewed to the left, whereby most of the data fall within a range of 45 – 49 kV. In terms of heat transfer, the PFAE oil-based insulating nanofluid has the lowest viscosity compared to the other oil samples, particularly at 60 oC, based on viscosity values. Both of these parameters (AC breakdown voltage and viscosity) are crucial to designers of high voltage equipment and systems. In conclusion, the effects on breakdown voltage is more significant compared to the viscosity when nanoparticles are added into the PFAE oil.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.)
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Mohamad, Mohd Safwan
author_facet	Mohamad, Mohd Safwan
author_sort	Mohamad, Mohd Safwan
title	Dielectric Strength And Viscosity Of Palm Oil Based Nanofluids For Liquid Insulation In Power Transformer
title_short	Dielectric Strength And Viscosity Of Palm Oil Based Nanofluids For Liquid Insulation In Power Transformer
title_full	Dielectric Strength And Viscosity Of Palm Oil Based Nanofluids For Liquid Insulation In Power Transformer
title_fullStr	Dielectric Strength And Viscosity Of Palm Oil Based Nanofluids For Liquid Insulation In Power Transformer
title_full_unstemmed	Dielectric Strength And Viscosity Of Palm Oil Based Nanofluids For Liquid Insulation In Power Transformer
title_sort	dielectric strength and viscosity of palm oil based nanofluids for liquid insulation in power transformer
granting_institution	Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
granting_department	Faculty of Electrical Engineering
publishDate	2018
url	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24723/1/Dielectric%20Strength%20And%20Viscosity%20Of%20Palm%20Oil%20Based%20Nanofluids%20For%20Liquid%20Insulation%20In%20Power%20Transformer.pdf http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24723/2/Dielectric%20Strength%20And%20Viscosity%20Of%20Palm%20Oil%20Based%20Nanofluids%20For%20Liquid%20Insulation%20In%20Power%20Transformer.pdf
_version_	1747834096045785088
spelling	my-utem-ep.247232021-10-05T12:32:25Z Dielectric Strength And Viscosity Of Palm Oil Based Nanofluids For Liquid Insulation In Power Transformer 2018 Mohamad, Mohd Safwan TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering The liquid insulation system of high voltage oil-immersed transformers is involved in this thesis. Until now, mineral insulation (MI) oils are typically used in high voltage oilimmersed transformers because of their excellence in dielectric strength and cooling performance. However, MI oils are non-renewable and non-sustainable sources. This has led scientists and researchers to formulate alternative insulation liquids such as natural ester insulation (NEI) oils to replace MI oils. Palm fatty acid ester (PFAE) is one of the ester types of insulation oil and the alternative oil to replace MI oils. This PFAE oil was developed in 2006 by Lion Corporation as insulation oil for transformer applications which have several advantages compared to MI oils i.e. good biodegrability, excellent performance in insulation and cooling medium. Nowadays, nanotechnology is one of the most important research fields especially in electrical insulation system due to the increasing demand for the electrical power in the world. Therefore, adding the nanoparticles is one of the approaches used by researchers to improve the performance of liquid insulation also known as nanofluids. The use of nanofluids in insulation system give more benefit in terms of insulation performance, design and power capacity of transformer. Based on this premise, the objectives of this research is to formulate PFAE oil-based nanofluids by dispersing three types of nanoparticles (i.e. conductive, semi-conductive and insulating nanoparticles) into PFAE oil. The potential of these nanofluids as insulation liquids is validated based on its Alternating Current (AC) breakdown voltage and viscosity. In sample preparation of PFAE oil-based nanofluids, four specific procedures must be followed i.e. weighing, homogenizer treatment, vacuum oven and moisture removal treatment process. The AC breakdown voltage was measured which complies with the specifications of the ASTM D1816 and the viscosity of the oil samples was measured according to ASTM D445 and ASTM D2983. The findings from the AC breakdown voltage suggested that the PFAE oil-based conductive nanofluid has the highest dielectric strength enchancement at weibull probability of 63.2 % with a value of 50.57 % relative to that for virgin PFAE oil. Besides that, the histogram for this nanofluids is skewed to the left, whereby most of the data fall within a range of 45 – 49 kV. In terms of heat transfer, the PFAE oil-based insulating nanofluid has the lowest viscosity compared to the other oil samples, particularly at 60 oC, based on viscosity values. Both of these parameters (AC breakdown voltage and viscosity) are crucial to designers of high voltage equipment and systems. In conclusion, the effects on breakdown voltage is more significant compared to the viscosity when nanoparticles are added into the PFAE oil. 2018 Thesis http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24723/ http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24723/1/Dielectric%20Strength%20And%20Viscosity%20Of%20Palm%20Oil%20Based%20Nanofluids%20For%20Liquid%20Insulation%20In%20Power%20Transformer.pdf text en public http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24723/2/Dielectric%20Strength%20And%20Viscosity%20Of%20Palm%20Oil%20Based%20Nanofluids%20For%20Liquid%20Insulation%20In%20Power%20Transformer.pdf text en validuser https://plh.utem.edu.my/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=116866 mphil masters Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Faculty of Electrical Engineering Zainuddin, Hidayat 1. Agrawal, K.C., 2007. Electrical Power Engineering Reference and Application Handbook, CRC Press Handbook, United Kindom, pp.1-1125. 2. 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Dielectric Strength And Viscosity Of Palm Oil Based Nanofluids For Liquid Insulation In Power Transformer

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