Optimization Of Ammonia Release Model In A Fluidized Bed Granulation System Using RSM And PSO

Natural fibres, due to their eco-friendly nature and sustainability, receive attention from researchers and academics to be used in polymer composites. In this study, the effect of stitching pattern on properties of woven kenaf fabric reinforced polymer (thermoset and thermoplastic) composites was a...

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Main Author:	Husin, Mohd Amirhafizan
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2021
Subjects:	T Technology (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25383/1/Optimization%20Of%20Ammonia%20Release%20Model%20In%20A%20Fluidized%20Bed%20Granulation%20System%20Using%20RSM%20And%20PSO.pdf http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25383/2/Optimization%20Of%20Ammonia%20Release%20Model%20In%20A%20Fluidized%20Bed%20Granulation%20System%20Using%20RSM%20And%20PSO.pdf
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id	my-utem-ep.25383
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
collection	UTeM Repository
language	English English
advisor	Salleh, Mohd Rizal
topic	T Technology (General) T Technology (General)
spellingShingle	T Technology (General) T Technology (General) Husin, Mohd Amirhafizan Optimization Of Ammonia Release Model In A Fluidized Bed Granulation System Using RSM And PSO
description	Natural fibres, due to their eco-friendly nature and sustainability, receive attention from researchers and academics to be used in polymer composites. In this study, the effect of stitching pattern on properties of woven kenaf fabric reinforced polymer (thermoset and thermoplastic) composites was analysed. The hand lay-up followed by a vacuum baggage technique was used to fabricate thermoset composite and a hot pressing technique was used to produce thermoplastic composites. The materials used were epoxy resin and polypropylene, which acted as matrices and woven kenaf fibre as a reinforcement. The composites were made in different patterns of stitches which were divided into two categories, basic patterns which were stitched together by a single cross, including Vertical (V), Horizontal (H), Tilt 30° (T30) and Tilt 60° (T60). The other was a complex pattern, stitch with a double cross, including Box, Tilt 45°/90° (T45/90), Tilt 30°/30° (T30/30) and Tilt 60°/60° (T60/60). Tensile test, impact test and hemisphere test of the composites were evaluated in accordance with an ASTM standard. The highest specific strength for single and double stitching was found in samples V and T60/60 of 9.53 MPa/g and 12.75 MPa/g respectively, with an improvement of 14.41% and 53.06% compared to unstitched samples. It was also found that the double stitch patterns show good agreement in improving the tensile and impact performance, either for reinforced thermoset or thermoplastic composite. The results also show that the composite samples reinforced thermoset matrix have better specific strength performance, approximately 3.58 MPa/g to 10.49 MPa/g compared to the composite reinforced thermoplastic matrix. This is due to the thermosetting matrix is generally tougher and stronger than thermoplastics. However, in impact performance, thermoplastic reinforced composite samples show higher impact strength, approximately 3.73 J/cm2 to 4.25 J/cm2 compared to thermoset composites due to excellent impact resistance and damage tolerance by reducing crack propagation and better stress distribution throughout the structure. The evidence from this study suggested that the stitching patterns and stitching angle gave significant effect to the performance of woven stitch kenaf composite compared to the unstitched ones. Implications of the results and future research direction were also presented.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Husin, Mohd Amirhafizan
author_facet	Husin, Mohd Amirhafizan
author_sort	Husin, Mohd Amirhafizan
title	Optimization Of Ammonia Release Model In A Fluidized Bed Granulation System Using RSM And PSO
title_short	Optimization Of Ammonia Release Model In A Fluidized Bed Granulation System Using RSM And PSO
title_full	Optimization Of Ammonia Release Model In A Fluidized Bed Granulation System Using RSM And PSO
title_fullStr	Optimization Of Ammonia Release Model In A Fluidized Bed Granulation System Using RSM And PSO
title_full_unstemmed	Optimization Of Ammonia Release Model In A Fluidized Bed Granulation System Using RSM And PSO
title_sort	optimization of ammonia release model in a fluidized bed granulation system using rsm and pso
granting_institution	Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
granting_department	Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering
publishDate	2021
url	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25383/1/Optimization%20Of%20Ammonia%20Release%20Model%20In%20A%20Fluidized%20Bed%20Granulation%20System%20Using%20RSM%20And%20PSO.pdf http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25383/2/Optimization%20Of%20Ammonia%20Release%20Model%20In%20A%20Fluidized%20Bed%20Granulation%20System%20Using%20RSM%20And%20PSO.pdf
_version_	1747834114158886912
spelling	my-utem-ep.253832021-11-17T08:50:28Z Optimization Of Ammonia Release Model In A Fluidized Bed Granulation System Using RSM And PSO 2021 Husin, Mohd Amirhafizan T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Natural fibres, due to their eco-friendly nature and sustainability, receive attention from researchers and academics to be used in polymer composites. In this study, the effect of stitching pattern on properties of woven kenaf fabric reinforced polymer (thermoset and thermoplastic) composites was analysed. The hand lay-up followed by a vacuum baggage technique was used to fabricate thermoset composite and a hot pressing technique was used to produce thermoplastic composites. The materials used were epoxy resin and polypropylene, which acted as matrices and woven kenaf fibre as a reinforcement. The composites were made in different patterns of stitches which were divided into two categories, basic patterns which were stitched together by a single cross, including Vertical (V), Horizontal (H), Tilt 30° (T30) and Tilt 60° (T60). The other was a complex pattern, stitch with a double cross, including Box, Tilt 45°/90° (T45/90), Tilt 30°/30° (T30/30) and Tilt 60°/60° (T60/60). Tensile test, impact test and hemisphere test of the composites were evaluated in accordance with an ASTM standard. The highest specific strength for single and double stitching was found in samples V and T60/60 of 9.53 MPa/g and 12.75 MPa/g respectively, with an improvement of 14.41% and 53.06% compared to unstitched samples. It was also found that the double stitch patterns show good agreement in improving the tensile and impact performance, either for reinforced thermoset or thermoplastic composite. The results also show that the composite samples reinforced thermoset matrix have better specific strength performance, approximately 3.58 MPa/g to 10.49 MPa/g compared to the composite reinforced thermoplastic matrix. This is due to the thermosetting matrix is generally tougher and stronger than thermoplastics. However, in impact performance, thermoplastic reinforced composite samples show higher impact strength, approximately 3.73 J/cm2 to 4.25 J/cm2 compared to thermoset composites due to excellent impact resistance and damage tolerance by reducing crack propagation and better stress distribution throughout the structure. The evidence from this study suggested that the stitching patterns and stitching angle gave significant effect to the performance of woven stitch kenaf composite compared to the unstitched ones. Implications of the results and future research direction were also presented. 2021 Thesis http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25383/ http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25383/1/Optimization%20Of%20Ammonia%20Release%20Model%20In%20A%20Fluidized%20Bed%20Granulation%20System%20Using%20RSM%20And%20PSO.pdf text en validuser http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25383/2/Optimization%20Of%20Ammonia%20Release%20Model%20In%20A%20Fluidized%20Bed%20Granulation%20System%20Using%20RSM%20And%20PSO.pdf text en public https://plh.utem.edu.my/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=119747 phd doctoral Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering Salleh, Mohd Rizal 1. Anonymous, 2009. Operating manual: FLP – Fluid bed granulator / pelletizer /coater / turbojet. Changzhou Jiafa Granulating Drying Equipment Company Limited. 2. Assareh, E., Behrang, M. A., Assari, M. R., and Ghanbarzadeh, A., 2010. 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Optimization Of Ammonia Release Model In A Fluidized Bed Granulation System Using RSM And PSO

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